Uttarakhand Updates > Articles By Esteemed Guests of Uttarakhand - विशेष आमंत्रित अतिथियों के लेख
Articles By Bhisma Kukreti - श्री भीष्म कुकरेती जी के लेख
Bhishma Kukreti:
Income from Forests in British Uttarakhand (Kumaon-Garhwal)
-
Exploitation of Forest Resources-4
-
British Administration in Garhwal -105
-
History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -122
-
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -959
-
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
-
Officials took tax in Toll Tax Stations at Shivalik hill valleys for the outgoing wood from Shivalik hills. Catechu was costly and the officials used to take tax as per Catechu extraction factories (Bhatti). The tax on catechu was Rs.7.50 per Bhatti or extracting oven.
The outing tax on wood was as follows in 1847 in Uttarakhand (Atkinson) in Rs. per carrier –
Particulars --- --------------------Bull Cart -----Mule load-Donkey----- Head load----------Boat load
Average wood-----------------------6-------
Sal Log (Shorea robusta ) ---------8
Oil Crusher--------------------------- 8
Sal logs for House --------------------8
Tendu log ------------------------------4
Bamboo----------------------------------6-------------------6----------------------3--------------------1
Babad grass ------------------------------6--------------------6--------------------3-------------------1
Tat-Nakul -----------------------------------6------------------6---------------------3
Grass for hut roofing -------------------6
Grass Munj for hut roofing -----------4
Lime------------------------------------------12-----------------6---------------------3
Lakh -------------------------------------------------------------2
Wood for coal or coal---------------------4
The demand for above items was increasing in plains. British exploited the Uttarakhand forests as much they could.
From 1855-57, there was sudden demand for sleepers for railway lines. The pine sleepers were being imported from Norway. The European sleepers were not durably fit for India. The Saugan, Sal sleepers were more durable. Therefore, British offered contract for cutting Sal, Shisham, and Saugan trees from Uttarakhand. Contractors cut the forests cruelly.
-
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 8/1/2017
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -960
-
*** History of British Rule/Administration over British Garhwal (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter
-
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX
References
1-Shiv Prasad Dabral ‘Charan’, Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -7 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -1, page- 287-312
2- Atkinson, Himalayan Districts, Vol.-1 page 840-915
3- Waver, Forests of Upper India and their inhabitants page 13
Xx
History of British Rule, Administration , Policies, Revenue system, over Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand ; History of British Rule , Administration , Policies Revenue system over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system over Dehradun , Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand ; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, ,Revenue system over Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand ;
History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, Revenue system over Haridwar, Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand;
Bhishma Kukreti:
Modern Garhwali Verses Songs, Poems
कारगिल की लड़ाई माँ (करुण रस की यु गढ़वाली कविता )
-
रचना -- चंडी प्रसाद बंगवाल (जन्म 1961 , वर्तमान -हिंसुरिया खाळ , भल्लेगाँव , टिहरी गढ़वाल )
-
Poetry by - Chandi Prasad Bangwal
-
Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali (Asian) Poetry –248
-
साहित्य इतिहास , इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति और व्याख्या : भीष्म कुकरेती
-
कारगिल की लड़ाई मा मांजि
घुट घुट घुघट्यान्दि रैग्यूं
तेरि मुखड़ि देखणक मांजि
टुप-टुप टुपरांदि रैग्यूं।
कन होलि मेतरी माँ की ममता
कनि होलि ऊ आँखि
अंत समय मा रुफड़ान्दि रैगि
तेरी घुघुति सी सांखी।
बाळापन कु तेरु लाड -प्यार
