Author Topic: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)  (Read 234275 times)

Bhishma Kukreti

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Viceroy Lord Irwin arriving Dehradun

History of Tehri King Narendra Shah -39
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 2301   
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1478

By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)

 Chakradhar Juyal lost his image very badly due to Ravain Incidents. However, within short period Chakradhar Juyal got chance to wash out his bad image at least up to certain extent. (3).
  Viceroy Lord Irwin and his wife started their journey from Shimla to Dehradun on second week of October 1930. Irwin reached there at Arakot in evening and stayed at Forest Guest House.  Arakot was under Tehri Kingdom. In the absence of the King, Chakradhar Juyal welcomed the Viceroy on behalf of the kingdom. The nearby villagers also gathered there to see the Viceroy.  Diwan Chakradhar Juyal was a wise man and he managed the people and viceroy in such way that Viceroy delivered a small speech before the people in happy mood. Viceroy told to people that He was happy that the villagers had faith on the King and he appreciated the subject (1).
 There was photo session and Juyal was photographed with the Viceroy. Viceroy offered Juyal a with gold plated armlet cloth. Chakradhar Juyal got back his strong administrator image because of Viceroy appreciating Juyal too. (2) 
References
1-Juyal- Diwan Chakradhar Juyal p 75
2- Juyal- Diwan Chakradhar Juyal p 76
3 Dabral S.P.,, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 2 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page  48
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Bhishma Kukreti

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Narendra Shah  cancelling  Balance tax from the citizens
History of Tehri King Narendra Shah -40
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 2302   
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1479
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
 The people were dissatisfied by Ravain incident. King Narendra Shah toured the state and heard the people grievances. He took some measures too for benefiting the people.  By those acts of Shah, people started blaming for incidents or other matters to the administration than the king.   The king kept Rs. one lakh for village development. .In famine, people could not pay tax to the state and there were balance taxes on the land owners. The total amount was for rs.297358. It was not possible to get that balance. The King cancelled the balance tax amount.(1 and 2)
   Same way, there were balance amount of taxes from Sudarshan Shah period and amount was for  Rs. 37 lakhs, The King cancelled whole amount (20.
References
1-Dabral S.P.,, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 2 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page  48
Daurgidatt , Narendravanshkavya , p 279
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Moto Road Construction in Narendra Shah Period
History of Tehri King Narendra Shah -40
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 2302   
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1479
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)

 Chakradhar Juyal and Narendra Shah both were progressive. It was decided to construct road between Devaprayag and Rishikesh. (2). In between 1937-1938, the motor road from Rishikesh to Devaprayag along with ganga bank was constructed and later on the motor  road was extended to Kirti Nagar near Shrinagar. The moor road was sixty miles and a big relief for pilgrims tourists and locals travelling from Rishikesh to Badrinath, Kedarnath. The King inaugurated the road by driving the motor. The total expenses on the motor road construction was Rs. 906133.
The state constructed bridges too and Dharmshalas in Gullar, Vyasi, Koudiyala, Saknidhar and Pangadhar . Arrangement of tap water was also completed in some places.  Baba Kamliwale constructed Pyau or free wter drinking arrangement on the road.
In 1939,  construction of motor road from Rishikesh to Narendra Nagar and from Narendra Nagar to Tehri also started and the work for both roads  was completed by 1940.

References
1-Dabral S.P.,, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 2 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page  49
2- Daurgidatt, Narendravanshkavya, p 151
3- Daurgidatt, Narendravanshkavya, p 285-286
4-  Bhaktadrashan, Garhwal ki Divangat Vibhutiyan p  320 
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Bhishma Kukreti

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Chakradhar Juyal Retiring
History of Tehri King Narendra Shah -41
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 2303   
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1481
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student
  Chakradhar Juyal served the state for fourteen years with strength, devotion to the state and honesty. Juyal was not keeping well. . Juyal offered resignation from 1st July 1939. Barring Ravain incident and then after his court cases against personalities as Chandola, Taradatt Gairola, and mis behaviour with Bhavani Datt Uniyal , over all people and scholars appreciated the administration of Chakradhar Juyal. The King offered a reception in appreciation for his good works for Tehri Kingdom on his retirement time. Chakradhar Juyal died on 24th December 1924 in Dhahran (Vikasnagar) Dehradun.
 Appointment of Maulichandra Sharma as Federal Secretary :-
 After Chakradhar Juyal retiring as Diwan, the King Narendra Shah appointed Maulichandra Sharma as Federal Secretary of the state. On 9th March 1939. Maulichandra Sharma was the son of Sanatan Dharma leader Din Dayal Sharma. Later on , King promoted Sharma as General Minister of he Kingdom. Sanatan Dharma Samiti’s Chief Goswami Ganesh Datt recommended the name of Maulichandra Sharma to the king. Goswami had effective  influence on Narendra Shah. Maulichandra had ample  knowledge of Hindi and Sanskrit.

