MeraPahad Community Of Uttarakhand Lovers

 Tax Free Land or Jagir offering by  Sudarshan Shah

History of King Sudarshan Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 105
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 105
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1334
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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 As per custom in Garhwal Kingdom, the King was owner of whole land. The Shah Kings used to offer tax free land to state staffs (Jagir, Thokdari). Those Jagirdar used to offer land on tax basis to the actual land owners. Many times or commonly, Thaokdar used to appoint Padhan for a few villages that person used to collect taxes from farmers or real land owners and Padhans used to pay tax to Thokdar or Jagirdar. There were two types of Jagirdars those used to pay tax to the state and those did not pay tax Non tax paying Jagirdar were called Muafeedar .
        Sudarshan Shah offerd following free Jagir to following Muafidars (1) -
 Purohit Kriparam- 1000 Begha Near Khara or Hara , 1500 Beegha at Raywala
Cook Hiramani -Lalt Ganv, Dada Ganv , Lauri Ganv
Chopdar Kishan Singh - Keshar Singh came out from Shrinagar with Pradyumna Shah and Gorkha officials offred his jagir to Kamleshwar Temple.
Sudarshan Shah offered Jagir of Devdhunga to sons of Kishan Singh - Karna Singh nad Kripa.
Shivram Saklani- 6 villages of Khas Patti
Govind Singh Bisht - Nand ganv, Barsali and a couple of other villages
Munshi Chunni Lal- Diuli village of Faigul Patti
Mahant Harswarup og Guru Ram Rai darbar
   Most of the land was infertile and ruined condition. There were wild vegetation and wild animals in most of the said regions. The farmers were preferring British garhwal for settling than taking the land of Tehri for farming. However, slowly, the situation improved and farmers started settling, starting farming  there in above land and other regions of Tehri Kingdom (1).
References –
Dabral, Shiv Prasad, (1975), Uttarakhand ka Itihas bhag 6 , Veer Gatha Press, Garhwal India, page 134-35
2- Garhwal Magazine (reference by Dabral) 

Copyright@  Bhishma Kukreti, bjukreti@gmail.com
Tax free Land , land lords , History of Tehri Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Ghansali, Tehri Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Bhatwari ,  Uttarkashi Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Tehri, Tehri Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Rajgarhi Uttarkashi Garhwal;  Tax free Land , land lords , History of Narendranagar,  Tehri Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Dunda ,  Uttarkashi Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Dhantoli, Tehri Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Chinyalisaur Uttarkashi Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Pratapnagar , Tehri Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of  Mori, Uttarkashi Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Devprayaga, Tehri Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of  Puraula, Uttarkashi Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Jakhanikhal Tehri Garhwal; Tax free Land , land lords , History of Gangotri- Jamnotri Uttarkashi Garhwal to be continued …

Communication between British and King for Ravain

History of King Sudarshan Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 106
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 106
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1336
  By:  Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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  Dabral offers us the details of Ravain looters , British sending , cautioning Sudarshan Shah for taking against Ravain looters looting in nearby regions and creating law and order problems.  When the King security force used to enter into disturb region of Ravai, the looting elements used to hide and stop looting , disturbing acts. As soon King force used to return the unsocial elements used to restart their looting activities. (1)
 British decided sending troop in Ravain region . Lieutenant Ross establish a army troop camp in Ravain and the King got help in keeping law and order situation (2)
    English Pre Mutiny records  offer the information that Lieutenant Ross informed Commander  Metcalf that King has paid the amount of goods looted by Ravain looters and the King made assurance for improving law and order measures.
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References –
1-Dabral, Shiv Prasad, (1975), Uttarakhand ka Itihas bhag 6, Veer Gatha Press, Garhwal India, page 135-137
2- English Pre Mutiny records , Kumaun series 1 Garhwal Kingdom 1815 , 24 
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Looters of Ravain and British , History of Tehri Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Ghansali, Tehri Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Bhatwari ,  Uttarkashi Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Tehri, Tehri Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Rajgarhi Uttarkashi Garhwal;  Looters of Ravain and British , History of Narendranagar,  Tehri Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Dunda ,  Uttarkashi Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Dhantoli, Tehri Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Chinyalisaur Uttarkashi Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Pratapnagar , Tehri Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of  Mori, Uttarkashi Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Devprayaga, Tehri Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of  Puraula, Uttarkashi Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Jakhanikhal Tehri Garhwal; Looters of Ravain and British , History of Gangotri- Jamnotri Uttarkashi Garhwal to be continued …

 

Disputes of Sudarshan Shah with Saklani Family -2

History of King Sudarshan Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 109
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 108
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1338