हैंसदा -खेलदा ऊ दिन ,
मिलि जालू सब यीं माटी मा
जाणि बि नि छै मींन।
अपणु त फर्ज निभैगि
पर माँजी तेरा दूध कु कर्ज
जनम जनम कु रैगि।
तेरी बुढ़ोन्दि आँख्यूं कु पाणि
पोंछि नि सैक्यूं मांजि ,
अपणा देश कि रक्षा खातिर
ऐ बि नि सैक्यूं मांजि।
नौं त अमर करि गैयूं मांजि
पर तेरि सेवा नि कैई
हे ! विधाता अगलू जनम बि
माँ कि ही कोख मा देई।
-
कारगिल की लड़ाई मा मांजि
तेरु सपूत हे भारत माता
( डांडा कांठा स्वर , पृष्ठ 31
Poetry Copyright@ Poet
Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti interpretation if any
-
Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Songs , Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali Verses , Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Poetries , Poets ; Poems Contemporary Poetries , Poets ; Contemporary Poetries from Garhwal; Development of Modern Garhwali Verses; Poems ; Critical and Chronological History of South Asian Modern Garhwali Verses ; Modern Poetries , Poets ; Contemporary Poetries, Poets ; Contemporary Poetries Poems from Pauri Garhwal; Modern Garhwali Songs ; Modern Garhwali Verses ; Poems, Poets ; Modern Poetries ; Contemporary Poetries ; Contemporary Poetries from Chamoli Garhwal ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Verses ; Modern Garhwali Verses, Poets ; Poems, Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Poetries ; Contemporary Poetries , Poems Poetries from Rudraprayag Garhwal Asia , Poets ; Modern Garhwali Songs, Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Verses ; Modern Poetries ; Contemporary Poetries , Poets ; Contemporary Poetries from Tehri Garhwal ; Asia ; Poems ; Inspirational and Modern Garhwali Verses ; Asian Modern Garhwali Verses ; Modern Poetries; Contemporary Poetries ; Contemporary Poetries from Uttarkashi Garhwal ; Modern Garhwali Songs; Modern Garhwali Verses ; Poems ; Asian Modern Poetries ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Poems ; Asian Contemporary Poetries ; Contemporary Poetries Poems from Dehradun Garhwal; Famous Asian Poets ; Famous South Asian Poet ; Famous SAARC Countries Poet ; Critical and Chronological History of Famous Asian Poets of Modern Time ;
-
पौड़ी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड से गढ़वाली , कविता ; चमोली गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड से गढ़वाली पद्य , कविता ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड से गढ़वाली पद्य , कविता ;टिहरी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड से गढ़वाली पद्य , कविता ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड से गढ़वाली पद्य , कविता ; देहरादून गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड से गढ़वाली पद्य , कविता ;
-
स्वच्छ भारत ; स्वच्छ भारत ; समर्थ गढ़वाल
--
Bhishma Kukreti:
Hemwati Nandan Bhatt, ‘Hemu’ : A Directive and Suggestive Garhwali Poet
Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali (Asian) Poetry –- 162
Literature Historian: Bhishma Kukreti
-
Most of the poems of Hemwati Nandan Bhatt Hemu are directive in nature and he shows what is wrong-right happening and then suggest what should be done.
Hemwati Nandan Bhatt Hemu was born on 15th November, 1973 in village Boonga of Yamkeshwar Block, Pauri Garhwal , Himalaya. Hemwati Nandan Bhatt is master in Sociology and History. Hemu Bhatt is free lancer journalist residing in Rishikesh.
Hemwati Nandan Bhatt published tens of Garhwali poems and Geets in various regional periodicals of Uttarakhand. (All India radio have been relaying regularly the poems, chats of Bhatt. The representative poems of Hemu Bhatt are published in collections of Garhwali poems - Gwathani Gaun Bate and Biji Gyai Kavita . Hemwati Bhatt brought his Garhwali audio cassette in the name ‘Bagat’.
Readers and Critics admire pems as Khot, Dathudi Pailailya Didyun, Bhag ko Ni Dosh, Kya Bajar podi , Teri Jagwal, Lyakhar Bhai geet Rachna Chhan, Kothi Dehradun Banan etc
His poems are based on the subjects of wrong happenings in the society and at the same time, Hemu Bhatt suggests the corrective measures through his poems.
Bhatt writes Geet, rhymes and non-rhymes in Garhwali poetry.
