Uttarakhand Updates > Articles By Esteemed Guests of Uttarakhand - विशेष आमंत्रित अतिथियों के लेख
Articles By Bhisma Kukreti - श्री भीष्म कुकरेती जी के लेख
Bhishma Kukreti:
Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur (Himachal) Kingdom
Foreign Policy of Garhwal Kings in Pal /Shah Period -4
Administration, Social and Cultural Characteristics History of Garhwal in Shah Dynasty -33
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -222
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -470
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
The Sirmaur Kingdom (Toady in Himachal) was in south west of Garhwal region crossing Yamuna from Garhwal. From thirteenth century till fifteenth century, Garhwal Kingdom captured ruled on Sirmaur and adjacent regions many times. When Garhwal King Ajaypal and Manshah captured many regions east of Yamuna, the Sirmaur Kings took help from Mughal Emperors to win over Dehradun. Once, Mughal Emperor Shahjhan planned to win Garhwal and divide it for Kumaon and Sirmaur Kings. Medanishah became friendly with Aurangzeb and Sirmaur and Kumaon Kings could not attack on Garhwal.
Lalt Shah attacked on Sirmaur without any reason. However, due to diplomatic relation of Maularam, Sirmaur King Jagt Prakash helped Jai Kirti Shah when he was in need. Gorkha captured Sirmaur and Garhwal in later stage.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 1/11/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -471
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….
History of Characteristics of Garhwal Kings Shah dynasty, to be continued
XX
Notes on South Asian Modern Period History of Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Chamoli Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Rudraprayag Garhwal; South Asian Modern History of Tehri Garhwal; South Asian Modern History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Dehradun, Garhwal; Modern History of Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Manglaur, Haridwar; South Asian Modern Period History of Rurkee Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Haridwar district, South Asian History of Bijnor old Garhwal
XX
Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom; Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom in relation Sirmaur Himachal History; Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom in relation Bijnor , old Garhwal History; Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom in relation Haridwar Garhwal History; Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom in relation Dehradun Garhwal History; Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom in relation Uttarkashi Garhwal History; Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom in relation Tehri Garhwal History; Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom in relation Chamoli Garhwal History; Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom in relation Pauri Garhwal History; Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Sirmaur Kingdom in relation Rudraprayag Garhwal History;
Bhishma Kukreti:
टूर ऑपरेटरों का इंटरनेट मार्केटिंग सिद्धांतों को समझना आवश्यक है
Principles of Internet Marketing in context Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Uttarakhand
(Tourism and Hospitality Marketing Management for Garhwal, Kumaon and Hardwar series--98 )
उत्तराखंड में पर्यटन व आतिथ्य विपणन प्रबंधन -भाग 98
लेखक : भीष्म कुकरेती (विपणन व विक्री प्रबंधन विशेषज्ञ )
आज कोई भी व्यापार हो या लेखन हो उस व्यवसाय (Profession ) , व्यापार /लेखन को इंटरनेट मार्केटिंग की आवश्यकता अवश्य है। इसलिए इंटरनेट मार्केटिंग की मूलभूत सिधान्तो को समझना आवश्यक है।
१-आप पर निर्भरता के लिए कोई नही जीता है।
२- हाँ आपका कार्य /कर्म दूसरे को सहायता /आनंद दे सकता है। इसलिए इंटरनेट मार्केटिंग को गम्भीरतापूर्वक लीजिये
३- कोई भी कर्म खाली नही जाता है। सभी कर्मों का फल यहीं मिलता है। इसलिए ग्राहक को स्पैम /बेकार के ईमेल /बेकार के विषयों /झूठे विषयों /झूठे आश्वासन / झठे शीर्षकों से तंग ना करें।
४-75 % ग्राहक /पाठक आपको खोजने हेतु सर्च इंजिन जैसे गूगल , याहू आदि आदि की सेवा लेते हैं अतः इंटरनेट व्यवसाय /व्यापार।/लेखन में सर्च इंजिन ऑप्टिमाइजेसन , की वर्ड ऑप्टिमाइजेसन आवश्यक है।
५-इंटरनेट महासागर ही नहे पूरा ब्रह्माण्ड है अतः केवल एक माध्यम पर निर्भर ना रहिये अपितु निम्न माध्यम भी अपनाइये -
पेड सर्च , पर क्लिक , गूगल एडवर्ल्ड आदि
ऑर्गैनिक सर्च
ऑनलाइन जनसम्पर्क
ऑनलाइन विज्ञापन
सोसल मीडिया से लिंक
अन्य से लिंक
ईमेल मार्केटिंग याने परमिसन मार्केटिंग
६- क्रोधी ग्राहक की तागत को कम ना आँकें
७-प्रसन्न ग्राहक को कम ना आँकें
८-सुंदर महान है किन्तु सरल महानतम है
९- आप ग्राहक नहीं हैं
१०- रिस्क लेना आवश्यक है
११- बिना नापे /तौले /विश्लेषण के रिस्क आत्महत्या है। इसलिए अपने वेब साइट को नापिये /तौलिये /विश्लेषित कीजिये
१२ -जैसे अखबार /टीवी मार्केटिंग नही अपितु माध्यम हैं वैसे ही इंटरनेट कदापि भी मार्केटिंग नही है अपितु एक माध्यम है
१३-वेब साइट मार्केटिंग रणनीति के बराबर नही है याने वेब साइट तो मार्केटिंग रणनीति का एक छोटा अंग है
१४-ग्राहकों की सुनिए
१५- हरेक मार्केटिंग का अर्थ है संदेश याने सूचना। आप कौन सी सूचना दे रहे हो ? क्यों आपका ग्राहक आपकी वेब साइट में में आएगा ? क्यों ग्राहक आपकी वेब साइट में देर तक भ्रमण करेगा ?
