Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater, Community Rituals and Traditional Plays गढ़वा

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Mala or Ashirvad Laksana or Series of Offers   Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -130 

                                 गढ़वाली   लोक नाटकों में  आशीर्वाद /माला    लक्षण

                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)

             In drama, when for the purpose of accomplishing an object one (learned man) suggests to a person his many needs (may be filled) is called Mala or Ashirvad Laksana or Series of Offers   Characteristic Mark.
                           नाटक में आशीर्वाद / माला लक्षण की परिभाषा

शाश्त्र और मनोरथ के अनुसार शुभकामना देना या मांगने को नाटक में माला अथवा आशीर्वाद कहते हैं

                                           गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में आशीर्वाद /माला   लक्षण का उदाहरण 

पंडीजी - सौभाग्यवती भव ! पुत्रवती भव् ! पौत्रवती भव ! द्वी चार सौ रुपया दक्षिणा बामणु कीसाउंद बि !

(संदर्भ: गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों के  मुख्य तत्व व विश्लेषण लेख श्रृंखला में भीष्म कुकरेती द्वारा संकलित गढ़वाली  लोक नाटकों के वार्तालापों से , शैलवाणी, कोटद्वार  के 2014 के कई अंकों में )



 
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 2/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
 Xx
 Mala or Ashirvad Laksana or Series of Offers   Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays;   Mala or Ashirvad Laksana or Series of Offers   Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Mala or Ashirvad Laksana or Series of Offers   Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia;   Mala or Ashirvad Laksana or Series of Offers   Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Mala or Ashirvad Laksana or Series of Offers   Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia;   Mala or Ashirvad Laksana or Series of Offers   Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आशीर्वाद /माला   ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आशीर्वाद /माला   ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आशीर्वाद /माला  , हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आशीर्वाद /माला    ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आशीर्वाद /माला   ;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आशीर्वाद /माला   ;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आशीर्वाद /माला   ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आशीर्वाद /माला   ;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Kapat Samghat Laksana or Multiple Deceits Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -131 

                                 गढ़वाली   लोक नाटकों में  कपट संघात लक्षण

                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)

         When in a drama, two or three stratagems are applied together it is called Kapat Samghat Laksana or Multiple Deceits Characteristic Mark.

                             नाटक में कपट संघात लक्षण की परिभाषा

दो या तीन छल कपट युक्त बचन बोलकर दूसरे को बस में करने को नाटक में कपट संघात लक्षण कहा जाता है। 
                                           गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में  कपट  संघात लक्षण का उदाहरण 

रामलीला का एक वार्तालाप -

मंथरा कैकयी से -महारानी ! महाराज दशरथ कामी छन , कान का कच्चा छन ; कौशल्या प्रेमी छन , भुल्लकड़ छन।  आज ही राम वनवास कु वचन मांगो।


(संदर्भ: गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों के  मुख्य तत्व व विश्लेषण लेख श्रृंखला में भीष्म कुकरेती द्वारा संकलित गढ़वाली  लोक नाटकों के वार्तालापों से , शैलवाणी, कोटद्वार  के 2014 के कई अंकों में )


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 4/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
 Xx
 Kapat Samghat Laksana or Multiple Deceits Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays; Kapat Samghat Laksana or Multiple Deceits Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Kapat Samghat Laksana or Multiple Deceits Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Kapat Samghat Laksana or Multiple Deceits Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Kapat Samghat Laksana or Multiple Deceits Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Kapat Samghat Laksana or Multiple Deceits Characteristic Mark   in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Kapat Samghat Laksana or Multiple Deceits Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में , हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में   ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में ;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में ;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  ;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -132 

                                 गढ़वाली   लोक नाटकों में   लक्षण

                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)
 A long speech with many subjects in a drama is called Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark.
                             नाटक में भासन लक्षण की परिभाषा

नाटक  लम्बा वक्तव्य  कई योजनाओं को एक साथ बतलाने को भासन कहते हैं
                                           गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में  भासन  लक्षण का उदाहरण 

नेता  की नकल  का बच्चों द्वारा खेला गया लोक नाटक -

नेता - आपक इख पिजा अर चाउ माउ की दूकान हूण चयेंद , तीज त्यौहारों मा संस्कृति बचाणो बान स्वाळ पक्वड़ बणन चएंदान , राशनम ग्युं मिलण चयेन्दन   इलै मि तैं बोट द्यावो।

(संदर्भ: गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों के  मुख्य तत्व व विश्लेषण लेख श्रृंखला में भीष्म कुकरेती द्वारा संकलित गढ़वाली  लोक नाटकों के वार्तालापों से , शैलवाणी, कोटद्वार  के 2014 के कई अंकों में )

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 5/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
 Xx
 Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays; Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark   in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark
  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Bhashan Laksana or Long Speech Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में भासन लक्षण ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में भासन लक्षण ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में भासन लक्षण, हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में भासन लक्षण  ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में भासन लक्षण;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में भासन लक्षण;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में भासन लक्षण; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  भासन लक्षण;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -133 

                                 गढ़वाली   लोक नाटकों में   लक्षण

                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)
          When in a drama, a person or object has many qualities and is described by many qualities is called Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark.
                 नाटक में गुणकीर्तन लक्षण की परिभाषा

भिन्न भिन्न विविध गुण  व्यक्ति /पदार्थ  हों।  उन व्यक्तियों /पदार्थों  का नाम लेकर वर्णन  नाटक में गुणकीर्तन कहते हैं
                     गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में गुणकीर्तन   लक्षण का उदाहरण 

गुरु शिष्य से - पुत्र नथु  ! भृगु ऋषियुं  धरती ,  भड़ माधो सिंग की कर्मभूमि , रामी बौराणी जन नार्युं धर्मभूमि च यु गढ़वाल !

