Tourism in Uttarakhand > Religious Places Of Uttarakhand - देव भूमि उत्तराखण्ड के प्रसिद्ध देव मन्दिर एवं धार्मिक कहानियां
Folk Gods Of Uttarakhand - उत्तराखण्ड के स्थानीय देवी-देवता
Bhishma Kukreti:
Siduva-Biduva Gatha: Garhwali, Kumaoni Folklore of Seem-Mukheem
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Uttarkahnd-10
Religious, Spiritual and Mythological Folklores of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand – 10
Bhishma Kukreti
Siduva –Biduva gatha is part of Ramola gatha. The folk stories tell that Brahmkunvar was one o f sons of Devki. Kansh killed Brahmkunvar as soon as he took birth from Devki. Siduva and Biduva were his maternal uncle. The Uttarakhandi folklore appreciates the bravery and Bugsa vidya expertise of Siduva and Biduva. Siduva saved Brahmkunvar when Krishna sent Brahmkunvar to Naglok. The initiating chants of Siduva and Biduva are
कुमाऊं और गढ़वाल की लोक गाथाएँ -10
गढ़वाल कुमाऊं में सिदुवा और विदुवा (रमोला )गाथा
(सन्दर्भ :मूल -डा गोविन्द चातक , कुमाउंनी लोक गाथाएँ )
ए दीनानाथ प्रभु गरीब का मै बाप
प्रभु सभा बैठी रया यदुवंसी सभा
प्रभु सभा बैठी रया कृष्णज्यू की सभा
शिबौ रमोली का गढ़ सभा बैठि रया
जेठो भै सिदुवा , निकांसो बिदुवा
भगवान रामोलों को बाबु बूड गंगू रमोला
One day, Siduva informed that four months rainy season is over and Ashwin month has arrived. He told that the shepherd took their goats, bulls and caws from Goth to their villages and their animals are still in Goth. Siduva suggested Biduva to take domestic animals of Goth to Pyunli Bhabhar. Biduva suggested to take help of astrologer for taking new journey for animals. There was no auspicious date that Siduva and Bidua could take new journey of animals to Bhabhar. The astrologer also informed about Sadhe Sati Yog on both the brothers.
The brave Ramola came to his Ramoligarh. He was unhappy. His queen asked about his uneasiness. Brave Ramola told that due to non availability of auspicious date he is unable to visit Pyunli Bhabhar. The queen Bijumati also suggested not visiting Pyunli Bhabhar.
The brave Ramola did not listen. He took his animals and took them towards Pyunli Bhabhar. Both brothers were in dress. They kept an axe of Twenty two kilos. Understanding the inauspicious time, the queesn also went with the. Siduva Ramola was leading the herds of goat and sheep and Biduva was in last to take care of animals. They were also having twelve pair of dogs. Queesn Bijumati was taking the prince Baleshwar with her. They reached to Vijan forest. All were sleeping including the queen Bijumati and child Baleshwar. In night, the Ramola brothers left sleeping Bijumati and Baleshwar in Viju forestand started to go towards Bhabhar.
In morning, queen Bijumati saw that Siduva and Biduva left her and Baleshwar. She came back to Ramoligarh.
Siduva and Biduva reached to Ghanguli cave and they rested into the cave. Biduva went in search of water but did not return till evening due to loss of path. Siduva became worried for Biduva. Siduva left the herd under the supervision of dogs and went for searching Biduva.
When Siduva reached to Kanyali Patal he started playing flute. Due to flute music both the brothers met. Both the brothers came to their animal herd.
In later stage, Dwarikanath thought to diminish the proud of Ramolas. Krishna ordered his aid Kalu Bajir to win over Ramoligarh, Ramolas, and Bijumati. Ramolas were cursed for Sadhe sati and pride.
Kaluwa’s army reached to Ramoligarh. Bijumati started weeping and started saying abd words for Siduva and Biduva. The eighty years old king Gangu Ramola told her that he will fight with Kaluwa.
