Articles By Bhisma Kukreti - श्री भीष्म कुकरेती जी के लेख

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Music Script, Music Notation of a Garhwali Folk Dance Song- Dalyon ke Geet
Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Dramas, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -207           
Classical Rag Ragini, Tal, Bol, Music Beats, Music Notations or Music Scripts in Garhwali Folk Songs and Folk Music part -36   

गढ़वाली लोक नृत्यगीत- संगीत (गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों ) में शास्त्रीय संगीत स्वर लिपि, ताल, राग रागिनी-37
                             
                     Presented by Bhishma Kukreti (Folk Literature Research Scholar)

डळयों का लोकनृत्य -गीत की संगीत स्वर लिपि 

स्थाई -
ऋद्धि  को सुमिरों सिद्धि को सुमिरों सुमिरों सारदा माई।
अर  सुमिरों गुरु अविनाशी को , सुमिरों कृष्न कनाई।
सहायक
सदा अमर नि रैंदी धरती माता , बजर पड़े टूट जाई।
अमर नि रैंदा चंद , सुरजि छुचा , मेघ घिरे छिप जाई।।१।।   
माता रोये जनम कूं , बहिन रोये, बहिन रोये छै मासा।
तिरिया रोये डेढ़ घड़ी कूँ , आन करे घर बासा।।२।।
कागज़ पतरी सब कुई बांचे करम नि बांचे कुई।
राज घरों को राजकुंवर , बुबा करणी जोग लिखाई।। ३ ।।
सुन रै बेटा गोपीचंद जी बात सुनो चित लाई।
कंचन कया , कंचन कामिनी मति कैसे भरमाई।।  ४।। 
डळयों के गीत खड़ी बोली अथवा ब्रज भाषा में होते हैं।   डळया गुरु एकतारा के साथ  बजाते हुए गीत गातें हैं।
एकतारे के बोल इस प्रकार हैं -
द  र  र  द ।  र  र  द  र ।  द  र  र  द ।  र  र  द  र
स्थाई -
                  प
ध#रे  रे    रे  मप   ।  रे  म ध  प । म -  प  प । प प ध प
मरे  म  म  ध  ।  प म  म म । मम पम मम मरे । रे  -  -  -

                प                                                                 रे
ध#रे  रे    रे  मप   ।  रे  म ध  प । म -  प  प । प - ध पम
मरे  म  म  ध  ।  प म  म म । मम पम मम मरे । रे  -  -  -
           अंतरा
ध  रें   रें  रें  । रें  -  रें  - ।  ध   सां  सां  -  । सां - धप मम
म  रें  म  ध  । प -  म प ।  मम  पममम  मरे । र-  - - -
                प                                रे
ध#रे  रे    रे  मप   ।  रे  म ध  प । म -  प  प । प - ध पम

म  रे  म  ध  ।  प म  म म । मम पम मम मरे । रे  -  -  -
  शेष अंतराएँ ऐसी ही गायी जाएँगी
ध - इस सारे गीत  ध# है
s =आधी अ
@ - नीचे अर्धचन्द्राकार चिन्ह
# चिन्ह नीचे बिंदी का है जैसे फ़ारसी  शब्दोँ में लगता हैं
मूल संगीत लिपि -केशव अनुरागी , नाद नंदनी (अप्रकाशित )
      संदर्भ - डा शिवा नंद नौटियाल , गढ़वाल के लोकनृत्य गीत
           इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति - भीष्म कुकरेती


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 23/8/2014 for interpretation notes   
Contact ID -bckukreti@gmail.com
Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
References -
1-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya Geet
2- Keshav Anuragi, Nad Nandani (Unpublished)
3- Dayashankar Bhatt, Divya Sangit (Unpublished)
4- Glossary of Indian Classic Music
XX

[Bhishma Kukreti]

                     कुछ इनै उनै बटें कट्ठा कर्यां विचार अर धारणा

                           घपरोळया , हंसोड्या , चुनगेर ,चबोड़्या -चखन्यौर्या -भीष्म कुकरेती     
                   
(s =आधी अ  = अ , क , का , की ,  आदि )

  ऐतवारौ कुण म्यार मन मा कुछ बिंडी इ विचार आंदन। 

अब जन कि नरेंद्र मोदीन शौचालय पर बहस छिड़वै दे त सब जगह शौचालय की छ्वीं लगणा छन।

हमन बि गांव मा एक सँजैत शौचालय बणाइ।  किन्तु चाची वै शौचालय तैं साल भर मा एक दैं बि प्रयोग नि करदि।  चचिक बुलण च बल रोज झाड़ा करिक शौचालय गंदु ह्वे जांद।  फिर झाड़ा करण मा बल जु मजा गदन आंद उ मजा शौचालय मा नि आंद।

कलावती बोडि कुण बि भैजिन ट्वाइलेट बणयुं च अर बोडिन वै ट्वाइलेट पुटुक लखड़ धर्यां छन। बोडिक  बुलण च बल ट्वाइलेट की गंध बर्दास्त नि हूँदि।

प्रधान जीन एक सार्वजानिक शौचालय बि बणवयूं  च किंतु पाणी व्यवस्था करद बिसरी गेन त वु शौचालय बणदि बांज पौड़ी गे।

अब जन कि नरेंद्र मोदी बुलणा छन कि बिजली बचाओ अर देशभक्त बणो  त परिवार वाळु बुलण पर मि रात ना त पौड़ सकुद ना इ लेखि सकुद।   म्यार परिवारो बुलण च बल गढ़वाली या गढ़वाली मुतालिक लिखण -पढ़न से कुछ मिल्दु त नी च उल्टां बिजली खर्चा फोकट मा हूंद। नरेंद्र मोदिका असर म्यार परिवार पर बि पोड़ी गे।

इंदिरा गांधी का बाद नरेंद्र मोदी ही इन प्रधानमंत्री ह्वे जैक बुल्युं पर लोग ध्यान दीणा छन।  जगा जगा 100 स्मार्ट सिटी की बात हुणि छन।  खबर  च बल राहुल गांधी बि 100 स्मार्ट सिटी की बात करणा रौंदन बल 100 स्मार्ट सिटी की शुरुवात तो कॉंग्रेसन करी छे।  व्है सकुद च राहुल गांधी सही ह्वावन।  मेरी राहुल गांधी तैं पॉलिटिकल मार्केटिंग सलाह च कि 100 स्मार्ट सिटी की बात कतै नि कारो अर 10,0000 स्मार्ट विलेज की बात कारो।

उत्तराखंड सरकार तैं गैरसैण तैं स्मार्ट सिटी बणाण चयेंद।

आप पार्टी तैं स्मार्ट व्यक्ति की बात करण चयेंद तो समाजवादी पार्टी तैं स्मार्ट राजनैतिक परिवारवाद की बात करण चयेंद।

हरीश रावत जी जब तलक चीफ मिनिस्टर नि बौण छा तो बुले जांद छौ कि उत्तराखंड तैं हरीश रावत मुख्यमंत्री चयाणु च किंतु अब लोग बुलणा छन कि डा रमेश निशंक अर हरीश रावत मा कुछ बि फरक नी च बल रावत जी बि डा निशंक का तरां घोषणा ही करणा रौंदन।

