MeraPahad Community Of Uttarakhand Lovers

 History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period

Administration, Social and Cultural Characteristics History of Garhwal in Shah Dynasty -63 

   History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -253     
   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -500   
                        By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
 
               Till date in Garhwal, the animals are killed and roasted first before de-skinning them. The intestinal part is taken out of dead animal and then roasted whole animal in campfire. Then the skin, penis, testicles, kidneys, heart, lever are taken out. The intestine or rectum etc is cleaned thoroughly by entering water into intestine and again roasted too.   The roasted skin part, intestine and testicles, kidneys, lever, heart etc are eaten as only after roasting only by mixing spices and salt and pepper. This is called Kachhboli.
 The mutton is cut into pieces and fried in oil with masala, salt etc. Usually water is put after thoroughly frying the mutton. This is called Shikar ku rassa or rasedar shikar or mutton curry.
 As far as fishes are concerned they are also roasted, then are cleaned and after by just sprinting salt pepper are eaten. If fishes are cooked for fish curry the fish is first cleaned and then fried in oil and mixed with spices and salt and then put water to make fish curry.
  In Pal/Shah period, no chilies were available and black pepper was costly as gold. Therefore local hot spices were used.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 2/12/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -501
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….
History of Characteristics of Garhwal Kings Shah dynasty, to be continued

XX    
Notes on South Asian Modern Period  History of Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian  Modern Period   History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Modern  History of Tehri Garhwal;  South Asian Modern  History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Modern  History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period  History of Haridwar district, South Asian History of Bijnor old Garhwal
Xx 
History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Pauri Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Bhabhar Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Haridwar in Pal /Shah Period; History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Dehradun Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Uttarkashi Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Tehri Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Rudraprayag Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Chamoli Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History Aspects of Non Vegetarian Food Cooking in Bijnor (Old Garhwal ) in Pal /Shah Period;
              स्वच्छ भारत ! स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत!

History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Garhwal in Pal Period
 
Administration, Social and Cultural Characteristics History of Garhwal in Shah Dynasty -64 

   History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -254     
   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -501
 
                        By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
            Hemp smoking was there in India at least 2000BC. Sanskrit word Dhumrapan was meant to smoke. The first record of smoking is in Atharvaveda few hundred BC. Dhupa and Homa were mentioned in Ayurveda for medicinal and meditational uses.
 That shows that hemp smoking, Dhupa and Homa smoking was quite common in prehistoric period of Garhwal too.
In fumigation, Homa or Havan; Fire, with hemp, various grains, ghee, herbs were used in Garhwal.
 Opium smoking was also common and at Tibet border it was common practice.
        Tobacco smoking came in India after 1600. That means tobacco smoking became popular in seventeenth century. Hukka became symbol of prestige. ‘Hukka Pani Band’ means exiling from society also became culture of Garhwal.
 Tobacco smoking was performed by many means. Patbyadi was very common means of tobacco or hemp smoking. The leaves of Banj (Oak) or that type of leaves were bent, pinned by fine wood stick and made as claye made Chillam/Chillum in cone form with end to end channel. Then tobacco or hemp was filled up to top and the tobacco or hemp was fired by putting burning fiber of Kabaslu or cotton. The men or women used to take puff from conical part. Sadhus used to smoke hemp, opium or tobacco through chillum. Water wet handkerchief was used to put at fine end of Chillum.
 Many times the fine bamboo hollow stick or Tuwar stick was also used as alternative of Chillum.
Many times, when chillum or Patbyadi was not available or hollow wood stick was not available, people used to dig a small pit and used to dig a small canal and that canal was covered. In pit the tobacco or hemp was burnt and smoker used to smoke from last end of small canal.
Many times the tobacco or hemp was burnt and smokers used to smoke the smoke openly.   
  Hukka became popular perhaps in end of seventeenth century. Hukka was made by bronze, bamboo stem etc. Huka was of different shape and called Baithak (sitting or kept in room only) and Chalto (walking or movable) Hukka. Elite had large and metallic Hukka and others had bamboo Hukka. 
          There is Garhwal Painting showing elite or prime minster Jaidev smokings Hukka. In the painting of Jaidev Bajir, the workers are following Jai Dev with Hukka and Jai Dev riding on horse smoking through long pipe.
  A couple of paintings of Maularam state that women too used to smoke through Hukka.
   