Gangu went with Cloud vessels and he threw Cloud on Kaluva. Kalu bajir saw that his army is dead and blood is flowing there. Kalu saw that Gangu was hiding behind Kharsu tree. Kalu killed Gangu with sword.
Child Baleshwar sensed that his grandfather was dead. He asked his mother for fighting with Kaluva bajir. Baleshwar advised his mother to hide under groove. Baleshwar kept Dharmshila, Pyunlas box, twelve Vidyayen on the groove for protection.
Baleshwar started fighting with the army of Kaluva. Baleshwar used Cloud weapon. However, Baleshwar was alone. Shankar an aid of Klau killed Baleshwar with big knife.
Baleshwar became Kafuva bird. Baleshwar as Kafuva bird went to Bhabhar and met Siduva and Biduva. Baleshwar informed about battle with kalu Bajir.
Siduva changed his dress and became Hudkya and came to Ramoligarh. With the help of twelve Shashtra-Vidya, Dharmshila, bokasd Vidya , Siduva generated fifty two hundred brave soldiers and fought with Kalu Bajir.
In folklore, Siduva is seen as friend of lord Krishna. In one of folklore, both Krishna and Siduva put Ghadyal in Anchhiyari region. Siduva played Damaru and Thali and Krishna danced.
Curtsey and references:
Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahity
Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity
Dr Siva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet
Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen
Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen
Dr Urbi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyan
Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan
Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen
Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Ravain)
Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal
Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday
Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 24/4/2013
Bhishma Kukreti:
Dev Mangal Gatha: Folklore of Budha Kedar (Garhwal, Kumaon)
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Uttarkahnd-11
Religious, Spiritual and Mythological Folklore of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand – 11
Bhishma Kukreti
The Jagar (an all night vigil for worshipping a divine being) of Dev Mangla (Devmngal) is a famous Jagar of Budha Kedar region (confluence of Balganga and Dharamganga rivers in Tihri Garhwal). The Dev Mangal Jagar is about the tale of a prince who became the victim of conspiracy from his own brothers.
Some stanzas of Dev Mangal Jagar are as under
कुमाऊं और गढ़वाल की लोक गाथाएँ -11
देवमंगाल गाथा (बुढ़ो केदार की लोकगाथा )
(सन्दर्भ : डा कृष्णा नन्द जोशी (रुपहले शिखरों के सुनहरे स्वर), एवं -कुसुम बुधवार , व्हेर गॉड्स ड्वेल )
साया सुरी मायापुरी जमोनौ भयौ
कौदिया ईसर को पुत्र भयौ
मैणा माई माता भयौ
तीन भयाला जनम्या
अगला आगलो देव मंगल बिध्वु जन्मो
पूरब राज्य लियो
सात बैणी देवी जनम्यौ
ढोगी पाठ लियो
बागासेरी भौज्यु
देव्म्न्गाल देवरा
राती अधा रात में देवरया भौज्या बैछ
उमीधर राणी लै देवरया भौज्या दिखायौ
उमौंध राणी लै उदैण थें घात करयो
उदैण दिवता तै रेस आई गयो
भोळ विवाय गेछ, तीन भयाला ब्यूँजी गया
उदैण मुदैण सभा बैठा
देव मंगला खेल माल लाग्यौ
मुदैण देवा बोली गयो
सतुर को छोरो कसिक मारुंलो
भयालो मारोख गोत्र हत्या लागलो
बागसरी मारुंलौ तिरया हत्या लागली
The queen Maina had three sons and seven daughters. Dev Mangla was youngest one among all. Udain and Mudain were elder brothers of Dev Mangla. Udain became highly envious by feeling the affection of his wife Bageshwari for Dev Mangal. Udain became enemy of his wife Bageshwari. Udain started thinking to kill both of them. However, Udain was in dual minds. Udain was afraid of woman killing sin (stree hatya Pap) for killing his wife and Gotr hatya sin by killing his own brother.
