Author Topic: Haridwar: Where Lord Vishnu Resides - जहाँ बसते हैं हरि: हरिद्वार  (Read 28788 times)

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यह मां गंगा जी की सायंकाल की आरती का दृश्य है....आरती में सम्मिलित होने पर ऎसा एह्सास होता है, जो शब्दों में व्यक्त नहीं किया जा सकता...आनंद परम आनंद

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Haridwar
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Uttarakhand • India   Haridwar 
Coordinates: 29°35′N 78°08′E / 29.58, 78.13
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Area
• Elevation
• 249.7 m (819 ft)
• Pincode  249403
• Telephone  +01334
Website: http://haridwar.nic.in

Haridwar (also spelled Hardwar, Hindi: हरिद्वार) pronunciation (help·info)) is a holy city and municipal board in the Haridwar District of Uttarakhand, India. In Hindi, Haridwar stands for Gateway to God, with 'Hari' meaning god and 'dwar' meaning gate. Haridwar is regarded as one of the seven holiest places to Hindus.

According to Hindu mythology, Haridwar is one among the four sites where drops of the elixir of immortality, Amrita, accidentally spilled over from the pitcher, in which it was being carried away by the celestial bird Garuda. These four spots -- Ujjain, Haridwar, Nasik, and Allahabad -- have today become places, where the Kumbha Mela is celebrated once every 3 years in any of these 4 places and after a period of 12 years, the Maha Kumbha Mela is celebrated on the 12th year at Prayag in Allahabad. Millions of pilgrims, devotees, and tourists congregate here from all over the world to celebrate the event. They perform ritualistic bathing on the banks of the river Ganga.

The spot where the nectar fell is considered to be the Brahma Kund at Har-ki-Pauri (literally, "footsteps of the Lord," and symbolically the footprints of the Amrita), the most sacred ghat of Haridwar; thousands of devotees and pilgrims flock here during festivals or snan from all over India to take a holy dip. This act is considered to be the equivalent of washing away one's sins to attain Moksha.


A paradise for nature lovers, Haridwar presents a kaleidoscope of Indian culture and civilisation. The followers of Lord Shiva (Har) and followers of Lord Vishnu (Hari) call this place Hardwar and Haridwar respectively.[citation needed] It is also a point of entry to Dev Bhoomi and Char Dham (the four main centers of pilgrimage in Uttarakhand viz. Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri, and Yamunotri).

Archaeological findings have proved that terra cotta culture dating between 1700 BCE and 1200 BCE existed in this region.[citation needed] Though first written evidence of Haridwar is found in the accounts of a Chinese traveller, Huan Tsang, who visited India in 629 AD. [2]

The legendary King Bhagirath is said to have brought the river Ganga down from heaven to earth in order to provide salvation to his ancestors. Lord Vishnu is said to have left his footprint on the stone that is set in the upper wall of Har-Ki-Pauri, where the Holy Ganga touches it at all times.

 Being one of the oldest living cities, Haridwar finds its mention in the ancient Hindu scriptures as it weaves through the life and time stretching from the period of the Buddha, to the more recent British advent. Haridwar has a rich and ancient religious and cultural heritage. It still has many old havelis and mansions bearing exquisite murals and intricate stonework.

The headworks of the Ganga Canal system are located in Haridwar. The Upper Ganga Canal was opened in 1854 after the work began in 1840, prompted by the famine of 1837-38. The unique feature of the canal is the half-kilometre-long aqueduct over another river at Roorkee, which raises the canal 25 metres above the original river.
Haridwar has been an abode of the weary in body, mind and spirit. It has also been a centre of attraction for learning various arts, science, and culture. The city has a long-standing position as a great source of Ayurvedic medicines and herbal remedies and is home to the unique Gurukul school of traditional education.

Haridwar already has a temple of modern civilization, BHEL, a 'Navratna PSU' to its credit. The Roorkee University at Roorkee, now IIT Roorkee, is one of the oldest and most prestigious institutes of learning in the fields of science and engineering. Another university of the district, Gurukul Kangri, which has a vast campus, gives traditional education of its own kind.

Many Government administration offices like Lok Sewa Ayog and Sanskrit Academy are established here. Prior to its inclusion in the newly created state of Uttarakhand, this district was a part of Saharanpur Divisional Commissionary.

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हर-हर गंगे


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भारत माता मंदिर


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मंसा देवी



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हरिद्वारे कुशावर्ते, नीलके बिल्व पर्वते।
स्नात्वा कनखले तीर्थे, पुनर्जन्म न विद्यते॥


हर की पैड़ी, कुशावर्त, नीलधारा, कनखल और बिल्व पर्वत पर स्नान करने से पुनर्जन्म नहीं होता।

आज से लगभग २०५५ वर्ष पूर्व (५७ ई०पू०) में अवन्तिका (उज्जैन) के राजा भृतहरि अपना राज-पाट अपने छोटे भाई विक्रमादित्य को सौंपकर तप करने के लिये हरिद्वार आ गये थे और तप करते ही वे ब्रह्मलीन हो गये थे। राजा विक्रमादित्य ने अपने भाई की स्मृति में ब्रह्मकुंड तक पहुंचने के लिये पैड़ियों का निर्माण करवाया। कालान्तर में ब्रह्मकुंड ही हर की पैड़ी के नाम से विख्यात हो गया।
     स्कंद पुराण में हरिद्वार को मायापुरी भी कहा गया है, कुछ लोगों के अनुसार मय दैत्य की निवास स्थली होने के कारण इसे मायापुरी कहा जाता है, किवदंती यह भी है कि महामाया सती की नाभि यहां गिरने के कारण इस क्षेत्र को माया क्षेत्र कहा जाता है। एक और किवदंति है कि भगवान शिव ने अपनी माया से दक्ष प्रजापति को पुनः जीवित कर दिया था, इसलिये इसे मायापुरी कहा गया।
     आदिकाल में कपिल ऋषि का आश्रम यहां होने के कारण इस स्थान को "कपिला" भी कहा जाता था। तैमूर लंग के साथ आये (१३९९)इतिहास्कार शर्फुद्दीन ने हरिद्वार को कायोपिल या कपिला ही कहा है।
       ६३४ ई० में चीनी यात्री ह्वेनसांग ने हरिद्वार का उल्लेख "मो-यू-लो" के नाम से किया है।
      अबुल फजल ने आइने अकबरी में लिखा है कि "माया को ही हरिद्वार के नाम से जाना जाता है" यूरोपियन यात्री टाम कार्बेट ने भी इस क्षेत्र को कैपिटल आफ शिवा कहा है।

 

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