3rd List of Plants mentioned in earliest Buddhist literature
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Flora in Early Buddhist Literature (Pali Tipitaka) -3
Botany in Mahajanapada Era or Buddhist Literature (1425 to 323 B.C.E) – 3
BOTANY History of Indian Subcontinent –49
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By: Bhishma Kukreti M.Sc. {(Botany), B.Sc. (Honours in Botany), Medical Tourism Historian)-
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The work of Dhammika (2015) is very important for understanding the flora mentioned in various earliest Buddhist literature.
Following is third list of plants mentioned in Earliest Buddhist Literature (1) –
Pali name --Common Name Plant ---------Botanical name ---------Reference
Ja= Jataka tales (4)
Vin.= Vinaya Pitaka (7)
M.=Majjhima nakaya (6)
Th= Theragata (
Ap= Apadana (5)
A=Anguttara (9)
Vv= Vimanavatthu (10)
Pv-a =Petavatthu Atthakattha ed. (11)
Eraka -------------------A course Grass ----------------------------------Vin. I 196)
Eranda –Castor Oil plant –----Ricinus communis ---------------------M II, 152
Elembaraka – A type of creeper ------------------------------------------Ja.VI 536
Elegala –Sickle Sena --------Senna tora ------------------------------- Ja. III 222
Kakkarika –cucumber – Cucumis sativas -------------------------- Vin.III. 59
Kangu--- Millets------------------------------------------------------------ Ja.VI 581
Kacchikara – Uncertain ---------------------------------------------------- Ja. V 420
Kacchaka (probably dye fig-------------------------------------- Vin IV 34
Katukarohani –Himalayan herb ---------Picrorhiza kurro -------------- Vin I 201
Katerhua – a Bush ---------------------------------------------------------Ja.VI 537
Kanika --------------------------Premna integrifolia ----------------------- AP 17
Kanikara -------------------- Pterospermum acerifolium ------------------- A V 61
Kadamba –Kadamba ---------- Neolamarckia cadamba --------------- Ja.VI 535
Kadali – Banana -------------- Musa bulbisiana ------------------------Ja. V 195
Kappikachu ------Velvet Bean ---------Mucuna pruriens -----------Pv a 84
Kappitha – wood apple ----------------Limonia acidissima -------Ja.V 38
Kapasa ---Cotton -------------------- Gossypium sp. --------------------Ja. I 350
Kapura – Camphor tree -------------Cinnamomum camphora -------Ja.VI 537
Karanja ---Indian beach ----------------- Milletia pinnata ----------------Ja.VI 518
Karamadda ----------------------------- Carissa carandas --------------- Ja.VI 536
Karavira ---Oleander ---------------------Nerium oleander ------------- Ja. III 62
Kalmbuka –probably ----ipomoea aquatica ---------------------------------Ja. VI 535
Kalaya -----------------perhaps pigeon pea -------------------------------Ja II 370
Kalingu – a type of tree ---------------------------------------------- Ja.VI 537
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References
1-Dhammika, S. (2015), Nature and the environment in early Buddhism, Buddha Dhamma mandala Society, Singapore pages 1to 206
4- Jataka with Cemetery, ed. V. Fauseboll PTS 1877 -97
5-Ap =Apadana edited Marry E. Litty PTS Oxford 2000
6- M= Manjhima Nikaya editor V. Trenckner , R Chalmers London 1887-1902
7- Vin =Vinaya Paitaka , edi . H. Oldernberg PTS London 1879-83
8- Th =Theragata edi. H. Oldenberg, Pischel 2nd edi , London PTS London 1966
9- A= Anguttara Nikaya , ed. R. Moris , E Hardy PTS London 1885 -90
10 Vv = Vimanavatthu , ed. N.a jayvikarama , PTS Oxford , 1977
11- Pv-a =Petavatthu Atthakattha ed E. hardy PTS London 1894
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti, bckukreti@gmail.com , Mumbai India, 2020
History of Botany from Pali/ Maghadi literature, Applied Botany in India in Buddhist literature, Plant Science in early Indian Buddhist Literature ; Flora mentioned in Buddhist literature will be continued
HISTORY of BOTANY in Indian Subcontinent will be continued in next chapter