ढांगू-उदयपुर (यमकेश्वर विधानसभा क्षेत्र ) मा ए साल गदन /भळक ऐन पर हमन विधायका श्रीमती विजया बड़थ्वाल की क्वी न्यूज नि पौढ़।

Copyright@  Bhishma Kukreti  24 /8/ 2014     
*लेख में  घटनाएँ , स्थान व नाम काल्पनिक हैं ।




Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language, Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language , Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language , North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language , Ridicule in Garhwali Language  , Mockery in Garhwali Language, Send-up in Garhwali Language, Disdain in Garhwali Language, Hilarity in Garhwali Language, Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language; Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language from Pauri Garhwal; Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language from Rudraprayag Garhwal; Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language from Chamoli Garhwal; North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language from Tehri Garhwal; , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language from Uttarkashi Garhwal; Ridicule in Garhwali Language from Bhabhar Garhwal; Mockery  in Garhwali Language from Lansdowne Garhwal; Hilarity in Garhwali Language from Kotdwara Garhwal; Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language from Haridwar;
--

[Bhishma Kukreti]

                             ट्रांसफर याने डंड्याणो (दंड ) एक नायब माध्यम !

                                    घपरोळया , हंसोड्या , चुनगेर ,चबोड़्या -चखन्यौर्या -भीष्म कुकरेती     
                   
(s =आधी अ  = अ , क , का , की ,  आदि )


ट्रांसफर सद्यनि बटें कै तैं उत्साहित करणो या डंड्याणो (दंड दीण ) नायब माध्यम च।

एक पार्टीक सरकार जांद अर हैंक पार्टीक सरकार आंद त थोक भावुं मा अधिकार्युं ट्रांसफर हूंद।  मतबल अधिकार्युं राजनीतिकरण हुयुं रौंद।  यदि सरकारी अधिकार्युं राजनीतिकरण नी बि हुयूं हो त ट्रांसफर नीति से चट्टेलिक  अधिकार्युं राजनीतिकरण करे जांद अर ट्रांसफर का बाद मुख्यमंत्री एक सर्कुलर बि भेजदु कि सबि अधिकार्युं तैं राजनैतिक दखलंदाजी से दूर रौण चयेंद।

अधिकार्युं ट्रांसफर या अधिकारी ट्रांसफर दुनिया तैं दिखाणो एक जरिया बि च कि सरकार चुस्त च।

कबि कै प्रदेश जन कि उत्तर प्रदेश मा अपराध बढ़ जावन अर प्रेस वाळ या विरोधी पार्टीक सियां नेता बिजी जावन तो मुख्यमंत्री थोक मा पुलिस कॉन्स्टेबलूँ ट्रांसफर करिक बतांद बल अब अपराध पर काबू पाये जाल याने अधिकार्युं ट्रांसफर सरकार का वास्ता छवि चमकाणो  पॉलिश  बि च। ट्रांसफर छवि मंजाणो पुत्या च , ट्रांसफर मंजन बि च।

कखि अपण पार्टीका कार्यकर्ताओं द्वारा जवानी का जोश माँ बलात्कार ह्वे जावो  तो सबसे पैल थाना कु सिपाही कु ट्रांसफर करे जांद अर जताए जांद कि सरकार की मंशा बलात्कार्युं तैं बचाणै नी च।  इनमा ट्रांसफर अपण गू हैंक पर चिपकाणो काम ऐ जांद।

जब उत्तराखंड उत्तरप्रदेश मा छौ तो पहाड़ी क्षेत्र अधिकार्युं तैं पनिशमेंट भुगणो बड़ो शांत क्षेत्र माने जांद छौ।  तब हत्या , बलात्कार , भ्रष्टाचार , स्त्री अत्याचार का दोषी कर्मिक या अधिकारी जौं पर कार्यालय या कोर्ट मा इन्क्वारी चलणि रौंद छे ऊं तैं डंड दीणो सरल तरीका छौ कि ऊंक ट्रांसफर पहाडूं मा करे जावो।

ट्रांसफर राजनीतिग्युं कुण राजनीतिक  चौसर  खिलणो एक तरीका च जखमा कर्मिक अर अधिकारी कौड़ी छन,  बट्टा छन ।

उत्तराखंड मा अध्यापकों ट्रांसफर कै बि सरकार का वास्ता गौळै हड्डी च।  अध्यापक नाराज ह्वे जावन तो शर्तिया सरकारी दल चुनाव हारी जांद।  इलैइ उत्तराखंड मा आज तक क्वी बि सरकार अध्यापकुं  वास्ता क्वी बि ट्रांसफर नीति लागू नि कौर साक।  पहाड़ों मा अध्यापक राजनीतिक कार्यकर्ताओं से अधिक कारगर छन। पहाड़ूं मा अध्यापक चिमल्ठूं पेथण छन अर चिमल्ठूं पेथण पर हथ लगाणो मतबल अफु तैं अफिक चिमल्ठूं से तड़कवाण !

अच्काल ट्रांसफर राजयपालों तैं दंगळयाणो एक जरिया बण गे।

यूपीए सरकार की मेहरबानी याने सोनिया गांधी परिवार का स्वामी भक्त नेता अर रिटायर्ड अधिकार्युं तैं  राज्यपाल बणये गे छौ पर यी लोग जब भाजपा का आणो बाद बि राज्यपाल की कुर्सी छुड़णो तयार नि ह्वेन तो भाजपा सरकारन सदाबहार ट्रांसफर नीति अपणै याने बड़ा प्रदेश का राज्यपाल कु ट्रांसफर मिजोरम जन प्रदेश मा करी दे। इनमा राज्यपाल  अपण बेज्जती समजिक राज्यपाल की गद्दी छोड़ी दींद या कमला बेनवाल जन हठी गुजारत बिटेन मिजोरम जाणो तयार बि ह्वे जांद।  खैर एबगतां राज्यपालुं  ट्रांसफर नीति राज्यपालों तैं रपटाणो नीति का अलावा कुछ नी च।

अजकाल ट्रांसफर डंड्याणो एक नायब तरीका च। 

Copyright@  Bhishma Kukreti  25 /8/ 2014     
*लेख में  घटनाएँ , स्थान व नाम काल्पनिक हैं ।




Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language, Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language , Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language , North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language , Ridicule in Garhwali Language  , Mockery in Garhwali Language, Send-up in Garhwali Language, Disdain in Garhwali Language, Hilarity in Garhwali Language, Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language; Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language from Pauri Garhwal; Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language from Rudraprayag Garhwal; Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language from Chamoli Garhwal; North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language from Tehri Garhwal; , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language from Uttarkashi Garhwal; Ridicule in Garhwali Language from Bhabhar Garhwal; Mockery  in Garhwali Language from Lansdowne Garhwal; Hilarity in Garhwali Language from Kotdwara Garhwal; Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language from Haridwar;
--

[Bhishma Kukreti]