References
1-Dabral S.P.,, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 2 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page  49
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Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization

(Example from Shukra Niti )
Appointing and Training the Department Head Strategies for CEO - 3
Successful Strategies for successful Chief executive Officer – 101
Guidelines for Chief Executive Officers (CEO) series – 101
(Guiding Lessons for CEOs based on Shukra Niti)
(Refreshing notes for Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) based on Shukra Niti)   

By: Bhishma Kukreti (Sales and Marketing Consultant)

योज्य स पत्तिपाल: स्यात्रिशतां गौल्मिक: स्मृत :II 141II
शतानां तु शतानीकस्तथा अनुशातिको वर :
सेनानीलेखकश्चैते  शतं  प्रत्यधिया इसे II 142II
साहस्रिकस्तु संयोज्यस्तथा  चायुतिको महान् I
(Shukra Niti Second ChapterYuvrajadi Lakshan 141, 142)
Translation:
The responsibilities of Pratipal are as  follows -  Pratipal is in charge of 5-6 soldiers. The in charge of 30 soldiers is called ‘Gaulmik. The in charge of 100 soldier is called ‘Shatannik’, Anushatik and  Senani lekhak . Sahasrik controls 1000 soldiers. Ayutik control 10, 000 soldiers. The king should appoint army in charges accordingly .

(Shukra Niti Second ChapterYuvrajadi Lakshan 141, 142 first half)

References -
1-Shukra Niti, Manoj Pocket Books Delhi, page 83   
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Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for Chief Executive Officers; Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for Managing Directors; Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for Chief Operating officers (CEO); Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for  General Mangers; Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for Chief Financial Officers (CFO) ; Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for Executive Directors ; Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for ; Refreshing Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for  CEO; Refreshing Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for COO ; Refreshing Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for CFO ; Refreshing Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for  Managers; Refreshing Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for  Executive Directors; Refreshing Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for MD ; Refreshing Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for Chairman ; Refreshing Guidelines for Understanding Hierarchy in the Organization for President



Bhishma Kukreti

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Tehri King Cooperating British during  World War II
History of Tehri King Narendra Shah -42
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 235     
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1482
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student
 By 1936, Mussolini had rule over Italy and Hitler was ruler of Germany. They had accord with each other. Latter on Japan also met with them. In 1938, Hitler r capture Georgia and then Czechoslovak too . Hitler attacked on Poland on 1st September 1934. Therefore, the friendly countries Britain and France declared war against Germany. Britain declared war against Germany from the common wealth countries too.
 In India, Congress was against India declaring war  or participating World War II. Rashtriya Swyam Sewak Sangh , Muslim league and  Princely States of India were with Britain for war against Germany.
Tehri King Narendra Shah too helped Britain as much the King could do so .  Britain had 182, 000 Indian soldiers in India .By 1945, the numbers went up to 20 lakhs. There was no scope of employment in British Garhwal and Tehri Garhwal, Therefore, young Garhwalis  entered into Army with pleasure.  Due to recommendation from the King, British government trained commissioned captain Gambhir Singh, Lieutenant Yudhbeer Singh , Vidyadhar Juyal 9son of Chakradhar Juyal) and others and trained them in IAM Dehradun. (20
  Tehri  Contributed for  Rs. 25,ooo for war fund and bought Defence bond for Rs. 50, 000. The Tehri King sent 350 labourers to helping the British Narendra Shah sent Army Battalion Sippers and Miners for helping British Government. On 27th November 1940. The King gave an enthusiastic speech before the battalion before the battalion left Tehri. (1, 2)
  The king awarded honorary post of General  Minister as major and awarded Chief Secretary as Captain to encourage people to take jobs in British army.
As per administrative report of Tehri Garhwal, 1940-41 , In 1941, the king sent 1000 new soldiers from Tehri state to the British army.  As per the above report only, the King contributed Rs. 10000 for curing of the soldiers. British government commissioned Vikram Shah  the second son as Lieutenant in 1942  .
References
1-Dabral S.P.,, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 2 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page  50, 51 
2- Daurgidatt , Narendravanshakavya 285, 324
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 Affordable Ration and Clothes Depos  (Shops) in Tehri Garhwal 

