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Author Topic: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)  (Read 236404 times)

Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1480 on: April 27, 2020, 09:20:19 AM »
Opening Primary School in Devprayag

History of King Bhavani Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 19
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 167
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1405 
   
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
-
   There was no education system in Their Garhwal as was not in Shah king time in Garhwal.  Elites used to call private teachers in their houses  for educating their children . King Sudarshan Shah also had same system that private tutors used to come palace.  A few Muafidar or Jagirdars used to call maulavi for teaching Urdu or Persian to their children.
  The Inspector of Schools of Kumaon Captain Smith wrote (21 November 1862)  to the King that He should open  primary school in important places as Devprayag as already were at Badrinath and Kedarnath .  British offered half the salary for teachers and Tehri would spend half on education. The salary for teachers was monthly Rs.10. In 1862, Tehri Kingdom opened a primary school in Devprayag. 
References B
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 172   
2- Tehri Court Archives Register 2, notice 11/8 b
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 History of Bhavani Shah Period of Tehri Garhwal will be continued in next chapter
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Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1481 on: April 28, 2020, 11:14:23 AM »
Bhavani shah investing in Iron Works , Kumaon

History of King Bhavani Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 19
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 167
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1405   
 
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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  King Bhavani Shah invested in Kumaon Iron works after getting a letter from British officer Doctor Pearson that Kumaon Iron Works was opening factories. Pearson informed that the company required investment amount for 3.5 Lakh Rupees.  (2). the cost of one share was Rs. 1000. Pearson requested the king for buying share for the said company. As per Atkinson the company closed down because of heavy losses. The reasons for losses was due  to interrupted works and hurdle from government . (3).
 The King bought one share of the company (1)
References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 172   
2- Tehri Court Archives Register 2, notice 11/8 b
3- Atkinson, E.T.,  Himalayan districts, Vol. -1, pp263
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 History of Bhavani Shah Period of Tehri Garhwal will be continued in next chapter

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Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1482 on: April 29, 2020, 09:31:55 AM »
Forest Contract to Wilson
History of King Bhavani Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 19
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 167
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1405   
 
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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 Wilson was a Yorkshire migrant staying in Mussoorie and then in Harsil Tehri Garhwal. He is called King of Harsil or ranger of Himalaya (2). The hunter Wilson petitioned to Sudarshan Shah for dera musk. The King refused granting the hunting of deer. However, Sudarshan Shah recognized Wilson as future source of revenue (2). Initially, Wilson took smaller forest contract for Rs. 400 annual
  Dabral offered details of on 1st April 1858, King Sudarshan Shah  granting Wilson the Hunter for trees  cutting t contract for  Rs 6000 annual, for forests of Bhardar, kuili, Palkot , Dharkot (bank of BhagirathI for five years. (4). As per the contract, Wilson was free for cutting , selling and trading trees as pines, sal, sheesam , kandar etc.
 Sudarshan shah died in 1859 and there was no any change in forest contract for Wilson. तिन १८६०, Bhavani shah offered the new contract to Wilson for Rs 4000 annual for the forests of Devaprayag  to Taknour and Chhachar to  SatKhana  (1) . Wilson became the great exploiter and innovators for forest of Himalaya,. Wilson  not only cut the trees but he also killed the wild animals and sold them in open market and earned good fortune. 
  Wilson
References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 173   
2-Hurchison Robert, (2010) The Raja of Harsil: The legend of Fredrick Phari Wilson , Lotus Collection , New Delhi author’s note page 2
3- Raturi, Pundit Harikrishna, (1932) Garhwal ka Itihas
4- Tehri Court Archives , vol.2 book11/10b
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 History of Bhavani Shah Period of Tehri Garhwal will be continued in next chapter
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Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1483 on: April 30, 2020, 09:41:12 AM »
British taking Forests Contract
History of King Bhavani Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 21 
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 169
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1407   
 
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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 The forest Contracts leased to Wilson ended in 1864. From 1858, Ramsey started forest protection management.  British government analysed the profit by Wilson from Tehri Forests and entered into and contractual agreement with Tehri kingdom and took forest on lease for Rs. Ten thousand annually. (2).
 British earned from Tehri forests and exploited so much that within twenty years the forests were empty. (3) British government earned more than laks in year from Tehri forests  but Tehri court got only Rs. 10000 per annum. (3)
References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 173   
2- Tehri Court Archives, vol.2 book11/18
3- Minya Prem Singh, Guldast E Tavrikh pp 69
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 History of Bhavani Shah Period of Tehri Garhwal will be continued in next chapter