  By:  Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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  By studying the above information (1)  , Dabral  concludes rightly that  initially, Sudrashan Shah did not have bad feeling for Shiv Ram Saklani. In 1816, Sudrashan Shah assured by a letter   fro gardner that he (Sudarshan Shah ‘ takes care froShiv Ram as his father King Pradymna used to keep care for Saklani family . Sudarshan  Shah informed Gardner that he was forgetting past misdeeds of Shivram. Sudrashan Shah wrote to Gardner that He was not against the will of his predecessors but just wanted proof from Shivram . The King Sudarshan Shah agreed Shivram Faily as Jagirdar of Tehri Riyasat. However, Shivram and later on Kashiram insisted fro being free entity under British rule but not under Tehri Riyasat.
  By showing separate  boundaries of Villages of Saklani jagir, by British officials, Shivram got proof for being a new ruler .In a lteer of 1st November 1816 , Trail mentions Saklani villages as ‘Riyasat’ for getting tax free status under Tehri Kingdom. .Shivram took advantageous by that word ‘Riyasat’ used by Trail.
British Empire sent Gardner to Nepal as ambassador in April 1916. Trail was acting as Commissioner of Kumaon. In 1917, British government appointed Trail as full time Kumaon commissioner and political agent of Governor General for Tehri Riyasat.
 Dabral illustrates that in 1917, Shivram caught a men accusing him for theft. Tehri King sent a letter to Trail that Sivram caught that man under conspiracy as the man was servant ot Tehri  Kingdom.  Trail sent letter to Shiv Ram tahat he should send all such criminal cases to his court for jurisdiction.  Shivram took advantage of that letter too that British taking his estate as separate kingdom.   

References –
1-English Pre Mutiny Records Kumaun , Saklani Apeal File No. 18-19 Vol.8
2-Dabral, Shiv Prasad, (1975), Uttarakhand ka Itihas bhag 6, Veer Gatha Press, Garhwal India, pages 138 to 145

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti, bjukreti@gmail.com
History of Tehri Garhwal; History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Ghansali, Tehri Garhwal; History of Bhatwari ,  Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Tehri, Tehri Garhwal; History of Rajgarhi Uttarkashi Garhwal;  History of Narendranagar,  Tehri Garhwal; History of Dunda ,  Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Dhantoli, Tehri Garhwal; History of Chinyalisaur Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Pratapnagar , Tehri Garhwal; History of  Mori, Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Devprayaga, Tehri Garhwal; History of  Puraula, Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Jakhanikhal Tehri Garhwal; History of Gangotri- Jamnotri Uttarkashi Garhwal to be continued …

Correspondences between Trail and Adam related to  Dispute of Sudarshan Shah with Saklanis
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Request Letter by Sudarshan Shah for acquiring Saklani Jagir (Khalsa Rule)
Dispute of Sudarshan Shah with Saklanis -3
History of King Sudarshan Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 111
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 108
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1340

  By:   Bhishma Kukreti[/color] (History Student)
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 Kshiram the nephew of late Shivram Saklani became the guardian of minor Hariram the son of Shivram Saklani.
 Sudarshan Shah wrote  a request letter  Trail (2) that  since , Shivram Saklani  was expired the British Government (Kumaon commissioner ) should grant permission to collect tax  from successors of Shivram Saklani on Jagir of Shivram Saklani or British Governemnt permit Sudarshan shah for ruling directly the villages of Jagir of Saklanis .
    Trail wrote to John Adam (secretary of Governor General) on 5th December 18181 as follows  (3) -
“ The  villages of Saklana, Athur, Diuri Talukas and villages – Kot Padiyar, Sunarganv come under Garhwal Kingdom those given as Jagir for services to Garhwal Kingdom by Shivram Saklani  at one condition that Shivram family would pay as tribute every year for Rs. Five Hundred. When Gorkha  took over Garhwal, Shivram escaped to plains. Gorkha declared the Jagir as Khalsa Jagir or free ruling region for Gorkha Rule. When British took over Garhwal from Gorkha, Frazer offered the Region to Shivram Saklani   as free Jagir. Till his life, Shivram enjoyed that Jagir as Free from tax land. After the death of Shivram Saklani, King Sudarshan Shah requested me for taking Saklani’s Jagir directly under the rule of Tehri  Kingdom (Khalsa) . Or the succssors of Shiram should pay tribute for Rs. 500 as was custom in Garhwal kingdom period (before Gorkha rule) . I did already call  the past orders and orders by Frazer from Hariram (the son of Shivram). I am enclosing translation of The Garhwal Kingdom orders and order by Frazer. The order by Frazer indicates that in return   of favourable services rendered by Shivram at the time of Gorkha-British conflicts , Frazer offered same regions as Free tax land to Shivram which he got from Garhwal kingdom in past. Those facts are clear that the King Sudarshan shah has right for taking tribute for Rs. 500 annually from successor of Shivram. Since, the land area is reduced I recommend to reduce tribute amount to Rs.200 annually for that land that was offered by Frazer to Shivram for prermant basis .
         Dabral (2) writes that after getting reply letter from John Adam, Trail wrote a letter to Sudarshan Shah on 9th April 1819 and 1st may 1819 stating that he (Trail) enquired from higher authority and Trail got order that the king had full authority for taking Saklani jagir and include into Kingdom (as Khalsa) or the King might offer Saklani Jagir as tax free land. As per Trail, British government did not wish to interfere into the matter. Trail sent letter of same subject to Hariram. 
In next chapter, there will discussion  about actions by Kashiram Saklani …
References
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1-English Pre Mutiny Records Kumaon, Saklani Appeal File No. 18-19 Vol.8
2-Dabral, Shiv Prasad, (1975), Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag 6, Veer Gatha Press, Garhwal India, pages 138 to 145
3-Letter by Trail to John Adam g 28 December, 1818 (from above Mutiny records)
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Kashiram  Saklani in fake Sadhu form