                     Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -163     

   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -410

                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
 
                                Rise of Nazib Khan /Nazeeb Khan

             In the later period of Garhwal King Pradip Shah, Nazeeb Khan Rohilla captured Bhabhar and Doon regions. After the death of Nazeeb Khan, the governor of Doon came under rule of Pradip Shah. However, Rohillas ruled on Bhabhar and later on Awadh Nabab captured Bhabhar from Rohillas.
  Nazib Khan belonged to Roh of Afghanistan. He came to India with his son in search of job. Initially he served with Muhmmad Khan Bangas and Bjir Gajiuddin first. Later on he served Ali Muhammad Rohilla. Ali Muhammad Khan promoted Nazeeb Khan and appointed him Jagirdar of Jalalabad Pargana. In 1745, Ali Muhammad sent him to Balkheri for capturing Kumaon Kingdom. However, due to interference of Mughal army the planning for capturing Kumaon failed.
After failure of Kumaon campaign, Nazeeb Khan collected huge army and in 1751, he reached to help Ahmad Khan Bangas. There was battle in Lal Dhang. He captured Bijnaur and part of Saharanpur under him. There was no strong defence for Bhabhar from Pradip Shah side. Nazeeb Khan captured Mayurdhwaj and Chandanpur of Bhabhar under him.
               Mughal Jagir to Nazeeb Khan
In 1753, Safdar Jung revolted against Mughal attacked on Mughal region. Nazeeb Khan reached with 15 thousand soldiers to Delhi to help Mughal Emperor. Nazeeb Khan defeated Safdar Jung.  Mughal Emperor was unable to pay the payment of solders of Nazeeb Khan. Nazeeb Khan started looting the subjects in Delhi. Mughal Emperor appointed him Bakshi of Ganga Doab and east of Gnga where Rohillas rule was there to collect taxes.
Capturing west part of Rohilkhand, he captured other regions of Saharanpur and Meerut those were not under him. 
                             Establishing Nazibabad

  Till Akbar time, Nazibabad and Afzalgarh were under Garhwal Kingdom. Most of the Bhabhar was dense forest. There were scanty human establishments at the bank of rivers in Bhabhar. However, at the beginning of eighteenth century, Rohillas established their establishment in that region. As Rohillas established establishment Garhwali subjects migrated towards north in Garhwal. Garhwal Jagirdars were unable to stop Rohillas in establishing in today's Bijnaur region.
Nazeeb Khan understood the strategic importance of place south of present Kotdwara. The year when he got title of Nazibuddaula from Mughal Emperor, same year in 1755, , Nazeeb Khan made Nazibabad as his capital. He laid foundation of fort at Pathar Garh. He founded big township and built big fort there. Nazeeb Khan broke the Mayurdhwaj fort and used the stones for his fort.  Nazeeb Khan also constructed garden called Sultanbagh.
                    Looting of Salan Garhwal

            Rohillas from Nazibabad started invading Salan region (Kotdwara, Bdalpur, Duggadda, Langur, Dhangu, Ajmer and Udaypur regions). TRohillas used to loot wealth, human beingas and domestic animals from Salan. There are folklore and copper plate those to tell that Rohillas attacked on Salan many times.

       Nazeeb Khan as Meer Bakshi or Chief Army Staff
                  In 1753, Ahmad Shah Abdali marched towards Delhi after capturing Punjab to capture Mughal Empire. Nazeeb Khan helped Ahmad Shah Abdali. Abdali won Delhi with the help of Nazeeb Khan. Ahmad Shah Abdali appointed Nazeeb Khan as Army Chief (Meer Bakshi) and when Abdali returned he appointed Nazeeb as representative Ruler of Delhi. In fact, Nazeeb Khan became the ruler of Delhi.
             Nazeeb Khan Capturing Dehradun (Doon valley)
Nazib Khan established his rule in Ganga Doab, Saharanpur including Haridwar. Chait Singh a chieftain of Bahsuma province resisted the invasion of Nazeeb Khan. Nazib Khan defeated Chait Singh and Chait Singh came under Rohilla rule. Other local chieftains were already under Nazeeb Khan.
Nazeeb Khan heard about the prosperity of Doon valley or Dehradun.  In 1757, Nazeeb Khan sent his army to invade Doon valley.  The Rohilla army crossed the river ports of Shivalik and entered into Doon valley. Garhwal army tried to resist a couple of place but Rohilla army defeated Garhwal army. Nazeeb Khan combined plains of Doon valley under Saharanpur region. Nazeeb Khan appointed a resident officer for Doon valley.
                   Reasons for Defeat of Garhwal Army
Though Garhwal army was specialist army for Hill region but in past Rohillas already defeated Kumaon army. Rohilla army already had experience of marching in forest of Bhabhar as in bijnoour (Mayurdhwaj).
Rohillas became winning warriors and other armies were afraid of Rohillas terror. The Rohilla army's battle management was far superior to Garhwal army.
Every Rohilla soldier had a gun and he was expert in targeting the gun. The battalion of Rohilla army was divided scientifically into small commands for specific attack.
The Rohilla army and gained to adopt strategy as per opposite army and as per place. They were expert in flanking on enemy in night. The Rohilla army was more motivated than Garhwal army. Garhwal army was totally untrained and did not have modern ammunition than Rohillas. All Rohillas were dedicated to capture whole of India for under Rohilla rule.
                            Rohilla Administration in Doon Valley
   The Rohilla administration in Dehradun was people and trade oriented. This time, Rohilla army did not repress the subjects. On the contrary Rohillas corrected the administration. Rohillas handed over the job of tax collection and tax management with Hindu accountants (Munshi). Rohillas protected the people and farmers from dacoits.
      The farming increased in Dehradun in the Rohilla period. There were new establishment of villages under Rohilla rule and numbers of villages reached up to 500. Rohillas encouraged farmers for constructing canals and wells. The farm tax income of Doon reached up to Rs.1, 26,000 per annum.
  The trade also got developed in Doon valley. Many 'mandis' (who sale markets) emerged in Dehradun region and the goods of hills started coming to these 'mandis' for trade. There was encouraging export of Doon produces to other areas.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 24/8/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -411
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ....
XX    
Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal;  SouthAsian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued
XX
Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Bijnaur of Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Nazibabad of Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Hardiwar Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Pauri Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Dehradun Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Gangasalan Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Malla Salan Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Talla Salan Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Kotdwara Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Haridwar Garhwal; Rohillas Capturing Bhabhar and Doon Garhwal in context History of Saharanpur;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

           Raids from Maratha and Sikhs in Dehradun and Haridwar

History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -164     

   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -411

                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)

                               Raids of Maratha
  In 1757, Malhar Rav Holkar the Maratha ruler reached to Saharanpur with his army and Nazeeb Khand had to flee towards his west Rohilla region. Maratha raided on Saharanpur including Doon and Haridwar. Maratha army looted the region. As Maratha reached to Punjab, Nazeeb freed doon and Saharanpur. On 10th October 1759, Maratha army crossed Ganga from Chandi Ghat and marched towards Nazibabad. Maratha captured Sabbal Garh Fort and reached near Nazibabad. However, Maratha could not capture Nazibabad Fort. Maratha looted the area.
                           Third Panipat Battle
         Marathas captured Punjab from Ahmad Shah Abdali. In 1760, Ahmad Shah Abdali attacked on Maratha in Punjab. Rohilla Comander Nazeeb Khan and Awadh ruler Shuja Uddaula helped Ahamd Shah Abdali against Marathas. Maratha asked help from other Hindu Kings but they refused to do so.
Kumaon King sent his 4000 soldiers under Hari Ram and Birbal Singh Negi for Rohilla and Ahmad Shah Abdali. There was a treaty between Shiv Datt Joshi of Kumaon that in case, Abdali is defeated by Maratha, Nazeeb Khan would take shelter in Kumaon. Nazeeb Khan appointed Harsh Dev Joshi as resident of Nazibabad region in his absence. Marathas were defeated very badly. Ahmad Shah Abdali handed over again the charge of Delhi to Nazeeb Khan. Nazeeb Khan became the ruler of Delhi.
                       Raids of Sikhs