Therefore, both the elder brothers made strategies to kill Dev Mangal. Both told to Dev Mangal,” Let us visit Mal (Bhabhar) for collecting state taxes.” Both the elder brothers were sure that Dev Mangal would be lost in dense Bhabhar forest and wild animals would kill him. They were in centre of dense forest. Dev Mangal was going for morning ablutions. He asked his brothers to put fresh green leaves on the path that he was not lost in the forest and he would not take long. The culprit brothers Udain and Mudain placed fresh leaves on the path that went to deeper and wilder forest and they took other rout.
Dev Mangala reached safely Bhabhar with that path. Dev Mangala collected tax for twelve years. His elder brothers also returned their place without collecting any tax. Dev Mangla bought precious materials for his sister in law (Bageshwari). Seeing precious materials from Dev Mangal, both the brother became more spiteful or resentful.
In rainy season of Bhadaun three brothers went for hunting musk deer. They reached to Gori Ganga river bank. The river was full of water and its flow was very fearful. It was just to hug death by crossing Ggori Ganga at this period.
Sarcastically, both the elder brothers told to Dev Mangal that he can cross them the Gori Ganga River. Dev Mangal worshipped the goddess Ganga and Gori Ganga became water less. All three brothers crossed the river. To protect his elder brothers from cold, Dev Mangla prayed God and arranged stone as leaves.
One day, due to tiredness, Dev Mangal was in sound sleep. Udain and Mudain called him repeatedly but Dev Mangal did not awake. They thought he was dead and became happy. However, Dev Mangal awoke later on.
Finally, the elder brothers put a seed into water jug that was called sinful seed. By taking such water, the person was used to be out casted. Dev Mangal took that water and his elder brothers asked him to be out casted. Both the brothers left him in deep forest and ran away. Frustratingly, Dev Mangal cursed them and Udain- Mudain became stones.
When Dev Mangal forwarded his journey, he met with oppressing seven brothers Chyarmi and their fourteen servants. Dev Mangal went to the court priest of Chyarmiyon at Jagannath temple. Dev took sansyi dress from priest. Chyarmi saw the sanaysi and said, “Namo Narayan”. Jogi or sanyasi cursed them. Dev Mangal in the dress of Sanyasi killed each cruel Chyarmi and freed the subject from cruel rule of Charmi.
Dev Mangal took Sanyas and made the priest of Jangannath temple first disciple. In later stage, Dev Mangal got the status of deity in Najarkot (Budha Kedar). All Uttarakhandis worship Dev Mangal and perform Ghadela and sing the Jagar of Dev Mangal.
Curtsey and references:
Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahity
Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity
Dr Siva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet
Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen
Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen
Dr Urbi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan
Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan
Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen
Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Ravain)
Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal
Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday
Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends
Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 25/4/2013
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Uttarakhand to be continued…12
Religious, Spiritual and Mythological Folklore of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand to be continued…12
Bhishma Kukreti:
Kalbisht (Kal Bisht): The Folk Deity for Helping instantly
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Uttarkahnd-12
Religious, Spiritual and Mythological Folklore of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand – 12
Bhishma Kukreti
In every culture and civilization, there had been folk deities and goddesses helping their communities as a place T’u-ti of China is famous for protecting specific place as bridge, home, street etc. Bu-Dai or laughing Buddha is folk deities of Chinese culture and Vietnam who provides contentment and wealth. Yahweh was national deity to help people in Iron Age of Israel. Demeter is goddess of farmer in Greece mythology.
Kalbisht is one of Uttarakhandi folk deities and goddesses famous for instant help to devotees. It is said that people still listen the flute of Kalbisht and sound of walking buffalos of Kalbisht in meadows of Binsar and Pali Pachhaun (Kumaon) regions. It is believed that Kalbisht shows path in dense jungles.
There are temples of Kalbisht as in Gairad (Almora), Chinauni (Almora), The Kalbisht is also called ‘Dana Goll’ or the deity as Goll for justice. Kalbisht means the create images of a brave , gentle cattle herd owner having murli, Mochhang, Bansuri, Pakhai, Ramta, Ghungharvalon, Dantuli Kamli, Lakhma, Birali, Khnaua, Bhagua Rumeli, Dhumeli, Gai etc.