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Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1484 on: May 01, 2020, 11:06:31 AM »
Miscellaneous  Income Sources for  Tehri Kingdom
History of King Bhavani Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 22
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 170
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1408   
 
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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               Income from Ganga  Water  Sales
There was always importance of Ganga Water from Gangotri the Bhagirathi Ganga (here initially Bhagirathi) source for centuries across all India. People used to collect water in Gangotri and used to carry to Rishikesh and from Rishikesh water used to reach all corners of India through traders. Bhavani Shah initiated selling Ganga Water of Gangotri.  Dharmu and Ghungharu got contract for Ganga water collection from Gangotri for Rs. 3301.4 Anas annualy. (2)
   Selling Wild Elephants
 There was demand for Elephants and their parts. Bhavani Shah decided selling wild elephants by catching them. Bhavani Shah declared award for catching elephants at Rs.,151.14 Ana per elephant. (2)
 Income from Judiciary punishment or capital punishment
 Capital punishment to the citizens was still the  income source of the Tehri Kingdom as was regular income source in Shah Shrinagar Garhwal  too .(3)

References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 174 
2- Tehri Court Archives, vol.2 book11/F3
3- Tehri Court Archives, vol.2 book11/1 B
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 History of Bhavani Shah Period of Tehri Garhwal will be continued in next chapter
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Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1485 on: May 02, 2020, 11:19:09 AM »
Money in Treasury of Bhavani Shah and his religious Actions

History of King Bhavani Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 23
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 171
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1409   
 
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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 Bhavani Shah ruled Tehri Riyasat for 12 years. Before he was crowned, his step mothers and a couple of elites looted the treasury and personal wealth of Sudarshan Shah. There were only Rs. 6600 in treasury at the time of Bhavani Shah being crowned. He increased wealth of the Court and controlled unnecessary spending. Very soon after a few years of his crowning, there was Rs. one lakh in the Their Treasury in Almora. (2)
 He used to encourage small scale craft industry. There was good demand of’ Pahari Kagaj( Hill paper) and on 2nd march Dr Jenson purchased hill paper (Tehri )  for Rs, 50 (2)
Minya Prem Singh informed that there were Rs. 1.45,000 in the Tehri Riyasat treasury at the time of death of Bhavani Shah and there were in Rs. 100000 in his personal treasury.
             Religious Donation by Bhavani Shah
 Bhavani Shah did complete the job of repairing of a couple old temples. He also built a couple of new Temples and built new gardens too. Bhavani Shah also built new palaces (Prem Singh). Minya Prem Singh informed that Bhavani Shah did purchase quite a  good numbers of guns ()1)
References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 174 
2- Tehri Court Archives, vol.2 book11/81
3- Minya Prem Singh , Guldast-E- Tavarikh page 180
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 History of Bhavani Shah Period of Tehri Garhwal will be continued in next chapter
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Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1486 on: May 03, 2020, 10:08:27 AM »
Family Life of Bhavani Shah

History of King Bhavani Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 24
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 172
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1410   
 
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
-
     Bhavani Shah married with princesses of Mandi and Hindur Riyasat respectively. In May 1852, Mandi wali Queen delivered a son Pratap Shah. Queen Hindur wali delivered a son 9Vikram Singh )  too in September 1852. Sudarshan Shah was alive when those sons of Bhavani Shah were born. Bhavani Shah had eight sons – Pratap Shah, Vikram Shah , Pramod Singh, Fatteh Singh , Gopal Singh , Heera Singh, Madan Singh and Teg Singh. Bhavani Shah arranged prper educationfor Prtap Shah and other sons. Pratap Shah was educated for getting good knowledge of English, Hindi and Urdu. Pratap Shah had good interest in music too (1).
     Sher Singh returning to Tehri
    Sher Singh the Younger brother of Bhavani Shah was in exile. Bhavani Shah requested British officials to free Sher Singh. When Sher Singh came to Tehri, Bhavani Shah offered Sher Shah a Jagir and cash too. Bhavani Shah was a kind person and he made satisfactory arrangement of  regular income for  his step mothers and step  brother those were against him .