  Due to invasion of Abdali, the administration in Punjab became weak. The Sikh armed soldiers started raiding here and there. Sikh raiders also raided in Haridwar and Don Regions regularly. Nazeeb was unable to stop the raids of Sikh.
In 1764, 4000 armed Sikhs raided into Dehradun and looted the area. They raided whole of Rohillas. In 1768, Nazeeb Khan handed over his charge to his son Zabita Khan. Initially Zabita Khan tried to stop Sikhs but later on, Zabita Khan paid tribute to Sikhs and had temporary treaty.
                           Fall of Zabita Khan
  Nazeeb Khan died on 23rd February 1772. Zabita Khan took th e charge of Delhi as Meer Bakshi. Jabita Khan was Meer Bakshi of Delhi for three months. In February 1771, Maratha attacked on Delhi and pushed away Jabita Khan from Delhi.
After one year that is on 23rd February, Maratha and Mughal armies crossed Ganga from Chandi Ghat and attacked on Rohilla army.
Faijulla Khan the brother in law of Zabita Khan escaped into Tarai with lot of wealth and his family.
On the same night, Jabita Khan also escaped from his camp towards hills in north.
Maratha army captured Afjalkhan the uncle of Zabita Khan. Many army chiefs of jabita Khan ran away from Rohilla region. Maratha army surrounded Nazibabad fort for 15 days. In the mean time, Maratha army was engaged looting the region too. On 15th day, Martha could capture the Pathar Durg of Nazibabad fort. Maratha allowed the Rohilla families to go away elsewhere. However, Maratha did punish the Turani Mughal people. Maratha made men and women naked. Another Meer Bakshi Nazaf Khan freed Turani Mughal from Marathas. Maratha took revenge of deceits and wicked acts of Nazeeb Khan.
  Maratha dug the treasurer of Nazeeb Khan and took twenty days in digging and looting. Maratha captured wealth worth of ten lakhs with thousand of horses, elephants, guns and ammunition. Now, Mughal Emperor had right over Zabita khan's Jagir.
                         Recapturing Dehradun by Pradip Shah
When bad days of Zabita Khan started, Pradip Shah took back Dehradun from Rohillas. However, at that time Pradip Shah had become old and weak. The administration of Dehradun was being held with the advice of Guru Ram Rai Darbar.
                     Death of Pradip Shah
  Pradip Shah had a paralysis attack and became very weak. He was medicated but could not recover. Pradip Shah died in 1772. 
          Characteristics of Garhwal King Pradip Shah
Pradip Shah was peace loving King and used to forgive his subordinate for unforgivable mistakes too.
Medhakar Shastri was the court poet of Pradip Shah. Medhkar Shastri created Ramayanpradip in Sanskrit. Medhkar  Shastri also edited Manodaykavya.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 25/8/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -412
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ....
XX    
Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal;  SouthAsian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued
XX

[Bhishma Kukreti]

                         History of Garhwal King Lalit Shah part - 1
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -165     

   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -412

                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
Name of Lalit Shah- All the lists describe him as Lalit Shah including Maularam. However, his name is engraved as LalitKumarShah in his coin.
          Information Source about Lalit Kumar Shah
There are sources of information about Lalit Shah as-
1-Maularam
2-Coins and inscriptions
3-History accounts of Sikh and Rohillas
4-A Portrait drew by Maularam
                        Ruling Period of Lalit Shah 
There are following suggestions for ruling period of Lalit Shah –
1-Becket and Walton- 1772-1780
2-Raturi- 1780-1791
3-Williams- 1774-1781
The Deevan of Garhwal informed to Hardwick that Lalit Shah expired in 1781. That is why Williams suggested the death of Lalit Shah in 1781. By reading Gadhrajvanshkavya by Maularam it is obvious that his son Pradyumna Shah did not reach to Kumaon in his father Lalit Shah's life. 
  Lalit Shah died while he was campaigning for Kumaon win. He caught Malaria and died in August. 
After death of Lalit Shah, Jaykrit Shah sent Pradyumn Shah to Kumaon. The first copper inscription of Pradyumna Shah (son of Lalit Shah) is 1781. That means Lalit Shah was no more before 1781.Therefore, historians suggested that Lalit Shah died in around 1780.

            Family of Garhwal King Lalit Shah
       Lalit Shah had three queens. He had four sons. The eldest queen of Lalit Shah was princess of Kyunthal. Jai Krit Shah was born from eldest queen of Lalit Shah. Lalit Shah did not have good relation with prince Jaikrit Shah and his mother. Lalit Shah used to shout  on Jai Krit Shah and his eldest queen.
Second wife of Lalit Shah was daughter of Doti King Kridam Sain. At the time of marriage of Lalit Shah with princess of Doti, Garhwal King had treaty with Kumaon King Duli Chand. The marriage procession of Lalit Shah passed through Kumaon. The marriage of Lalit Shah with Doti prince might have held before 1777.  Mohan Chand (Kumaon King after Duli Chand) was married to daughter of Doti King Deepsain the son of Kridamsain.
  Lalit Shah had heist affection for Doti princess and she was called Doti Rani. Her sons were Pradyuman and Parakram.
Thrid queen of Lalit shah was daughter of elite from Garhwal called as Thakurani. Her son was Pritam. Perhaps she did not get due regard and importance in kingdom as she was not from king family. Historians do not get much record about prince Pritam. That means Pritam was also ignored by administrators and King.
The birth years of princess of Lalit Shah are presumed as follows
Jaikrit Shah – 1760
Pradyumn Shah – 1766
Prakram Shah – 1769
Pritam Shah - 1774
                       Management of Badrikashram Temple
    Folklore describes that Shankaracharya handed over the charge of rituals and management of Badrinath temple to his disciple Trotakacharya. The disciples of Trotakachary looked after ritual management till fifteenth century.  From fifteenth century till 1776, Dandiswami used to look after rituals and management of Badrinath.
  According to Raturi, a Dandiswami Ram Krishna died in 1776. There was no other Dandiswami available for the ritual performances. There was Gopal a Nambudaripad Brahmin who used to cook food and Prasad in the kitchen. Lalit Shah was also present in Badrinath when Dandiswami ram Krishna died. Lalit Shah handed over the job of Dandiswami to Gopal bu offering him Chhatra, Chanvar, income source etc. Lalit Shah positioned the post as Rawal.
Gopal requested to the King that after he becomes Rawal his family would not have income source. The King offered Gopal and his family Dimar village and from that day the family members of Gopal Nambudiparad were called Dimri. The king also arranged other source of income for Gopal and his family members as gifts (Vriti) of Lakshmi Mandir.
From that day, Rawal had been being appointed from Nambudiparad families of Kerala.