(संदर्भ: गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों के  मुख्य तत्व व विश्लेषण लेख श्रृंखला में भीष्म कुकरेती द्वारा संकलित गढ़वाली  लोक नाटकों के वार्तालापों से , शैलवाणी, कोटद्वार  के 2014 के कई अंकों में )


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 7/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
 Xx
Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays; Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Gunkirtan Laksana or Merits Description Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में गुणकीर्तन   लक्षण ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में गुणकीर्तन   लक्षण ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में गुणकीर्तन   लक्षण, हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  गुणकीर्तन   लक्षण ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में गुणकीर्तन   लक्षण;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में गुणकीर्तन   लक्षण ;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में गुणकीर्तन   लक्षण; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में गुणकीर्तन   लक्षण ;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Akhyan Laksana or Narration Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -134 

                                 गढ़वाली   लोक नाटकों में   लक्षण

                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)

              When in a drama, an event is narrated without asking or on request; such characteristic is called Akhyan Laksana or Narration Characteristic Mark.
                         नाटक में आख्यान लक्षण की परिभाषा
 किसी के पूछने या बिना पूछे घटित हुयी बात के वर्णन  नाटक  आख्यान कहते हैं।

               गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में  आख्यान  लक्षण का उदाहरण 

रौंपालु - अरे आज मि ब्यणसरिक से पैली उठ अर ग्वाठम ही बल्द जोति देन।  पता नि कथगा पुंगड़ जोति होला कि सुबेर ह्वै तो क्या दिखुद कि   ……

(संदर्भ: गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों के  मुख्य तत्व व विश्लेषण लेख श्रृंखला में भीष्म कुकरेती द्वारा संकलित गढ़वाली  लोक नाटकों के वार्तालापों से , शैलवाणी, कोटद्वार  के 2014 के कई अंकों में )


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 8/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
 Xx
 Akhyan Laksana or Narration Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays; Akhyan Laksana or Narration Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Akhyan Laksana or Narration Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Akhyan Laksana or Narration Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Akhyan Laksana or Narration Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Akhyan Laksana or Narration Characteristic Mark   in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Akhyan Laksana or Narration Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आख्यान  लक्षण ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आख्यान  लक्षण ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आख्यान  लक्षण, हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आख्यान  लक्षण  ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आख्यान  लक्षण;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आख्यान  लक्षण;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आख्यान  लक्षण ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  आख्यान  लक्षण;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -135 

                                 गढ़वाली   लोक नाटकों में   लक्षण

                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)
In a drama, when a fault is connected with positive characteristics is called Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark.

           नाटक में परिवेदन लक्षण की परिभाषा

जब एक बात के संबंध में बताये गए दोष दूसरी प्रसिद्द बात के साथ जोड़े जाते हैं तब असंगत संबंध जोड़ने की उस क्रिया को पपरिवेदन कहते हैं।
            गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में परिवेदन  लक्षण का उदाहरण 

ठीक च नारयण दत्त तैं राजभवन से बुरु चरित्र कु कारण भैर जाण पोड़ , बुड्यान्द दैं अपण नौनु तैं स्वीकार कार पर फिर बि वु द्वी प्रदेश का मुख्यमंत्री त छैँचा कि ना ? त नारायण दत्त तैं उत्तराखंड रत्न मिलण ही चयेंद। 

(संदर्भ: गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों के  मुख्य तत्व व विश्लेषण लेख श्रृंखला में भीष्म कुकरेती द्वारा संकलित गढ़वाली  लोक नाटकों के वार्तालापों से , शैलवाणी, कोटद्वार  के 2014 के कई अंकों में )

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 10/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
 Xx
 Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays; Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Parivedan Laksana Characteristic Mark in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में परिवेदन  लक्षण ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में परिवेदन  लक्षण ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में परिवेदन  लक्षण, हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में परिवेदन  लक्षण  ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में परिवेदन  लक्षण;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में परिवेदन  लक्षण;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में परिवेदन  लक्षण; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में परिवेदन  लक्षण ;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

 Types of Garlands in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -136 
                             
                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)

                गढवाली लोक नाटकों में मालाएं 


             The drama is not just the dialogues and dialogue deliveries but about Costumes and Make Up too.
  The folk drama in Garhwali culture is not limited to dramas in stage but in all cultural acts too. Therefore there are various ornaments wore by players.
                                     Garlands