और अंत में पारम्परिक माध्यमों को कदापि ना भूलिए !
Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti 1 /11//2014
Contact ID bckukreti@gmail.com
Tourism and Hospitality Marketing Management for Garhwal, Kumaon and Hardwar series to be continued ...
उत्तराखंड में पर्यटन व आतिथ्य विपणन प्रबंधन श्रृंखला जारी …
References
1 -भीष्म कुकरेती, 2006 -2007 , उत्तरांचल में पर्यटन विपणन परिकल्पना , शैलवाणी (150 अंकों में ) , कोटद्वार , गढ़वाल
Internet Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Uttarakhand; Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Haridwar Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Internet Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Online Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Dehradun Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Internet Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Uttarkashi Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Web Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Online Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Web Blog Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Internet Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Online Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Web site Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Online Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Internet Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Web Marketing of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Development in Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand;
Bhishma Kukreti:
हमर बगतमा स्कूल नि जाणो कुछ कारण
इना उना बिटेन ::: भीष्म कुकरेती
आज प्याज गडै च।
आज वैक सुलार भीजि गे ।
आज सरा गां अयेड़ी खिलणो जाणु च।
आज वैक छुट भाई तैं अखळ लग्यां छन।
आज हमन ए सालक पैलि कखड़ी तुड़ण ।
मेरी ब्वेक तब्यत खराब च तो साधू आज अपण ददिम रालु ।
मेरी तब्यत खराब च त हौळ लगाणो बान मि सून तैं भिजणु छौं ।
आज भद्वाक दीदीक खुट पर ढाल हुयुं च तो भद्वान पाणी सारण।
भोळ सौणाक ब्वेक स्वील हूणों चानस च त आज से सौणा स्कूल नि ऐ सकुद।
झगड़ु तैं पल्ली गाँवन अल्लु लाणन अर भोळ एक माण आपकुण (मास्टर जी ) बि भेज द्योलु
फत्तूक ददा आँख नि दिखदन अर आज फत्तूक ददान फत्तू दगड़ जीमण खाणो पल्ली गां जाण ।
आज पली ख्वाळ बरखी च अर म्यार लूथान भौत दिनों से खीर नि खै तो आज वैतैं छुटि चयाणी च।
आज म्यार मौनू स्कूल नि ऐ सकुद। भौत दिन से मीन पळेक नि बिसाइ तो आज गोरमा मौनू जाणु च।
गुन्दरू तबियत खराब च , वैदराज जीन सख्त हिदैत देकि वैमा द्वी चार दिन बेकार का काम नि करैन ।
ब्याळि म्यार घन्तु छुट भुला तैं संबालणो जगा किताब पढ़णु छौ त वैक बुबान थींचि दे तो आज स्कूल नि ऐ सकुद।
हमर बगत माने सन साठ से पैल !
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 3 /11 /2014
*लेख की घटनाएँ , स्थान व नाम काल्पनिक हैं । लेख में कथाएँ , चरित्र , स्थान केवल व्यंग्य रचने हेतु उपयोग किये गए हैं।
CLEAN INDIA , स्वच्छ भारत !
Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language, Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language , Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language , North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language , Ridicule in Garhwali Language , Mockery in Garhwali Language, Send-up in Garhwali Language, Disdain in Garhwali Language, Hilarity in Garhwali Language, Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language; Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language from Pauri Garhwal; Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language from Rudraprayag Garhwal; Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language from Chamoli Garhwal; North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language from Tehri Garhwal; , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language from Uttarkashi Garhwal; Ridicule in Garhwali Language from Bhabhar Garhwal; Mockery in Garhwali Language from Lansdowne Garhwal; Hilarity in Garhwali Language from Kotdwara Garhwal; Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language from Haridwar;
Bhishma Kukreti:
Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mughal
Foreign Policy of Garhwal Kings in Pal /Shah Period -5
Administration, Social and Cultural Characteristics History of Garhwal in Shah Dynasty -34
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -223
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -471
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
Most probably, Garhwal King Sahajpal had cordial relation with Mughal Empire. However, Sahajpal did not agree to be under Mughal rule.
Husain Khan a regional commander of Akbar attacked on territories from Yamuna till Doti and looted the territory.