                                               Honoring Scholars
          Lalit Shah honored scholars as his predecessors used to honor. He appointed Ram Datt Bahuguna (son of Medhkar Shastri) as Dharmadhikari. The Dharmadhikari post was continued till Devi Prasad Bahuguna of Pokhari village. 
Bahgunas constructed a library in Pokhari. Kumaoni Pundits took those books at the time of Johsiyani.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 26/8/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -413
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ....
XX    
Notes on South Asian Early Modern Period  History of Garhwal;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian  Early Modern Period   History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Early Modern Period  History of Haridwar district to be continued
XX

[Bhishma Kukreti]

              बल ए साल बि गढ़वाळम गदन ऐन , भळक ऐन

                                  चबोड़्या - भीष्म कुकरेती

s - आधा अ

बल टीवी मा द्याख बल हर सालों तरां ,

ए साल बि गढ़वाळम बादल फटिन जोर से सद्यनो तरां

बल टीवी वाळुंन पुरण क्लिपुं तैं नै हिसाब से बताइ कि  ढांगू -उदैपुर मा जोर का गदन ऐन मतबल   बाढ़ ऐ।

अखबारुं मा त ना पर फेसबुक मा द्याख बल लंगूर-ढांगू -उदैपुर मा कथगै जगा भळक ऐन मतबल भूस्खलन का पुराणी क्लिप ना असली चित्र देखिन।

मि नि जाणदु कि जान माल कु कथगा नुकसान ह्वे। अब जब सरकार इ नि बताली त मि तै सुपिन थुका आल कि म्यार गां मा क्या नुकसान ह्वे।

पर मि जाणदु छौं कि ये साल बि टीवी स्टूडियो मा पॉलिटीसयन, पत्रकार अर पर्यावरण वादी हिमालयी व्यवस्था का वास्ता रोला -पिटला अर  दण दण घड़ियाली आंसू अवश्य बगाला अर फिर हैंक साल की बाढ़ -भूस्खलन की जग्वाळ मा फसोरिक से जाला।

मि नि जाणदु कि ढांगू -उदैपुर वाळुं तै बाढ़ - भूस्खलन का अंदाजा पैलि लगि गे छौ कि ना।

किन्तु एक बात  त अवश्य ह्वे होलि कि दिल्ली मा अबै दै  कॉंग्रेसन भाजपा सरकार तैं  उनि गाळी दे होलि जन पोर -परार भाजपान कॉंग्रेस सरकार तैं निठल्ला आपदा प्रबंधन कमिसन का वास्ता दे छौ। कॉंग्रेसन भाजपा की तरां अभियोग लगै होलु कि डिजास्टर मैनेजमेंट एक सफेद हाथी च।  अभियोग मा कॉंग्रेस का गाळयूं शब्द वी ही रै होला जु पोर -परार भाजपा का गाळयूं मा शब्द रयोग ह्वे होला।

मुख्यमंत्री न अवश्य ही दुःख जतै होलु अर टीवी मा बयान दे होलु कि प्रभावितों तैं हर सम्भव सहायता दिए जाली। अखबार सरकार का विरुद्ध ज्यादा नि ल्याखन की चिंता मुख्यमंत्री तैं ज्यादा ह्वे होलि तो अखबारुं मुख बंद करणो वास्ता अखबारुं तैं सरकारी विज्ञापन याने मुख्यमंत्रीक मुखड़ा दिखाण वाळ विज्ञापनुं भेंट दिए गे होलि।

इख तक कि भूतपूर्व मुख्यमंत्री विजय बहुगुणान बि बाढ़ -भूस्खलन पर  सोनिया जी अर राहुल गांधी जीs  तर्फ़ान अत्यंत चिंता व्यक्त करि होलि।

जन कि हूंद च   कि यमकेश्वर क्षेत्र की विधायिका श्रीमती बड़थ्वाल , विरोधी दल की द्वी और नेत्यांणी श्रीमती कैंतुरा अर श्रीमती बिष्ट ये मामला मा उदासीन ही रै होला।

मि नि जाणदु कि जौंक चौक बगी होलु वूंक  चौक का वास्ता सरकारी अनुदान मीलल कि ना किंतु भौत  सा ग्राम प्रधानुं ये साल नया नया चौक अवश्य बौणल।

मि क्या जनता बि नि जाणदि कि जौंक सनी/गौशाला  उजड़ी होलि वूंक सनिक /गौशालाक क्या ह्वालु किन्तु सब तैं पता च कि भौत सा पंचायत सदस्यों नई छनि /सन्नी /गौशाला सत -प्रतिशत चिणे जालि।

कै तैं नि पता कि जौंक कूड़ उजड़ वूं तैं सरकार क्या मुवावजा द्याली पर सब तैं पुरू भरवस च कि ये साल ब्लॉक प्रमुखुं नई चकाचक कोठी देहरादून या कोटद्वार मा अवश्य बणन।

प्रवासी संस्थौन अपण अपण लियाकत से चंदा भिजण।

बस कुछ दिन बाद सब्युंन दिवाळी -बग्वाळी -मकरैणी - बिखोत का त्यौहारुं मा बौगे जाण अर फिर तबि खौंळेण /आश्चर्य चकित हूण  हैंक साल फिर कै हैंक जगा बाढ़ आली , भूस्खलन होलु।

रघुकुल रीति सदा चली आई का हम शिष्य छंवां  हमन   तबि बिजण जब हमर नुक्सान ह्वे जालु वै से पैल हमन सियुं रौण !

Copyright@  Bhishma Kukreti  27  /8/ 2014     
*लेख में  घटनाएँ , स्थान व नाम काल्पनिक हैं ।




Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language, Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language , Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language , North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language , Ridicule in Garhwali Language  , Mockery in Garhwali Language, Send-up in Garhwali Language, Disdain in Garhwali Language, Hilarity in Garhwali Language, Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language; Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language from Pauri Garhwal; Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language from Rudraprayag Garhwal; Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language from Chamoli Garhwal; North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language from Tehri Garhwal; , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language from Uttarkashi Garhwal; Ridicule in Garhwali Language from Bhabhar Garhwal; Mockery  in Garhwali Language from Lansdowne Garhwal; Hilarity in Garhwali Language from Kotdwara Garhwal; Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language from Haridwar;
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[Bhishma Kukreti]

           History of Managing Doon valley in Lalit Shah Period
                         History of Garhwal King Lalit Shah part - 2
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -166     

   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -413

                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
In last days of Pradip Shah, Garhwal King Pradip could get back Dehradun from Mughal rule. However, Pradip Shah could not pay attention on managing Dehradun (Doon Valley). Rohilla commander Nazibuddaula established tens of Rohilla and Pathan families in Doon valley. Pradip Shah pushed back Rohilla and Pathan from Doon valley. However, Pradip Shah did not take proper decision to manage Doon valley and the disturbances in Doon valley persisted there even after his death.
  Till then, the head quarter of Dehradun /Doon valley was in Nvada. At this period, the population nearby Guru Ram Rai Durbar or Dera at Dhamawala had been increasing.  The governor of Doon valley shifted head quarter of Doon at Dera Dhamawala. The Mahant of Guru Ram Rai had been regularly interfering in the Doon Management. 
              Extention of Awadh's (Oudh) Territory by Shuja-ud- Daula
  Due to interference of Maratha, Jabita Khan became Meer Bakshi of Mughal Empire in 1773. However, his wealth and armed force power was reduced due to Shakrtal and Pithoragarh defeat. Nazib ud Daula the father of Jabita Khan used to help his native forces of Rohillas and Afghans . When around 1774, Rohillas and Afghans were fighting for their existences, Jabita Khan could not help his native forces. However, his secret connections were with Rohillas. In 1774, Oudh/Awadh Nabab Shuja ud Daula defeated Rohillas  in Meeran Katra battle. Now, Shuja Ud Daula decided to capture the territory of Jabita Khan. Oudh Nabab captured the territories of Jabita Khan. Nabab captured Nazibabad too and east of Ganga territories.
Oudh Nabab Shuja ud Daula captured South Bhabhar. Now, South Bhabhar   -Mordhwaj, Bijnor, Nazibabad, Chandanpur, Motadhang (parts of Garhwal before Nazib Khan) was under Shuja ud- Daula. A narrow strip of LalDhang to Chandighat was under Garhwal Kingdom.