 In Folk Garhwali dramas, there are five types of garlands –
1-Encircling Garland
2-Spread Up
3-Grouped
4-Tied round
5-Hung down
 The Garlands are made of –
Metal –Gold, Silver, Iron, Copper or mixed
Wood or dead plat parts
Cotton 
Animal Parts such as nails /paws of tigers etc
Flowers
Plant leaves

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 11/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
 Xx
  Garlands in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays;   Garlands in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Garlands in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Garlands in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Garlands in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Garlands in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Garlands  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Garlands in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में मालाएं  ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में मालाएं ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में मालाएं, हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में मालाएं  ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में मालाएं;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में मालाएं;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में मालाएं ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में मालाएं ;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

                          Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -137 
                             
                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)
                  गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में आभूषण
              There are four types of Ornaments put on in Garhwali folk Dramas –
1-Piercing the Limb Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas
2-Tied up ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas
3-Worn Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas
4-Put around Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas
           Ornaments of Males in Garhwali Folk Dramas
  Head- Crest Jewels, Crown etc
Ear Ornaments-Ear Rings (Murkhal, Kundal), Mocaka (Ear Pendant),Erar Top etc
Neck Ornaments- Various Necklace, and Sutra or threads
Finger Ornaments- Finger Rings,Katka-Vatika
Forearm Ornaments-Hastavi and Valaya
Wrist Ornaments-Bracelet and Uccitika
Ornaments above Elbow-Armlet and Arm-Band
Breast Ornaments- Sting Necklace
Suspended necklace, garlands,
Waste Ornaments-Tarala, Sutra
Ornaments of Ankals (specialy in Ram Lila and put up at time of Rituals or due to  Mantra)




Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 12/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
 XX
Ornaments  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays;   in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ornaments  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Ornaments  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आभूषण ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आभूषण ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आभूषण, हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आभूषण  ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आभूषण;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आभूषण;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में आभूषण ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  आभूषण;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

               Female Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -138 
                             
                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)
                  गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में  महिला  आभूषण
                The names of various ornaments change time to time as per the fashion in Garhwali too. Therefore the names would be provided in Sanskrit.

          The Female Head Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas
Shikhpasha
Shishjal
Shishful
Makarika
Shirsajal
Tilak/ Bindi

The Female Ear Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas
Kundal
Murkhal
Shikhipatra
Karnika
Karnpatra
Karnavalaya
Patrakarnika
Karnamudra
Karnotkilaka
Karnpura

The Female Neck Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Gulbanda
Hansuli
Mala /Sutra
 Mangalsutra

The Female Breast Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas
Various chains etc

The Female Arm Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Angada
Valaya (Chudi, Kangan etc)
Varjura
Svecchitika

The Female Finger Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas

Kataka
Kalashakha
Hastapatra
Supuraka
Mundari

The Female Hip Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas
Kanchi
Kulaka
Mekhala
Rashana
Kalapa
The Female Ankle Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Dramas
Nupura
Kinkini
Padpatra
Toe rings and ornaments
Various decorative colour works on ankle and arm etc

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 17/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
 XX
    Female Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays; Female Ornaments  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Female Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Female Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Female Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Female Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Female Ornaments   in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Female Ornaments in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में महिला  आभूषण ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में महिला  आभूषण ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में महिला  आभूषण, हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  महिला  आभूषण ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में महिला  आभूषण;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में महिला  आभूषण;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में महिला  आभूषण; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  महिला  आभूषण;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

        Classification of   Musical Instruments of Garhwali Folk Dramas

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -139 
                             
                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)

   There are various musical instruments used in Garhwali folk dramas.
 The folk musical instruments of Garhwal are divided by many ways as -
1-Swara Vadya or Tone related musical instruments- These instruments create Swaras or tones.
2-Tal Vadya or Rhythm making musical Instruments
 Garhwali Folk musical instruments could be divided as per the materials used for making musical instruments as-
Leather
Copper or metal
Wood
Strings
Compound
 The old age way of classification classifies  musical instruments of Garhwali folk dramas into four groups-
 1-Chordo –Phonic Musical Instruments
2-Aero-phonic Musical Instruments
3-Idio-Phonic Musical Instruments
4-Membreno-Phonic Musical Instruments
Usually, these instruments were made by local coppersmiths barring Dhol etc .


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 19/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
                 References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
13-Manorama Sharma, Tribal Melodies of Himachal Pradesh: Gaddi Folk Music
 XX
Classification of   Musical Instruments used  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays; Classification of   Musical Instruments used    in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Classification of   Musical Instruments used  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Classification of   Musical Instruments used  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Classification of   Musical Instruments used  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Classification of   Musical Instruments used  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia;    Classification of   Musical Instruments used  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Classification of   Musical Instruments used  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  वाद्य यंत्र ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  वाद्य यंत्र ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  वाद्य यंत्र , हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  वाद्य यंत्र  ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  वाद्य यंत्र;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  वाद्य यंत्र;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  वाद्य यंत्र; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  वाद्य यंत्र ;