Uttarakhand > Uttarakhand History & Movements - उत्तराखण्ड का इतिहास एवं जन आन्दोलन
History of Gorkha Rules over Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh
Bhishma Kukreti:
Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah: Who Used Diplomacy for Gorkha Kingdom Extension
History of Gorkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -5
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -524
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah (1697-1743)
Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah (1697-1743) was grandson of Prtithvi Pati Shah, son of Bir Bhadra shah and father of Pritvi Narayan Shah.
Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah was ambitious and courageous King.
The Nepal region was divided in three Kingdoms – Bhadgaon, Patan and Kathumandu. The Kings of those Kingdoms were from same blood link. However, they used to fight for pity matters too.
Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah initiated the strategy for capturing Nepal Kingdoms under Gorkha Kingdom.
Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah increased armed forces and used various diplomatic tactics for capturing other territories.
Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah had marriages of his family members with the King families of Parvat, Khanchi, Palpa and Tanhu.
After preparation, he attacked to Nuvakot. Nuvakot army defeated Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah army. Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah blamed to his Army Chief Jay Prakash Mall for the defeat and exiled him. Jay Prakash Mall took asylum under Kathmandu King. Kathmandu King helped Nuvakot Kingdom in the battle. Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah had treaty with Bhadgaon King that was enemy of Kathmandu King. Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah sent his ten years old son Prtithvi Narayan Shah to Bhadgaon to live there. Prithvi Narayan Shah took full knowledge of Bhadgaon.
Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah decided to marry his son Prithvi Narayan Shah with daughter of Hemkaran Sen the Makwanpur Kingdom King. Makwanpur was at strategic territory to circle Nuvakot and Kathmandu Kingdoms. However, after marriage, Hemkarn Sen refused to sned his daughter to Gorkha Land.
Angered Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah married his son Prithvi Narayan Shah with daughter of Ahiman Singh of Banras Jil. Later on Gorkha King Nara Bhupal Shah married his other two sons with daughters of Ahiman Singh family.
Those diplomatic tactics became powerful tool for Prithvi Narayan Shah for extending Gorkha Kingdom.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 29/12/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -525
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX
Reference
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021
XX
History of Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Nainital, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Almora, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Champawat, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh;
स्वच्छ भारत ! स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत
Bhishma Kukreti:
Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah: First King of Unified Nepal
History of Gorkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -6
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -525
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
Prithvi Narayan Shah (1743-10January 1775) was born in 1723 and coroneted in 1743. At the same time his father in law the King of Makwanpur invited Prithvi Narayan to take his wife (daughter of Makwanpur King) . Prithvi Narayan reached to Makwanpur. However, Pritvi Narayan created conflict there for a pity matter. Prithvi Narayan Shah returned without wife.
Attack on Nuvakot
Returning without wife, Prithvi Narayan was feeling insulted. He sent his army chief Biraj Thapa with big army for capturing Nuvakot. Nuvakot army defeated Gorkha army. Rattled with defeat, Prithvi Narayan sent another force under Maheshwar Pant. There was competition between Thapa and Pant to defeat Nuvakot. Nuvakot army generals were devoted to their Kingdom and wisely they defeated both the Gorkha army.
Collection of Arms and Ammunition by Prithvi Narayan Shah
Getting defeat from Nuvakot, Prithvi Narayan was forced to pay attention on his force, arms and ammunition and strategies.
In the mean time, Rohilla captured Kumaon. Till then, Hill Kingdoms were supposed to be unwinnable by army from plains. The stories about weakness of Kumaon and looting by Rohillas spread all over Hill regions.
It was known that Rohillas used guns and gun powders taken from British people. The Christian missionaries and tourists from Varanasi also told to people of Gorkha that British guns are more lethal than conventional weapons.
Prithvi Narayan handed over the Kingdom to his confident minister Kalu Pande and came to Varanasi with his aids. There with the help of his father in law Ahiman Singh and a Avsthi sage, Prithvi Narayan Shah purchased gun powder and guns in ample quantity and came to Gorkha. He got trained his men for gun powder arms. He opened to factories for manufacturing gun powder and guns in Gorkha land. The trainers Sheikh Jabar, Muhmmad Takki, Bhairav Singh were called from plains. They trained Gorkha army for using guns etc.
Prithvi Narayan Shah made army training for every male citizen compulsory.
Read more about Prithvi Narayan Shah in next chapter….