                          Jabita Khan attacking on Doon Valley 
   After losing main territory of east of Ganga, Bijnor etc, Jabita Khan had some parts of Meerut and Saharanpur. He was Meer Bakshi just for naming sake. Mirja Najaf was looking after the administration of Mughal administration. Jabita Khan had to pay tribute to Mughal Empire as other Jagirdars used to pay. Jabita Khan tried to recapture Doon valley.
  According to folklore, Jabita Khand attacked on a fort of Bhogpur in 1775. At the same time, Mughal Emperor appointed Abulkasimkhan as Faujdar of Saharanpur and ordered him to collect tax from Jabita Khan who did not pay tribute or amny years. Jabita Khan had to return from Doon valley to Saharanpur empty hand.
                   First Sikh Attack on Doon Valley
  Since, Mughal Kingdom was in very bad shape, Sikh armed forces used to loot here and there. Sikh armed forces attacked whole of Doon in 1775. Sikh soldiers looted cruelly to whole Dehradun and did destruction too.
                            Escaping by Jabita Khan
  After looting Doon valley, Sikh soldiers were to loot Saharanpur. Jabita Khan paid them heavy price for not looting Saharanpur region.
In 1776, with the help of Sikh forces, Jabita Khan killed the Mughal Faujdar of Saharanpur. On 24th April 1777, Mughal army defeated Jabita Khan. Jabita Khan ran away from Saharanpur and Mughal army captured his son Gulam Kadir and family members. Jabita Khan accepted Sikh sect and became Dharma Singh.
                  Second Looting of Doon Valley by Sikh Forces
In 1778, a Mughal force was sent to Punjab for suppressing the Sikh forces. Initially, Mughal force got success. However, in later stage, Mughal force was defeated by compbined forces of Kings or rulers of Patiyala, Jeend, Nabh, Bhadora and Malod. Now, the combined force crossed Yamuna River and looted Doon valley very cruelly.
          Arriving Garhwal Army in Doon Valley
   Garhwal King was a worried King. Lalit Shah was worried about new territories for his sons from Dotiyali wife.  Garhwal King Lalit Shah appointed new force in his army with an intention to win new territories. Lalit Shah sent his new army for protecting Doon valley. However, till then Sikhs went back towards Punjab after looting Dehradun. Garhwal King ordered his new army to win over Sirmaur Kingdom. However, Sirmaur Army defeated Garhwal Army.

  Raiding on Doon Valley by Rajput and Gurjar
  The new force went back to Shrinagar from Doon valley after getting defeat from Sirmaur army.
Now, Rajput forces and Gurjar forces of Saharanpur started raiding on Doon valley. A few commanders collected armed forces in Haridwar, Saharanpur and Meerut. They used to appoint forces on the basis of partition on looted wealth. Regularly Rajputs and Gurjar forces started looting Doon Valley.
The local subjects used to protect themselves from raiders. These looters used to raid on Doon via Timli and Mohan Ghats. When the Khubadgujar Jagirdar became powerful than Pundir, the force of Landhaura Talukedar or Jagirdar or Gurjar chieftain  Ramdayal Singh captured that path and started raiding Doon Valley.
                       Awarding Raiders
When Pundir and other Rajputs and Gurjar Talukedars were busy in raiding Doon valley, Lalit Shah was busy in planning to capture Kumaon for his sons with Joshis of Kumaon Kingdom.
  Lalit Shah rewarded the raiders that there would be peace in Doon vaaley. Lalit Shah appointed Gulab Singh Pundir as Jagirdar of twelve villages of Doon valley. Lalit Shah also married his daughter with Gulab Singh that Gulab Singh Pundir would protect the interest of Doon.
Lalit Shah offered Ram Dayal Singh five villages. He offered some villages to Rav (Thokdar)  of Khedi ( Haridwar), Rav of Sakrauda  (Haridwar) and Rav of Raypur.
  Llait Shah appointed son of Gulab Singh Pundir as governor of Doon valley and another Pundir – Peetambar Singh was offered Jagir of two villages in Doon valley.

  Campaign of Sirmaur Attack by Lalit Shah
Lalit Shah had more affection for his Dotiyali queen. Lalit Shah did not like his eldest queen and price Jai Krit Shah. The court administrators took advantage of love for Doti queen and hate for eldest queen by the Garhwal King. The supporters of Doti queen became more influential in Garhwal court of Lalit Shah. Lalit Shah promised his Doti queen that her sons would get the throne.
There were two groups –one was supporting Jai Krit Shah as heir of Kingdom and other group was  supporter of Pradyumna or Parakram Shah as heirs of Garhwal Kingdom .However, as per Garhwali culture, the eldest son would had right on the crown.  Ultimately, Lalit shah had to obey the culture.
Doti queen was furious about Jai Krit Shah being grown as prince of Kingdom. As Dashrath promised his queen Kaikayi, Lalit Shah promised his queen Doti that he would win Sirmaur and Kumaon for her two sons.
  Appointing new forces by Lalit Shah
  Lalit Shah had plan to conquer Kumaon and Sirmaur for the sons of Dotiyal queen. Lalit Shah collected armed forces on hire from Kumaon, Himachal and other places. These soldiers used to be readily available at any time for anybody.
                  Attack on Sirmaur
Lalit Shah collected a new army for protecting Dehradun. Lalit Shah ordered his new army to capture Sirmaur Kingdom from Doon.
Garhwal force surrounded Bairat Garh and burnt the fort. After getting Bairat Garh, Garhwal Force attacked on Kalsi fort. Sirmaur army ran away from Kalsi. However, Sirmaur army was busy to defend wherever they got Garhwal army. Sirmaur army defeated Garhwal army everywhere. Garhwal force had to escape from Sirmaur territory.
  Garhwal King had to have treaty with Sirmaur King. Garhwal army returned to Shrinagar. The soldiers demanded the salary from Garhwal King. Garhwal treasury did not have money to pay salary for newly appointed force gone to capture Sirmaur. By not getting salary, force threatened disturbing the capital. Lalit shah sold his personal valuables and paid back the salary of new force.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 27/8/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -414
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ....
XX    
Notes on South Asian Early Modern Period  History of Garhwal;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian  Early Modern Period   History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Early Modern Period  History of Haridwar district to be continued
XX

[Bhishma Kukreti]

                                 नेता कु पशुचरित्र   भाग - 1

                      चबोड़्या , चखन्यौर्या - भीष्म कुकरेती

s = अधा अ

ब्याळि मि अपण नातिक स्कूल ग्यों तो द्याख कि मास्टर जीन एक ऐनिमल किंगडम याने जानवरूं साम्राज्य कु बोर्ड टंग्युं छौ और मुख्य बोर्ड पर शीर्षक लिख्युं छौ नेताचारितम् याने नेताओं के मुख्य गुण और जानवरों के गुण !