There are Jagars related to Kalbisht and few lines are as
कुमाऊं और गढ़वाल की लोक गाथाएँ -12
कलबिष्ट
[सन्दर्भ: डा प्रयाग जोशी , कुमाउनी लोक गाथाएँ- तृतीय भाग ]
कोट्यूड़ कलबिष्ट तेरो जनम को थान
रंगीलो महल छयो गोलपाटा छाजा
तेरी इजु रमौती बैणि छ जसौदा
तेरो बाबू रामसिंह बूबू जयसिंह
त्यर दूधपिन्या छुरीछ ऐड छ हत्यार
नाली छ दुनाली कल्याण कलबिष्ट
सौ भैंसी लैणी छ तेरी सौ भैंसी बाखड़ी
गै तेरी गुजरि बिश्नुली उसरि
तेरो बल्द चुनवां नागा -भागा भैंसी
ड्यौरी गों में होला तेरा बैरिया बैठियाँ
बैस भाई ड्योड़िया तेरो भीना छलिया
बैरी न रुन दिनाँ छोणछै जन्मै की थात
रतन कमली बनवारी बांसुरी
रंगधारी मुरली तेरी नौ सेर दातुली
The folklore states that Kotryud is the birth place of Kal Bisht. The father’s name of Kal Bisht (Kalbisht) was Jay Ram Singh and mother was Ramoti. He had big and marvelous place with great balconies. Kalbisht had large herds of caws and buffalos (Kharak). He used to take his herds to Binsar forest.
Due to enemies, Kalbisht had to leave his birth place and settled to Tarai Bhabhar (plains of Garhwal and Kumaon). One day, in Tarai Bhabhar, Kalbisht saw a dream that his buffalo herds are grazing in Binsar green grass land. Kalua (kal Bisht) told about his dream to his mother and told that he was visiting his birth place. His mother Ramoti told him that he should never thing about visiting his birth place as there were his enemies. Kalbisht refused to follow his mother’s advice and went to astrologer for auspicious day to leave for Binsar region. The astrologer showed inability to find any auspicious date in that year. However, the astrologer said that on that particular day or then sixteenth of Jeth were also auspicious days.
On sixteenth of Jeth month, Kalbisht started his journey with his large herds. His animals were putting bells. He started his journey from plains to hills. From there he reached to Gaulaghat through Haldwani, Kathgodam. Along with him Gaula Masan (a bad soul/spirit) also started to walk. Kalbisht defeated that Gaula bad spirit and made his slave. The Gaula Masan slave started helping Kalbisht.
Kalbisht crossed the steep hills of Ranibag and reached to Chandrika temple. Kalbisht worshipped Chandrika devi there for his cow/buffalo herds. Kalbisht reached to Almora. The women folks of shah of Almora were surprised to watch the cattle of Kalbisht.
From Almora, Kalbisht saw the grass land of Binsar; he was restless to reach green pasture of Binsar immediately. Kalbisht used to help everybody.
When he reached to Binsar meadows, his enemy became active and his own brother in law relative Bheena Lakhyodi (Himmat Singh ) killed him by beating a rod on his head deceptively. Kalbisht died immediately. Kalbisht was killed deceptively by his own people. However, people did not forget his helping nature of Kalbisht and people provided him deity ranks after his death. People worship Kalbisht and dance for his soul in Ghadela.
Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 26/4/2013
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Uttarakhand to be continued…13
Religious, Spiritual and Mythological Folklore of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand to be continued…13
Curtsey and references:
Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)
Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )
Dr Siva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet (Folk Songs and dances of Garhwal )
Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)
Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)
Dr Urbi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)
Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)
Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)
Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain)
Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)
Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday
Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends
Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm
Notes on folk deity of Uttarakhand famous for helping instantly; folk deity of Kumaon helping instantly; folk deity of Garhwal famous for helping instantly; folk deity of Almora famous for helping instantly; deity of Nainital helping instantly; folk deity of Udham Singh Nagar famous for helping instantly; folk deity of Pithauragarh helping instantly; folk deity of Champawat famous for helping instantly; folk deity of Bageshwar famous for helping instantly to be continued…
Bhishma Kukreti:
Airi/Aidi Devta: Folk Deity of Kumaon and Garhwal for Prosperity
गढ़वाल , कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी गाथा
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Uttarkahnd-13
Religious, Spiritual and Mythological Folklore of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand – 13
Bhishma Kukreti
There are a couple of sayings about Aidi a folk deity of Kumaon and Garhwal. By taking interview with Kumaoni women, Anjali Kapila (2004) states that Kumaoni women do not take milk at the time of menstruation because the deity Aidi would be angry. Aidi devta is god for protecting animals. According to gloriousindia.com, there is temple in Dhura Saungroli (Almora), there is an old temple of Aidi deity.
According to bedupako.wetpaint.com, Aidi is elite dressed deity of justice and is incarnation of Arjun.
According to gairsain-uttarakhand .blogspot.in , Aidi is Masan (people of Lord Shiva with the spiritual power).
As per Dinesh Chandra Baluni, when there is no ‘dosh ‘(curse) of Aidi deity the family becomes prosperous. There are description of army and Aidi riding on Dog vehicle in Aidi Jagar. The hands and feet of Aidi are supposed to be on back side and there are arrow and bow with Aidi. His dogs are with bells. A couple of stanzas of Aidi Jagar are as
कुमाऊं और गढ़वाल की लोक गाथाएँ -13
ऐड़ी देव गाथा जागर
(सन्दर्भ: डा गोविन्द चातक कुमाउंनी लोक गाथाएँ पृष्ठ )
ऐड़ी तेरी उत्पति कॉ होली ?
न तल्ली धरती , न मल्ली आकाश।
न पवन न पानी , न पशु न पखान
xx xx
राजा दशरथ कूना भया की
जै दिन मेरो एकलो जान छियो
तै दिन मै डाणाको शिकार करन छियो
मरयाँ मिरगन मै ल्युंन छियों
ताज़ी शिकार खाना छिंयों
xx xx
तब सोल सौ का ऐड़ी भूत बणी
इंद्र की सभा मा जाना छन
तब इंद्र राजा कादार में दोष लगायो
राजा इंद्र की गद्दी जो हलकण पैठी
तब बेद को बर्मा कुनूं भयो कि -
सुनो हे राजा इनर,
राजा दशरथ का बीस जोड़ा मारका
ऐड़ी भॊत बणी गया को तै दोष होलु
तब ऐड़ी की पूजा रचालै
Once, the king of Ayodhya, Dashrat was participating in a battle in support of Deities. His chariot became axis and his queen Kaikayi put her finger in the hole to make axis. Dashrath won the battle. Dashrath asked kaikayi to get var. Kaikayi told she would ask when time was proper.
Dashrath had gone for hunting. In evening he heard the sound of elephants taking water. Dashrath threw arrows on towards elephants the basis of sound. After some time Dashrath came to pond and found that his nephew Shravan was filling the vessel and was killed by his arrows. Dying Shravan said,”O hunter! My parents were thirsty and please offer them water.” Shravan died. King dashrath went to his parents with water. They did not take water but died. There was curse on Dashrath for killing his nephew. Dashrath melted his arrow and threw them into Ganges. However, one arrow was not melted. I fish gulped that arrow. The fisherman offered that fish to king Dashrath. King Dashrath was cutting the fish. The arrow inside fish wounded Dashrath.
The wound of Dashrath did not heal and he was just to die. Dashrath wanted to crown Rama as king of Ayodhya.
Dashrath saw that his two pairs of hunting dogs were thirsty and hungry as nobody paid attention. Dashrath showed his annoyance to his sons. Listening sharp words of his father, Rama and Lakshman went to jungle for hunting. They took pairs of dog with them.