Dispute of Sudarshan Shah with Saklanis -5
History of King Sudarshan Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 113
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 113
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1342

  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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 Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral writes that it was said that when Kashiram was suspicious for getting ‘sanad’ /order from British authority he changed his dress and put on Sadhu dress. Dabral offers readers full details for acts by Kashiram for getting ‘sanad’ /order of title of Shivram Saklani in his name or as partner (2). It was said that he took resolution that he would return to their Garhwal only after getting ‘sanad’  . It was sadi that his minister (Mukhtyar ) Vilas Ray Koltari was with him for leaving his village. As per Dabral’s statement, they both walked whole night and reached Dehradun the British territory. Kashiram met Frazer in Delhi. .Frazer was second member of Board of Revenue. Kashiram got a couple of letters wherein his name (Kashiram) was with Shivram Saklani. After meeting with Frazer and getting letters from Frazer, Kashiram and his minister reached to Kolkata. Kashiram submitted an application in Persian and met Company secretary Sterling.
     Dabral (2) King Sudarshan shah came to know about movement of Kashiram. Sudarshan shah reached to Delhi in first part of 1824 and met Frazer a couple of times.  He could not get information whereabouts of Kashiram
 In that period, King started taking tributes from famrers directly  from the Jagir of Shivram. Kashiram returned and did appeal in Trail office against acts of King (taking tribute directly). Kashiram submitted new latters from Frazer where his name was there with Shivram. The dates of new appeal were same as old appeal but language of leteers submitted now was different. The matter reached to Governor General .Frazer was enquired by Governor General office. Sterling recognized corrected  the letter and appeal of Kashiram.
Frazer (11 May 1824) wrote to Trail that In his opinion the land (free of Tax) was given to Shivram should remain with Shivram family. Frazer further wrote that Shivram family (Kashiram etc) should respect the Crown and the Tehri King should be the ruler of said region (Saklani Jagir). Frazer stressed that there must be tax free Jagir for Shivram family. 
Read in next chapter about Order by Sterling .
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References –
1-English Pre Mutiny Records, Kumaon, Saklani Appeal File No. 18-19, Vol.8 ((Saklani Dispute letters , Trail to Sterling and letter from Sterling to trail)
2-Dabral, Shiv Prasad, (2009 , Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 6, (2nd  edition) Veer Gatha Press, Garhwal India, page 101, 102
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti, bjukreti@gmail.com
History of Tehri Garhwal; History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Ghansali, Tehri Garhwal; History of Bhatwari ,  Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Tehri, Tehri Garhwal; History of Rajgarhi Uttarkashi Garhwal;  History of Narendranagar,  Tehri Garhwal; History of Dunda ,  Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Dhantoli, Tehri Garhwal; History of Chinyalisaur Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Pratapnagar , Tehri Garhwal; History of  Mori, Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Devprayaga, Tehri Garhwal; History of  Puraula, Uttarkashi Garhwal; History of Jakhanikhal Tehri Garhwal; History of Gangotri- Jamnotri Uttarkashi Garhwal to be continued …