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 31/12/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -526
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX
Reference
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021
XX
History of Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Nainital, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Almora, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Champawat, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh;
स्वच्छ भारत ! स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत
Bhishma Kukreti:
History of Gorkha Prithvi Narayan Shah capturing Nuwakot
History of Gorkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -7
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -526
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah was bent to capture Nuvakot. Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah was aware about Kaski , Lumjung, Tanhu and Palpa Kingdoms could help Nuvakot. Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah created cordial relations with those Kingdom Kings.
After having cordial relations with the above Kingdom, Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked Nuwakot in1744 from three sides. Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah army defeated Nuwakot army and destroyed Nuwakot.
Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah ordered to de-skin his ex- army chief Jayant Rana (who took asylum in Nuwakot). Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah suppressed the people with cruel means.
Nuwakot had defense and economic importance for Gorkha Kingdom. After capturing Nuwakot, Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah closed the commercial road from Kathmandu to Tibet.
Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah built a palace in Nuwakot.
Read more about Prithvi Narayan Shah in next chapter….
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 1/1/2015
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -527
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX
Reference
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021
XX
History of Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Nainital, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Almora, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Champawat, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh;
स्वच्छ भारत ! स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत
Bhishma Kukreti:
Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah Punishing and Murdering Jaisi Brahmins
History of Gorkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -8
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -527
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
After winning Nuwakot, Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah planned to win over Kathmandu. Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah did not attack directly on Kathmandu. Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah took diplomatic uses to disturb Kathmandu. Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah created rifts between Kathmandu King Jay Prakash Mall and his officers. Jay Prakash Mall sentenced death penalty for his many officers without finding the realities. After knowing the facts, Jay Prakash Mall decided to capture the son of Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah in Nuwakot through Jaisi Brahmins. Knowing the conspiracy of Jaisi Brahmins, Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah sentenced death penalty for Jaisi Brahmins.
Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah also deprived Jaisi Brahmins from Brahminship. From that time, Jaisi Brahmins did not perform the job of Purohitai. People stopped Saluting (Pay Lagun) Jaisi communities as was the custom for saluting to Brahmins. King did not us to sentence death punishment to Brahmin. However, now Jaisi Brahmins were sentenced death as punishment too.
Read more about Prithvi Narayan Shah in next chapter….
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 2/1/2015
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -528
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX
Reference
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021
Xx
History of Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Nainital, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Almora, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Champawat, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh;
स्वच्छ भारत ! स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत
Bhishma Kukreti:
Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah betraying Tanhu King
History of Gorkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -9
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -528
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
The kings of Chaubisi regions were feeling heat by the winning spree of Prithvi Narayan Shah. When Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked and won over Nuwakot, the Tanhu king sent his emissary to Kathmandu King. Tanhu King proposed a collective group to meet the challenges of Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah.
Tanhu King helped Parbat and Lumjang Kingdom when they fought with Prithvi Naran army in 1775 in Singhan chauk battle.
Prithvi Narayan Shah took deceptive strategy to finish Tanhu. The Rajguru of Tanhu was also well wisher of father of Prithvi Narayan and Guru Gaureshwar pant blessed his father. . Prithvi Narayan Shah had dialogue with Gaureshwar Pant the Rajguru of Tanhu Kingdom about treaty with Tanhu King. Tanhu King believed on Prithvi Narayan Shah. Tanhu king went to see Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah. Soldiers of Prithvi Narayan Shah hid weapons below sand. When Tanhu King and Prithvi Narayan were meeting, the soldiers of Prithvi Narayan Shah caught Tanhu King and made him captive.
Prithvi Narayan also sent Gaureshwar Pant on exile.
Defeat of Prithvi Narayan Shah in Kirtipur
Kirtipur Kingdom had strategic position in Nepal regions. In May 1757, Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked on Kirtipur. Kirtipur defeated Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah. Kirtipur army killed able Gorkha Prime Minister Kalu Pande and huge numbers of Gorkha soldiers. Prithvi Narayan Shah had to flee from battle field in night. Kirtipur made huge loss of arms and ammunitions and soldiers.
Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah did not act much for two three years due to huge losses in battle with Kirtipur.
Read more about Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah in next chapter….
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 3/1/2015
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -529
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX
Reference
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021
XX
History of Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Nainital, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Almora, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Champawat, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh; History of Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Gorkha Rule over Himachal Pradesh;
स्वच्छ भारत ! स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत
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