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 3/12/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -502
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….
History of Characteristics of Garhwal Kings Shah dynasty, to be continued

XX    
Notes on South Asian Modern Period  History of Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian  Modern Period   History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Modern  History of Tehri Garhwal;  South Asian Modern  History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Modern  History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period  History of Haridwar district, South Asian History of Bijnor old Garhwal
Xx 
History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Garhwal in Pal Period;
History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Haridwar Garhwal in Pal Period; History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Bijnor around  Pal Period; History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Pauri Garhwal in Pal Period; History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Chamoli Garhwal in Pal Period; History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Rudraprayag Garhwal in Pal Period; History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Tehri Garhwal in Pal Period; History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Uttarkashi Garhwal in Pal Period; History Aspects of Smoking, Tobacco Smoking and Hukka Smoking in Dehradun Garhwal in Pal Period;
               स्वच्छ भारत ! स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत!

            History Aspects of Famine in Garhwal in Pal /Shah Era

Administration, Social and Cultural Characteristics History of Garhwal in Shah Dynasty -65 

   History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -255     
   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -502
 
                        By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
  Agriculture was main source of feeding in Garhwal. Agriculture was totally dependent on rain. Over raining and draught created famine. Though, forests produces were providing fifty percent food needs. However, draught used to create shortage of food from forests too.
          The history records direct two major famines in Garhwal.
    There was severing draught and food shortage in 1635 in Garhwal. Tibet was also affected by drought of Garhwal as export of food grains could not be possible from Garhwal to Tibet.
  The famine of 1795 (1852 Vikrami samvat) is called Bavani or famine of 1852 Sanvat was the worst Famine happened ever in Garhwal. Thousands of people died because of non availability of food, medical helps and epidemic together. Forest produces also were in scarcity. Many families too poison to die. People sold their family members.
The Bijnor population was always in fluctuating manners whenever there was famine as happened in 1803-1804 (Uttar Pradesh Gazetteers, Bijnor 1991, page 107).
 Haridwar also used to experience draught famine and flood’s adversity too.
 In Haridwar, Saharanpur, Bijnor and Bhabhar of Garhwal, there are familiar folk stories about Famine and its worst effects (Calcutta Review Vol-LVII, page 203). In the cited story, Devi offers a forest plant tuber (Siral, Sural or Pueraria tuberosa) as food for famine. In Garhwal too, Siral was used as famine food too.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 4/12/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -503
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….
History of Characteristics of Garhwal Kings Shah dynasty, to be continued

XX    
Notes on South Asian Modern Period  History of Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian  Modern Period   History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Modern  History of Tehri Garhwal;  South Asian Modern  History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Modern  History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period  History of Haridwar district, South Asian History of Bijnor old Garhwal
Xx 
History Aspects of Famine in Garhwal in Pal /Shah Era; History Aspects of Famine in Bijnor around Pal /Shah Era; History Aspects of Famine in Haridwar, Garhwal in Pal /Shah Era; History Aspects of Famine in Pauri Garhwal in Pal /Shah Era; History Aspects of Famine in Chamoli Garhwal in Pal /Shah Era; History Aspects of Famine in Rudraprayag Garhwal in Pal /Shah Era; History Aspects of Famine in Tehri Garhwal in Pal /Shah Era; History Aspects of Famine in Uttarkashi Garhwal in Pal /Shah Era; History Aspects of Famine in Dehradun Garhwal in Pal /Shah Era; History Aspects of Famine in Saharanpur around  Pal /Shah Era;

               स्वच्छ भारत ! स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत!