-
डेवलपमेंट 2020 मा (गढ़वाली कविता )
-
कोल्ड्रिंक बियर बार पाड़ डांडा वार- प्व़ार
कच्ची न पक्यूं की बार मैनुफैक्चरिंग बहार
होली मेरा उत्तराखण्ड मा
डेवलपमेंट 2020 मा।
चूनै रवट्टी झंगोरू कोदू कण्डळी भूली जा
केक बिरेड टोस्ट बटर , जैम रटिल्या
औण वळी चा बहार हां
डेवलपमेंट 2020 मा।
ओल्ड बिचार फुंड धरा नयि थिंक अपणैल्या
नौना बाळौ ना डरा रात -बिर्त घुमण द्या
नाइट क्लब डिस्को बार मा
डेवलपमेंट 2020 मा।
पैलि लुटेंदा छा भैर अब लुटेल्या भितर
भैर वळा चोर छा भितर वळा अपड़ छन
काका बड्डा भाई भतीजा
डेवलपमेंट 2020 मा।
(Ref-ऊदु ब्वगदी गंगा कविता संग्रह )
Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai; 2016
Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Songs, Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali Folk Verses, Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Poetries, Poets ; Poems Contemporary Poetries, Poets ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Garhwal; Development of Modern Garhwali Folk Songs ; Poems ; Critical and Chronological History of South Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Verses ; Modern Poetries , Poets ; Contemporary Poetries, Poets ; Contemporary folk Poetries Poems from Pauri Garhwal; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses ; Poems, Poets ; Modern Poetries ; Contemporary Poetries ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Chamoli Garhwal ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Songs ; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses, Poets ; Poems, Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Poetries; Contemporary Poetries , Poems folk Poetries from Rudraprayag Garhwal Asia, Poets ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs, Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Verses ; Modern Poetries ; Contemporary Poetries, Poets ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Tehri Garhwal; Asia ; Poems ; Inspirational and Modern Garhwali Folk Songs ; Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Verses ; Modern Poetries; Contemporary Poetries; Contemporary Folk Poetries from Uttarkashi Garhwal ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses ; Poems ; Asian Modern Poetries ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Poems ; Asian Contemporary Poetries; Contemporary folk Poetries Poems from Dehradun Garhwal; Famous Asian Poets ; Famous South Asian Poet ; Famous SAARC Countries Poet ; Critical and Chronological History of Famous Asian Poets of Modern Time ;
-
-
स्वच्छ भारत ; स्वच्छ भारत ; समर्थ गढ़वाल
--
Bhishma Kukreti:
Preparation for IAS Exam, UPSC exams
-
UPSC Paper II Syllabus
-
IAS /UPSC परीक्षा का सैलेबस - 2
प्रिलिमनरी पेपर सिलेबस पेपर -2
-
( गढवाल भ्रातृ मंडल (स्थापना -1928 ) , मुंबई की मुहिम –हर उत्तराखंडी IAS बन सकता है )
-
IAS/IRS/IFS कैसे बन सकते हैं श्रृंखला -24
-
गढ़वाल भ्रातृ मण्डल हेतु प्रस्तुति - भीष्म कुकरेती
-
UPSC Paper Syllabus II
मार्क्स - 200
परीक्षा समय - 2 घण्टे
१- ज्ञान
२- संवाद -संचार (Communication )
३- आपसी संबन्ध व संवाद -संचार कौशल
४- तार्किक -बुद्धि कौशल व विश्लेषणात्मक कौशल
५- निर्णय लेने का कौशल , समस्या समाधान कौशल
६- मानसिक अवस्था
७-आधारभूत संख्या /गणित ज्ञान (कक्षा दस के बराबर )
-
शेष IAS/IPS/IFS/IRS कैसे बन सकते हैं श्रृंखला - 25 में.....
-
-
कृपया इस लेख व " हर उत्तराखंडी IAS बन सकता है" आशय को कम से कम 7 लोगों तक पँहुचाइये प्लीज !