मास्टरजी पढ़ाना छया -

नेता बणनो वास्ता मनुष्य तैं जानवरूं कु चरित्र अंगीकार करण आवश्यक हूंद।

गैंडा जन खलड़ी  - नेता की खाल गैंडा जन  म्वाट खलड़ो हूण जरूरी च कि जनता कथगा बि रोये -पीटे नेताजी की सेहत पर फरक नि पड़न चयेंद।  उ नेता नी च जु जनता का दुःख से दुखी ह्वे जावु।

बेशरम लोमड़ी /स्याळ - चालाकी मा नेताओं तैं स्याळ से बि अग्वाड़ी हूण चयेंद। दुसरौ याने म्वारुं  जमायुं शहद कु छत्ता पर अपण अधिकार करण मा कबि बि नि शर्माण चयेंद।

बिरळि - शांत अर ठंडो मिजाज सिखण हो त बिरळ से सिखण चयेंद , कथगा बि अभियोग लग जावन तो भी नरसिम्हा राव या मनमोहन सिंह जीक तरां शांत रौण चयेंद।

बिरळि अपण बच्चों तैं सात घौर दिखांदी - नेताओं तैं बि अपण द्वी नम्बरो कमाई कबि बि एक जगा मा या एक फॉरेन बैंक मा नि रखण चयेंद अपितु बेनामी चल अथवा अचल सम्पति तैं बराबर बदलण चयेंद।  हालांकि इन सुणन मा आयि बल अच्काल बल सहारा चिट फंड ,  श्रद्धा चिट फंड जन कम्पनी नेताओं बेनामी धन तैं इना ऊना घुमाणा रौंदन।

कळजिंड/ कोयल - कोयल अपण अंडा कवाक घोल मा धरदी याने अपण बोझ दुसरौ पीठ मा या काँध मा डळण सिखण   हो तो कोयल से या नारायण दत्त तिवाड़ी से सिखण चयेंद।

कर्रें - जब बि नेता विरोधी पार्टी का हूंद व या वा कर्रें तरां कर्र -कर्र करद।

कुत्ता - नेता तैं अपण कुर्सी का आस पास कै हैंक नेता तैं द्याख ना कि खदुळ कुत्ता का तरां भुकण शुरू कर दीण चयेंद।

कळु /तोता - चुनाव का टैम पर अच्छे दिन आएंगे की एकी रट अर चुनाव जितणो बाद रटण चयेंद अच्छे दिन लाणो वास्ता दस साल बि कम पोड़ल।

कळु /तोता - कळु तैं सूंघीक पता चल जांद कि कख फल पक्याँ छन ऊनि नेता तैं बि पता चलण चयेंद कि कख मलाई या चंदा मिलणु च।

गरुड़ - कुर्सी पर दूर से नजर पड़नै गुण गरुड़ से सिखण आवश्यक च।

चिंचुड़ - याने जनता कु खून चुस्वा

सरसु याने खटमल - शोषण करणै बड़ी सक्यात

गू खवा सुंगर - सुंगर टट्टी खाण से परेज नि करदु अर नेता शौचालय साफ़ करणो ठेका से घूस लीणम परेज नि करद।

बांदर -नकलची ! दुसरों नारा तैं अपण नारा बतैक भाषण दीण।

बकै दुसर दिन भाग 2 मा .......

Copyright@  Bhishma Kukreti  28  /8/ 2014     
*लेख में  घटनाएँ , स्थान व नाम काल्पनिक हैं ।




Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language, Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language , Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language , North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language , Ridicule in Garhwali Language  , Mockery in Garhwali Language, Send-up in Garhwali Language, Disdain in Garhwali Language, Hilarity in Garhwali Language, Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language; Garhwali Humor in Garhwali Language from Pauri Garhwal; Himalayan Satire in Garhwali Language from Rudraprayag Garhwal; Uttarakhandi Wit in Garhwali Language from Chamoli Garhwal; North Indian Spoof in Garhwali Language from Tehri Garhwal; , Regional Language Lampoon in Garhwali Language from Uttarkashi Garhwal; Ridicule in Garhwali Language from Bhabhar Garhwal; Mockery  in Garhwali Language from Lansdowne Garhwal; Hilarity in Garhwali Language from Kotdwara Garhwal; Cheerfulness in Garhwali Language from Haridwar;
--

[Bhishma Kukreti]

     History of Kumaon Campaign by Garhwal King Lalit Shah

                         History of Garhwal King Lalit Shah part - 3
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -167     

   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -414

                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)

                         Mohan Chand getting Kumaon Kingdom

     At the time of Deep Chand as Kumaon King, opponent of Kahsipur Bhabhar in charge Shiv Datt Joshi killed Shiv Datt Joshi. They also killed two sons of Shiv Datt Joshi. Third son Harsh Dev Joshi escaped from the opponents. After some time, Hari ram Joshi died. Now, the administrators were free do act as per their wishes and it was free for all in Kumaon Kingdom. Deep Chand was helpless to recover the administration. His queen Shringar Manjari started interfering in te court activities. King Deep Chand appointed Harsh Dev Joshi (son of Shiv Datt Joshi) and Jaikrishna Joshi on prominent positions in Kumaon court. The queen Shringar Manjari appointed Mohan Chand  Gusain and Parma Nand Bisht in place of Harsh Dev Joshi and Jaikrishna Joshi. Mohan Chand  Gusain and his brother Lal Singh Gusain were decedent of late King Bajbahadur.
In 1777, Mohan Chand arranged Killing of Deep Chand and his supporters including his sons. Jaikrishna jOshi was also killed. Harsh Dev Joshi was put in jail. Mohan Chand became King of Kumaon.
                           Joshi Escaping from Almora
Mohan Chand Gusain used to think Joshis as his main enemies. He killed Lakshmi Pati Joshi. Lakshmi Pati Joshi was subordinate of Harsh dev Joshi. Mohan Chand also killed other  Joshis and their supporters in Almora. Harsh Dev Joshi escaped from jail and reached to Bareli.  Jay Nand Joshi and other Joshi also reached to Bareli.
Joshis were not having any work in Bareli and it was difficult for them to run the life. At that period Garhwal army was defeated by Sirmaur army. Harsh Dev Joshi became active to make fool of Garhwal King Lalit Shah.
  Joshis sent a letter for Garhwal King Lalit Shah. In that letter they wrote that Lalit Shah could become the ruler of Kumaon and Sirmaur. Joshi requested Lalit Shah to attack on Kumaon and they would support Lalit Shah.