References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 175 
2-  Raturi , Harikrishna  , Garhwal Ka Itihas  474-475
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 History of Bhavani Shah Period of Tehri Garhwal will be continued in next chapter

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Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1487 on: May 04, 2020, 10:16:56 AM »
Death , Personality of Bhavani Shah
History of King Bhavani Shah of Tehri Riyasat – 24
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 172
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1410   

  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
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              Death of Bhavani Shah (1871)
 Bhavani Shah fell ill and a couple of months after illness, Bhavani Shah die in January 1871.
   Looting of Treasury after death of Bhavani Shah
  Minya Prem Singh (2) informed that there we three laks in treasury of Bhavani Singh when he expired.  When Bhavani Shah, Khavasan , Sher Singh and other officials looted the Treasury and valuables. The most Khavasan by Bhavani Shah was Kwari. Kwari looted the valuables the most.
 Dabral (1) offering various references, states that Bhavani Shah was kind hearted and he used to pardon his enemies too. Bhavani Shah followed his father Sudarshan Shah for pleasing British officers visiting in their or working in Almora, Delhi, Dehradun or Saharanpur.  Bhavani Shah had clear instruction to his officials that they should see  arrangements for comforts for British Officials tourists visiting in Riyasat.
References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 175 
2- Raturi, Harikrishna  , Garhwal Ka Itihas  474-475
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 History of Bhavani Shah Period of Tehri Garhwal will be continued in next chapter
es that
References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 175 
2- Minya Prem Singh , Guldasat -E-Tavariksh page 209
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 History of Bhavani Shah Period of Tehri Garhwal will be continued in next chapter

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Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1488 on: May 05, 2020, 11:21:37 AM »
Crowning of Pratap Shah
Crowning of King Pratap Shah History of Tehri Garhwal in Pratap Shah Period - 1
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 174
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1412   
 
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
-
 There was no confusion or hurdle about Pratap Shah as crown prince because Pratap Singh or Pratap Shah was eldest son of Bhavani Shah. Bhavani Shah died in December 1871 , However, with unknown reasons, Pratap Shah was crowned on Amvashya day of  in May 1872. Minya Prem Singh informed that Pratap Shah was born in 1851 (2).
 The crowing of Pratap Shah was celebrated at Semal ground with joy and zeal.
 -:  Searching of looted treasure wealth:-
After taking crown , Pratap Shah took step for the looted treasurer. Pratap Shah got information that there were jewellery/money etc. of Bhavani Shah with Khavasan Kwari and her helping hands, Pratap Shah took all those looted wealth back from her and her associates too. Pratap Shah took hard measures and he arrested and put Khavasan and associates in jail. Other culprits became alert of afraid and many returned the looted wealth (3).  Pratap Shah took back some part of the looted wealth from Sher Singh too. 
References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 175 
2- Minya Prem Singh, Guldasat -E-Tavariksh page 180
3- Minya Prem Singh, Guldasat -E-Tavariksh page 96

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Bhishma Kukreti

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Re: History of Uttarakhand, Kumaon & Garhwal-उत्तराखंड का इतिहास (कुमाऊं/गढ़वाल)
« Reply #1489 on: May 06, 2020, 10:28:01 AM »
False Certificates for Jagir

History of Tehri King Pratap Shah Period – 2
History of Tehri Kingdom (Tehri and Uttarkashi Garhwal) from 1815 –1948- 15
  History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) – 1413   
 
  By:   Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
-
   Short after Crowning of Pratap Shah, Ex Bhavani Shah employee Badri Datt Painyuli  showed  a Certificate that was for Five hundred annual  Jagir to Painyuli  from Bhavani shah .There was seal of Bhavani Shah on the ‘sanad’ orrder/  certificate  (2).
  A few days after the above, Shri Chand Rana also showed a certificate of Bhavani Shah offering Jagir of Rs.500 annually to Shri Chand Rana
 Pratap Shah found that both the certificate were  false.  Dabral suspected that Badri Datt Painyuli made both the false certificates. The King did not follow the false certificate and there is no record th Pratap Shah punished them as after some time, Pratap Shah appointed them as  officers in his court.   
References
1-Dabral S.P, Tehri Garhwal Rajya ka Itihas Bhag 1 (new edition), Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, (1999) page 175 
2- Minya Prem Singh, Guldasat -E-Tavariksh page 191-192
3- Minya Prem Singh, Guldasat -E-Tavariksh page 96
Raturi Harikrishna , Garhwal ka Itihas pp 478

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