Kaikayi reminded Dashrath that he was supposed to follow her two demands. Kaikayi demanded fourteen years forest life for Rama and crown for her son Bharat.
There in forest, dogs (those were gone with Rama and Lakshman) were roaming fast here and there in search of water as they all were very thirsty. There was fluid flowing from the root of sandal tree. Poisonous Snakes were surrounding sandal trunk and their poison was flowing from the sandal tree as water. The dog pair took that poisonous fluid understanding it water. Both the dogs died instantly.
Rama and Lakshmana came there and saw the dead dogs. Rama blessed them to go to Indralok in the form of Aidi so that they can enjoy in Idralok. Both the dogs reached to Indralok. However dogs had to curse there. Due to curse of dogs deities became lame. Guru Vrihaspati told to deities that there were no enjoyable materials for those dogs in the heaven (Idralok). The enjoyable food for Aidi was available only on the earth. Therefore, Indra sent them on the earth. Aidi likes living in dense and hill forests and established their livelihood there.
Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 27/4/2013
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Uttarakhand to be continued…14
Religious, Spiritual and Mythological Folklore of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand to be continued…14
Curtsey and references:
Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)
Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )
Dr Siva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet (Folk Songs and dances of Garhwal )
Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)
Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)
Dr Urbi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)
Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)
Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)
Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain)
Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)
Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday
Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends
Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm
Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women
गढ़वाल , कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर ,कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर , पिथौरा गढ़ कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर , द्वारिहाट कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर , बागेश्वर कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर
, अल्मोड़ा कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी ,नैनीताल कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर , उधम सिंह नगर कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर , व्यानधुरा कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर ,टनकपुर कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर
,चम्पावत -ललुवापानी कुमाऊं के लोक देवता ऐड़ी जागर श्रृंखला जारी ...
Bhishma Kukreti:
Kalsin (Kalchhin) Devta: The Kumaoni Garhwali Folk Deity for Protecting Farming and Cattle
गढ़वाल , कुमाऊं के लोक देवता कालसिण (कालछिन) गाथा (जागर )
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Uttarkahnd-14
Religious, Spiritual and Mythological Folklore of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand – 14
Bhishma Kukreti
The Kalsin (Kalchhin) Devta Jagar is very much common in Munsyari, Madkot, Bauna, Tiksain regions of district Pithoragarh of Kumaon. Kalsin (Kalchhin) deity is famous for protection of cattle, agriculture of devotees and bringing prosperity for devotees. Kalsin (Kalchhin) is brother of Goril/Gwill/Gwall. The Jagar starts from the prayer of Sarswati, descriptions of pilgrim places and court. The initial lines of Kalsin Jagar are as
कुमाऊं और गढ़वाल की लोक गाथाएँ -14
कालसिण (कालछिन) देवता जागर
(सन्दर्भ:डा कृष्णा नन्द जोशी , रुपहले शिखरों के सुनहरे स्वर )
जाग जाग दिवड़ी माता जागनी पूरी रात
सुण सुन कालछिन तुमरो भारत
यसो जाती भारत तुमारो साँचो छ कि झूठा
यो जाण यों सुण स्वामी माफ़ करी दिया
भूल बिसर को माफ़ करी दिया
कहो रघुनाथ स्वामी रास्ता दे बुझाई
को माता सरस्वती सत्य बात बोल
हरी चोरी दुवा चोरी सभा बैठी रैछ
धुनी का दीवान बैठा करड़ा बजीर
छोटा छरीदार बैठा होका भरीदार बैठा
बावन की की सभा बैठी नौहारी कचहरी
बडो दियो कालछिन तै बखत बुलाल
साल साल इजू माया तुरंत ज्युनार
आव आव सवार छोरी हमरनियिरा जाओ
तैलबार कालिका माता रसोई न्हगैछ
लसकनी खीर होली समना तो घिया
xx
(पिथौरागढ़ में प्रचलित कालसिण (कालछिन) देवता जागर; मुनस्यारी पिथौरागढ़ में प्रचलित कालसिण (कालछिन) देवता जागर; मदकोट पिथौरागढ़ में प्रचलित कालसिण (कालछिन) देवता जागर; टिकसैण पिथौरागढ़ में प्रचलित कालसिण (कालछिन) देवता जागर);
The court is on. The prime minister, ministers, judge and other elites are present in the court. The son of mother Kalika, the brother of Goril Kalsin (Kalchhin) is ready for going to court after dressing. In court, a couple of elites made strategies to insult Kalsin (Kalchhin). Binbhatt said that Kalsin (Kalchhin) is unmarried and was not suitable for honor. Kalsin (Kalchhin) could not bear the insult and d returned from court. Kalsin (Kalchhin) took renouncement (sanyas). Kalsin (Kalchhin) made Jogiya kundal (The ear ring of renounced person), Jholi (bag), Chimta, and saffron dresses.