Garhwal army resisted Husain Khan army in Doon valley. Garhwal army wounded Husain Khan and Husian Khan died after getting wound in Doon valley.
Initially, Garhwal King Balbhadra opposed Akbar and supported opponents of Akbar. However, later on established cordial relation with Mughal Emperor Akbar.
Garhwal King Shyam Shah visited Mughal Emperor in Agra but did not acceptance submission or rule of Mughal Emperor.
Nazavat khan the commander of Shahjahan attacked on Garhwal and reached till Mohanchatti Banderbhel (where Taimur also reached) and was harassed by armed force of Nakkati queen. Nazabat Khan had to flee to save his life to Nazibabda region via Hinwal river valley. Prithvipati Shah accepted submission of Mughal Emperor Shahjahan but by offering shelter to Suleman Shikoh (son of Dara SHikoh) he opposed Aurangzeb. Medani Shah the son of Prithvipati Shah opposed his father and helped Auranzeb to catch Suleman Shikoh. Though Medani Shah was under Auranzeb but virtually Garhwal was as good as Slovenian Kingdom. Fateshah the son of Medani Shah attacked part of Saharanpur and looted the Mughal territory. Fate Shah sent gift to Mughal emperor in later stage.
Due to geographical circumstances, Mughal rulers could not win Garhwal and most of the time Garhwal Kings had cordial relation with Mughal Empire.
Hardiwar was always under Mughal or Rohillas in Pughal Period. Same way, Bijnor was snatched from Garhwal by Rohillas for ever.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 3/11/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -472
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….
History of Characteristics of Garhwal Kings Shah dynasty, to be continued
XX
Notes on South Asian Modern Period History of Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Chamoli Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Rudraprayag Garhwal; South Asian Modern History of Tehri Garhwal; South Asian Modern History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Dehradun, Garhwal; Modern History of Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Manglaur, Haridwar; South Asian Modern Period History of Rurkee Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Haridwar district, South Asian History of Bijnor old Garhwal
XX
Bhishma Kukreti:
History aspects of Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas
Foreign Policy of Garhwal Kings in Pal /Shah Period -6
Administration, Social and Cultural Characteristics History of Garhwal in Shah Dynasty -35
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -224
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -472
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
Rohillas Pathans the warrior class were migrated from Afghanistan in search of jobs. Pakhtun tribe people settled in Rohilkhand in early eighteenth century by Daud Khan. Rohillas captured Bijnor, parts of Haridwar, Saharanpur, Barelly, Moradabad, Pilibhit, Rampur, Shahjahnapur (Rohilkhand). Rohillas were always engaged in wars with the above territories rulers.
When Rohillas captured Kumaon in 1742, Rohillas were eager to attack on Garhwal. Garhwal King Pradip Shah helped Kumaon King Kalyan Chand and paid rupees three laksh to Rohillas for leaving Kumaon. Rohilla Sardar (Cheiftain) attacked on Salan and part of Dehradun and captured for some time. However, Garhwal King did not accept rule or submission of Rohillas at any time. There had been small time battles with Rohillas till Gorkha invaded Garhwal. People of Salan fought their own battles with Rohillas many times. There was resistance from rohillas for British army in the forest edges of Timli, Mohund, Kansaro, Hardiwar.
Rohillas broke temples of Ganga Salan, Malla Salan and Talla Salan . That is why there are many folk stories of a Gujjar breaking Shiv Ling or idol/sculpture of Devi and the idol parts scattering other places.
Rohillas were cruel and used to capture slaves and used to burn humans for making wound medicine called Ramtel from blood of men. There are folk stories in each village of Dhangu, Ajmer, Udaipur and Langur , Sheela Pattis (Ganga Salan) about Gujjar capturing men and producing Ramtel by hanging shaved man on a hot Kadhai.
Rohilla Sardar helped Dehradun people to increase crop production by helping digging canals in Dehradun.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 4/11/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -473
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….
History of Characteristics of Garhwal Kings Shah dynasty, to be continued
XX
Notes on South Asian Modern Period History of Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Chamoli Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Rudraprayag Garhwal; South Asian Modern History of Tehri Garhwal; South Asian Modern History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Dehradun, Garhwal; Modern History of Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Manglaur, Haridwar; South Asian Modern Period History of Rurkee Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Haridwar district, South Asian History of Bijnor old Garhwal
XX
History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Garhwal and Rohilkhand; History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Saharanpur, Garhwal and Rohilkhand; History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Haridwar Garhwal and Rohilkhand; History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Garhwal and Bijnor Rohilkhand; History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Garhwal and Rohilkhand; History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Garhwal and Barelly Rohilkhand; History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Garhwal and Pailibhit Rohilkhand; History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Garhwal and Moradabad Rohilkhand; History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Garhwal and Shahjhanpur Rohilkhand; History aspects Relationship of Garhwal Kingdom with Rohillas in context History of Garhwal and Rampur Rohilkhand;
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