                                 Paleo- Mediterranean Race in Haridwar , Bijnor History Context
                                      हरिद्वार , बिजनौर इतिहास संदर्भ में रोमसागरीय जाति

                         Racial Elements in Haridwar Population of Prehistoric Period-12
                                  हरिद्वार,  बिजनौर , सहारनपुर की नृशस शाखाएं -एक ऐतिहासिक विवेचन -12
 
                                       हरिद्वार का आदिकाल से सन 1947 तक इतिहास -भाग -21   

                                                      History of Haridwar Part  --21 
                             
                           
                                                   इतिहास विद्यार्थी ::: भीष्म कुकरेती


  डा  डी एन मजूमदार जैसे इतिहासकार ने  उत्तराखंड व हिमाचल में रोमसागरीय , द्रविड़ , नॉर्डिक  या आर्य रक्त  का जिक्र नहीं किया है। किन्तु बहुत से इतिहासकार मानते हैं कि रोमसागर की आदिम शाखा (प्राच्य रोमसागरीय नृशंस शाखा ) भारत  में आ गयी थी।  कुछ इतिहासकारों ने भ्रान्तिवास सेमेटिक या यहूदी नाम दिया।
कुछ विद्वानो की धारणा है कि प्राचीन काल में पश्चमी व मध्य हिमालय में जम्मू से नेपाल तक प्राच्य रोमसागरीय नृशाखा का प्रसार प्रचुर मात्रा में हुआ था। कुछ जातियों में आकृति मिलती हैं किन्तु हरिद्वार , बिजनौर सहित उत्तराखंड में इस जाति का रक्त प्रभाव कम ही मिलता है।  यदा कड़ा हरिजनो  की कुछ मानवों में यह रक्त मिला था।

                                              द्रविड़ रोमसागरीय जाति
                   
इस नृशाखा के लोगों की ऊंचाई कुछ अधिक होती है व रंग में उतने काले नही होते हैं । उत्तर प्रदेश , पंजाब , हरियाणा , उत्तरप्रदेश के गंगा मैंदान में द्रविड़ जाति अधिक मात्रा में मिलती है। द्रविड़ जाति सिंध -पंजाब से लेकर बंगाल तक फैली हुयी थी।
 निश्चय ही हरिद्वार , सहारनपुर , बिजनौर के संदर्भ में द्रविड़ व कोल जाति साथ साथ बसी थी।  कोल प्रजा पर द्रविड़ शासन था। चिरकाल में संग संग रहने के कारण दोनों जातियां एक दूसरे के साथ एकसार हो गयीं।
  वैदिक संस्कृत व अन्य प्राकृत भाषाओं , बोलियों पर द्रविड़ भाषा का समुचित प्रभाव मिलता है।
  महाकाल;  भैरव ; चण्डिका पूजा संस्कृति , लिंगबास , पितर पूजा के लिए पत्थर रखना, पितृ कुड़ी बनाना आदि संस्कृति की देन है। गढ़वाली के दसियों शब्द व गढ़वाल के गाँवों के नाम सिद्ध करते हैं कि पहाड़ी उत्तराखंड , भाभर गढ़वाल , हरिद्वार , बिजनौर में द्रविड़ संस्कृति फली व फूली।
                               प्राचीन द्रविड़ संस्कृति
 द्रविड़ जनो पर राजा (मन्नण ) शासन करते थे।   राजा कोट /किले  (कोट्टइ ) में रहते थे।  शाशन छोटे छोटे जिलों (नाडु ) में बंटा था। बंदीजन (पुलवन ) उत्सवों (तिरविज ) पर गीत (चेयुल ) गाते थे।  तालपत्र पर लेख लिखे जाते थे।
 आदि द्रविड़ ईश्वर पर विश्वास करते थे , मंदिरों में प्रार्थना करते थे।  ग्रहों  ग्यानी थे। मानव नगर व ग्रामों  निवास करते थे। धातुओं से परिचित थे।
            द्रविड़ जाति  हिन्दुजाति संस्कृति में अहम योगदान है।  हिन्दू संस्कृति निर्माण में द्रविड़ संस्कृति का वेद संस्कृति से अधिक योगदान है।  हिन्दुओं की कई पुराण कथाएँ द्रविड़ संस्कृति की देन है।  कोल जाति ने लिंग पूजा शुरू की तो ध्यानमग्न विरुपाक्ष , पशुपति , उर्ध्व लिंग द्रविड़ संस्कृति की देन है। आर्य जाति (वैदिक ) जाति ने कई द्रविड़ देवी देवताओं को अपनाया जैसे हनुमंत (अण मंति ) ।





Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti  Mumbai, India 5/122014

History of Haridwar to be continued in  हरिद्वार का आदिकाल से सन 1947 तक इतिहास -भाग 22         
 

(The History of  Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

 

Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Kankhal, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Har ki Paidi Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Jwalapur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Telpura Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Sakrauda Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Bhagwanpur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Jhabarera Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Manglaur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Laksar; Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Sultanpur,  Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Pathri Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Landhaur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Bahdarabad, Uttarakhand ; Haridwar; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Narsan Haridwar, Uttarakhand ;History of Bijnor; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Nazibabad; Paleo- Mediterranean/ Dravid  Race in context History of Saharanpur

स्वच्छ भारत !  स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत

                            Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of Haridwar , Bijnor History
                                हरिद्वार , बिजनौर के इतिहास संदर्भ में दरदादि जाति

                    Racial Elements in Haridwar, Bijnor, Saharanpur  Population of Prehistoric Period-13
                                  हरिद्वार,  बिजनौर , सहारनपुर की नृशस शाखाएं -एक ऐतिहासिक विवेचन -13
 
                                       हरिद्वार का आदिकाल से सन 1947 तक इतिहास -भाग -22   

                                                      History of Haridwar Part  --22 
                             
                           
                                                   इतिहास विद्यार्थी ::: भीष्म कुकरेती
 महाभारत में हिमालय के उत्तर पश्चमी भाग में बाह्वीक के निकटवर्ती क्षेत्र को दरद देश माना गया है (आदि पर्व ६७/५८ )।. पुराणो में दरद जाति को काम्बोज व बर्बर जातियों के मध्य रखा गया है। कश्मीर के उत्तर भाग में आज भी दरद पुरी  है। 
शायद इस जाति प्रसार अवश्य हुआ किन्तु शक जाति के साथ मिश्रण से इस जाति की अपनी विशिष्टता समाप्त हो गयी होगी।
                           दरद भाषा का प्रभाव
अफगानिस्तान  तीर नदी की उपत्यका की भाषा पर दरद भाषा का साफ़ साफ़ प्रभाव है।  पंजाबी , लहडी , सिंधी , ब्रज , पहाड़ी बोलियों (गढ़वाली -कुमाउनी समेत ) पर दरद भाषा का प्रभाव है। इससे साफ़ है कि दरद Armenoid जाति गढ़वाल , कुमाऊं , हरिद्वार और बिजनौर
सहारनपुर में भी रहीं हैं।
  महाभारत में खस व दरद जाति का अलग अस्तित्व का उल्लेख है।
दरद जाति कच्चा मांश खाती थी (महाभारत , वनपर्व , ११७/ ११,१२ ) और उत्तराखंड में कच्चे मांश की कछबोली खाने की  भी सांस्कृतिक प्रथा विद्यमान है।

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti  Mumbai, India 6/122014

History of Haridwar to be continued in  हरिद्वार का आदिकाल से सन 1947 तक इतिहास -भाग 23         
 

(The History of  Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

 


Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Kankhal, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Har ki Paidi Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Jwalapur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Telpura Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Sakrauda Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Bhagwanpur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Jhabarera Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Manglaur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; History of Laksar; Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Sultanpur,  Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Pathri Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Landhaur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; History of Bahdarabad, Uttarakhand ; Haridwar; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Narsan Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Bijnor; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Nazibabad; Armenoid Race in  Prehistoric Period of History of Saharanpur

                                   स्वच्छ भारत !  स्वच्छ भारत ! बुद्धिमान भारत