After worshipping his mother Kalika, Kalsin (Kalchhin) travelled in all directions. Kalsin (Kalchhin) did not get mental peace anywhere. He left earth and travelled into sky, sun, air, cloud. Kalsin (Kalchhin) cursed the deceptive ministers of court and they became stones. Kalsin (Kalchhin) reached to Satyalok. Deities welcomed and honored to Kalsin (Kalchhin).
There in Devsthal, the five ministers were become stones. The people asked to astrologers for reasons of five ministers becoming stones. The astrologer told that it is because of the curse of Kalsin (Kalchhin). The astrologer advised to call Kalsin (Kalchhin) in Devsthal and beg the pardon from Kalsin (Kalchhin) for converting stones into ministers.
Binbhatt was sent to search Kalsin (Kalchhin). Binbhatt travelled everywhere. Binbhatt reached to Rasatal and found Kalsin (Kalchhin). After making many requests of Binbhatt, Kalsin (Kalchhin) became ready to go Devsthal. As soon as Kalsin (Kalchhin) reached Devsthal everybody became curse free. Later on sages arranged marriage of Kalsin (Kalchhin) Hinvala the daughter of Kaunda sage.
After some time, the minister started journey for Bhabhar without caring the auspicious date for starting the journey. All minister lost their wealth in gambling on the journey. They started living as slaves. They sent a letter with the help of a bird to Kalsin (Kalchhin). Kalsin (Kalchhin) came there. Kalsin (Kalchhin) won the all wealth of ministers in gambling with professional gamblers. Kalsin (Kalchhin) lived there for twelve years with those ministers. They earned a lot of wealth. They came back to Devsthal.
By chance, Hinvala wife of Kalsin (Kalchhin) was taking bath and due to first sun ray, she became pregnant. When Kalsin (Kalchhin) saw that his wife was pregnant, he took renouncement. He reached to Madkot (Pithoragarh) and became invisible forever.
Due to this, the region of Raigraja became wealth less or prosperity less. The astrologer advised to build the temple of Kalsin (Kalchhin). When priest was performing worship ritual for Kalsin (Kalchhin, the soul of Kalsin (Kalchhin) entered into body of Dangriya of Papdikot and he danced the on the Ghadela of Kalsin (Kalchhin). After the worship (Ghadela) of Kalsin (Kalchhin), the Raigraja region became wealthy and prosperous again.
Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 28/4/2013
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Uttarakhand to be continued…15
Religious, Spiritual and Mythological Folklore of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand to be continued…15
Curtsey and references:
Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)
Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )
Dr Siva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet (Folk Songs and dances of Garhwal )
Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)
Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)
Dr Urbi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)
Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)
Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)
Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain)
Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)
Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday
Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends
Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm
Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women
Notes on Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Pithoragarh; Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Munsyari Pithoragarh; Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Madkot Pithoragarh; Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Tiksain Pithoragarh; Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Walthi Pithoragarh; Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Bauna Pithoragarh; Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Lilam Pithoragarh; Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Bagudiyar Pithoragarh; Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Hiramani Udiyar Pithoragarh; Kalsin/Kalchhin Devta Jagar common in Barfu Pithoragarh .
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