History of Tehri King Narendra Shah -43
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 236     
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1483
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student
 Due to World War, the government called cereals and foot items in it Army depos. Bad Management, trader’s profit first aim created acute shortage of food items in India. Government opened affordable food items shops all over India (2).  In 1939, there was famine type of situation in Tehri Garhwal. Same situation was for dress materials or clothes. Narendra Shah Administration opened shops for affordable food items and clothes in Narendra Nagar and Tehri.  Those depos were not sufficient for fulfilling the need of villagers in remote regions that is far away from Tehri and Narendra Nagar. (3)
References
1-Dabral S.P.,, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 2 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page   51  -52
2- Daurgidatt , Narendravanshakavya 357-358
3-Karmabhumi, 4th December 1939
Juyal-Diwan Chakradhar Juyal p 213, 14
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Bhishma Kukreti

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 British and World War II
History of Tehri King Narendra Shah -44
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 237     
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1484
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student
 On 17th September 1939, Germany captured west Poland and then Russia captured east Poland. Germany captured other European territories too. The British army was in France front but got defeated and the soldiers had to escape from the war field and returned to Britain in 1940.  In June, Italy declared war against France and Britain. On 10th may Churchill took the oath for British Prime Minister. (1)
In August 1940, Italy attacked on British territories of Africa. On 28 October, Italy's army entered Greece.   However, Italy had to face a big setback in this attack. Italy could not capture the Suez Canal.  British Army Commander Webel pushed Italy army up to Libya and fa. From two African fronts Kenya and Sudan, British army attacked on Italian army of East Africa. . British Army won the fronts in Africa against Italy. There were  a couple of Indian brigades with British Army and so were Garhwali soldiers.
References
1-Dabral S.P.,, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 2 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page   52-53
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Bhishma Kukreti

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Bravery of Vidyadhar Juyal in World War II 
History of Tehri King Narendra Shah -45
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 238     
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1485
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
 Lieutenant Vidyadhar Juyal (son of Diwan Chakradhar Juyal)  was  with the Thirteenth Frontier Force dominated by Pathan Soldiers .  Lieutenant Vidyadhar Juyal learnt Pashto language for communicating with Pathan Soldiers.  He was in Waziristan for some time. Later on, British Army sent his battalion to African Front in 1940.  Vidyadhar Juyal was in Sudan, Eretria, Abyssinia and Italy war fronts.  In all three attacks, Vidyadhar proved to be an intelligent commander and a wise strategist Vidyadhar Juyal was present in the ahistorical attack of Amba Alagi (Africa) that witnessed the decline of Italian rule.  British army awarded the Lieutenant Vidyadhar Juyal by ‘Distinguished Service Order (DSO) 2nd and highest Award after Victoria Cross  in British Army.
References
1-Dabral S.P.,, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 2 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page  53
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Garhwali Soldiers in Indian National Army

History of Tehri King Narendra Shah -46 
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 239     
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1486

By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)

  In World war II, alliance won the war against Germany , Italy etc. Japan bombed on Rangoon on 28th January 1942.  British Army had to run away. Japan captured Rangoon without any resistance.  Lakhs of Indians had to escape from Burma on foot. Poet Keshva Nan Jadali i had to reach India on foot too.
However, by summer of 1942, Allied forces started winning.
   Indian National Army by Subhash Chandra Bose –
 In 1943, Japan had rule over Burma (Myanmar), Singapore, Malaysia and Shyam.  Japanese army started marching towards Manipur and Assam. At this stage, Subhash Chandra Bose reached to Singapore. Subhash Chandra Bose founded Indian National Army by Indian soldiers working for British Army. INA founded by  Subhash Chandra Bose and Japanese army started attacking on Indian North East Front. However, Allied army captured Japanese territory in Pacific ocean and Japanese army could not stay in Indian territories. 
   Garhwalis in Indian National Army – British Army despatched Indian army to west and east fronts as well. There were two battalions of Garhwal Rifle in South East front.  Japan captured Indian army on 15th February 1942 in Singapore.  Japanese Army captured 1800 Garhwali soldiers at various places. Japanese army captured around 40000 Indian soldiers from east south pacific fronts.  23266 Indian soldiers and officers  joined Indian National Army and there were 2500 Garhwali soldiers among them joining INA.  Subhash Chandra  Bose appointed Captain Chandra Singh Negi  of Garhwal rifle as Lieutenant  Colonel of Indian National Army and handed over him the job of Commandant at Officers Training School.  INA appointed Subedar Devu Singh Danu as its Major and appointed Danu as Bodyguard Battalion of Bose .   Captain Buddhi Singh Rawat was promoted as Leutinent Colonel in INA   

References
1-Dabral S.P.,, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 2 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page  53
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