-
IAS Exams, IAS Exam preparation, UPSC exams, How I can be IAS , Rules of IAS exams, Characteristics of IAS exam, How will I success IAS exam, S UPSC Exam Hard ?Family background and IAS/UPSC Exams, Planning IAS Exams, Long term Planning, Starting Age for IAS/UPSC exam preparation, Sitting on other exams ,Should IAS Aspirant take other employment while preparing for exams?, Balancing with College Study ,Taking benefits from sitting on UPSC exams, Self Coaching IAS/UPSC Exams, Syllabus IAS/ UPSC Exams ,
--
Bhishma Kukreti:
Satire and its Characteristics, Ramayana Stories व्यंग्य परिभाषा, व्यंग्य गुण /चरित्र
-
वाल्मीकि अर हौर रामायणो मा हौंस -व्यंग्य
-
(व्यंग्य - कला , विज्ञानौ , दर्शन का मिऴवाक : ( भाग 18 )
भीष्म कुकरेती
-
हाँ उन त वाल्मीकि रामायण एक गम्भीर महाकाव्य च अर सैत च वैबगत ऋषि कम ही हास्य -व्यंग्य कृति रचदा रै होला। पण कथा माँ हौंस -व्यंग्य अफिक बि ऐ जांद।
वाल्मीकि रामयाण रचना काल का हास्य -व्यंग्य संस्कृति अर आजका व्यंग्य संस्कृति मा भौत अंतर च तो हम वाल्मीकि रामयण का भौत सा हास्य अर व्यंग्य तैं समजी नि सकदा। फिर भी खुजनेरुंन कुछ न कुछ ख्वाज च।
मंथरा -कैकेयी सम्बाद मा मंथरा द्वारा कैकेयी की उलाहना वाल्मीकि रामयण मा व्यंग्यौ सबसे बडो उदाहरण च।
जे. के . त्रिखान ( A Study of Ramayana (1981, Bharti Vidya Bhawan ) वाल्मीकि द्वारा मन्थरा कैकेयी सम्बाद, शूर्पणखा लक्ष्मण संवाद , शूर्पणखा -रावण सम्बाद आदि खण्डों माँ हास्य व्यंग्य का खोजपूर्ण विवरण दे .
पी ऐस सुब्रमण्य शास्त्री न बि A Critical Study of Valmiki Ramayana माँ हास्य -व्यंग्य बहुत सा उदाहरण देन अर ल्याख बल 'त्वद्विधानां', अपूर्वी , भार्यया शब्दों तै शिल्ष्ट अलंकार प्रयोग से हास्य व्यंग्य पैदा करे गे (पृष्ठ 28 )
हौर भाषाओं मा वाल्मीकि रामायण पर आधारित रामायण ग्रन्थों मा त हास्य व्यंग्य भौत मिल्दो। तुलसीकृत रामचरित मानस , आदि रामायणों मा हास्य -व्यंग्य मिळद च।
Paula Richman की Ramayana Stories in Modern South India (2008 ) मा रामायण कथाओं मा हास्य व्यंग्य का क्षणों वर्णन मिल्दो।
पण्डित राधेश्याम कथावाचक कृत रामलीला हेतु रचीं रामायण मा तो दसियों जगा हास्य -व्यंग्य मिल्दो।
गुणानन्द पथिक की गढ़वाली रामलीला मा बि दसियों जगा हास्य -व्यंग्य मिल्दो।
रामायण विषयी गढ़वाली विडीओओं मा बि दसियों जगा हास्य -व्यंग्य मिल्दो।
23 / 1 /2017 Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti
Discussion on Satire in Ramayana ; definition of Satire; Verbal Aggression Satire in Ramayana ; Words, forms Irony in Ramayana , Types Satire in Ramayana ; Games of Satire in Ramayana ; Theories of Satire in Ramayana ; Classical Satire in Ramayana ; Censoring Satire in Ramayana ; Aim of Satire in Ramayana; Satire and Culture , Rituals in Ramayana
व्यंग्य परिभाषा , व्यंग्य के गुण /चरित्र ; व्यंग्य क्यों।; व्यंग्य प्रकार ; व्यंग्य में बिडंबना , व्यंग्य में क्रोध , व्यंग्य में ऊर्जा , व्यंग्य के सिद्धांत , व्यंग्य हास्य, व्यंग्य कला ; व्यंग्य विचार , व्यंग्य विधा या शैली , व्यंग्य क्या कला है ?
Thanking You .
Jaspur Ka Kukreti
Navigation
[0] Message Index
[#] Next page
[*] Previous page
Go to full version