                   Lalit Shah coming under Conspiracies of Joshis
History is witness that solid Kingdom were destroyed due to greed and affection for women. King Lalit Shah was pleased to get letter from Joshi those were taking shelter in Bareli. He was already anxious to capture Sirmaur and Kumaon for his sons.
  Lalit Shah answered to Joshis. Garhwal King invited Joshis to come to Shrinagar. Lalit Shah wrote that Joshi can take Garhwal army to capture Almora and Champawat. King wrote that you (Joshis) kill Mohan Chand and ascend Garhwal Prince Pradyuman on Kumaon throne.
The supporting administrators of Dotiyali Queen as Prempati Khanduri and Nityanand Khanduri wanted sons of the Doti queen Pradyuman Shah or Prakram Shah as King. They and Lalit Shah forgot in the same situation Pradip Shah the grandfather of Lalit Shah was caught in great dangers due to conspiracy of forefathers of present Joshis.
                        Deceptive Methods of Joshis

  Joshis received the answer from Lalit Shah and were now, sure that the greedy King was under their selfish influences. Joshis wrote letter to the King that they were in heavy debts of 20-25 thousands rupees and before coming Garhwal they had to pay back the debts of money lenders.
Lalit Shah sent Rupees 25000 and gold coins too for Joshis living in Bareli. Joshis distributed money among themselves.
               Garhwal King Welcoming Joshis in Shrinagar

  Harsh Dev Joshi remained in Bareli under specific strategy. Jayanand Joshi and other Joshis came to Shrinagar. Joshis were resided in big Haveli and offered lavish dinner and lunches. Garhwal King ordered to store keeper and kitchen keeper to offer Joshis as per their demand.
          Joshis reached to the court of Lalit shah with Shrifal (coconut). Joshis blessed Garhwal King with misspelled or wrong rong meaningful Shloka.
  Lalit Shah and Joshis had sweet discussion. Jayanand  Joshi told that Joshis and other Kumaoni ministers   were ready to deceive their own Kingdom. Lalit Shah told that he was handing over his beloved son Pradyuman Shah to Kumaoni Pundits or ministers. Joshis advised the King that the King should send Garhwal army with them to Kumaon to dethrone Mohan Chand from Kumaon Kingdom. Joshis told to the King that they would take Pradyuman Shah after killing Mohan Chand.
                     Ascending Pradyuman Shah on Kumaon Throne
     In Shrinagar Joshis ascended Pradyuman Shahn on Kumaon throne with auspicious chanting. Joshis sent the message to their supporters in Almora. Joshis took money from Garhwal King and dispatched secretly to their supporters that is – commanders, administrators and elites of Kumaon in Almora for corrupting them.

                          Bagwalipokhar Battle
Garhwal King Lalit Shah sent Garhwal army led by Minister Prempati Khanduri and Commander Dhannu Gaddi with Joshis to conquer Kumaon. Garhwal army with Joshis entered in Kumaon from Lohaba side. Garhwal army reached to Dwarhat of Kumaon. Kumaon King Mohan Chand was now, a worried King. At the same time Harsh Dev Joshi also reached to Almora.
Mohan Chand promised Harsh Dev Joshi if Kumaon army defeat Garhwal Army Harsh Dev Joshi would get his post and honor back. Harsh Dev Joshi marched with Kumaon Army led by Lal Singh the brother of Mohan Chand to fight with Garhwal army. When Harsh Dev Joshi came to know that Garhwal Army defeated Kumaon army in Bagwali Pokhar, Harsh Dev Joshi reached secretly to meet Joshis who were with Garhwal Army. After defeat, Mohan Chand and his brother ran away from Kumaon (1779) and took shelter under Rampur ruler Faijulla Khan.

                       Rule of Joshis on Kumaon 
  Now, Joshis were real ruler of Kumaon. Harsh Dev Joshi and other Joshis were ruling Kumaon in the name of King Pradyuman Shah.  Prem Pati Khanduri was with them and he became their stern supporter.
Joshis and Khanduri sent a letter to Lalit Shah that he should send Kumaon King Pradyuman Shah to Almora.
                 Discussion about Sending Pradyuman Shah to Kumaon

  Lalit Shah discussed the matter with his aids. Pradyuman Shah was only thirteen years old prince and he was also not a strong built man.  Lalit Shah and ministers of Garhwal were aware the past killings of two Kumaoni Kings and in pat Pradip Shah was caught in major danger in Kumaon.
Lalit Shah wrote letter to Joshis that since, Pradyuman Shah was immature instead of prince the King was coming to Almora to reconstruct the administration. Joshis were not comfortable with Lalit Shah coming to Almora.
Joshis wrote back to Lalit Shah not to come to Almora but to dispatch Pradyuman Shah.

                    Lalit Shah Marching to Almora

  Lalit Shah was not satisfied by the answer of Joshis. He along with Garhwal army marched towards Kumaon. When Garhwal King reached at Khetsari, Joshis were afraid. Harsh Dev Joshi ran away from Almora.
Jayanand Joshi came to Khetsari and met the King Lalit Shah. Jayanand Joshi told to Lalit Shah that the deceptive ministers had run away from Almora and he was alone in Almora. He made Lalit Shah understands to camp in Dulari and he would bring the Kumaoni ministers and elites to the King. Jayanand also promised that he would bring Harsh Dev Joshi to meet the King.
  Lalit Shah accepted the advice of Jayanand Joshi and shifted his camp from Khetsari to Duladi.
                   Lalit Shah in Dulari camp for Seven Months
    Garhwal army dug the camp in Dulari/Duladi. Garhwal King had to camp in Dulari for seven months. Garhwal King wanted to meet harsh Dev Joshi before sending Pradyuman Shah to Almora. Joshis wanted that first Garhwal King should return to Shrinagar. Both sides were using diplomacy but both were susceptive with each other's deceptiveness.  Garhwal King was adamant to send his son without proper protection for his son in Almora. Lalit Shah  wanted to meet Harsh dev Joshi and harsh dev Joshi did not meet  him.
One day, harsh Dev Joshi appeared in Dulari with his own army. He entered in the camp of King. Harsh Dev Joshi talked with Garhwal King for a while and walked out from camp suddenly. The King and ministers were shocked to find the behavior of Harsh Dev Joshi. Garhwal King was helpless as Harsh Dev had his army with him. After that  short meeting Harsh Dev Joshi never came to meet Garhwal King Lalit Shah.
            Death of Lalit Shah in Dulari
               Lalit Shah offered money to Joshis to get Kumaon Kingdom. Joshis got back Kumaon Kingdom and did not allow Garhwal King to rule over Kumaon. Lalit Shah was a disturbed man in Dulari. Lalit shah and his many aids got caught by Malaria. Due to Malaria Lalit Shah died in August 1780. 
His body was brought back in Shrinagar and was cremated in Shrinagar.
  Kumaoni Folklore
  The Kumaon folklore sates slightly different story about Lalit Shah and Harsh Dev Joshi than what Maulram wrote in 'Garharjkavya'.
1-Harsh Dev invited Lalit Shah when he was in prison of Mohan Chand in Almora.  When Lalit Shah attacked on Kumaon, Mohan Chand freed Harsh Dev Joshi and sent Harsh Dev Joshi with Lal Singh's army to defend Garhwal army.
2-After Bagwalipokhar battle, Lalit Shah invited Harsh Dev Joshi at Pali. And there they ascended Pradyuman Shah on Kumaon crown.
Lalit shah died due to Malaria.
                                Character of Lalit Shah
   Lalit Shah was a greedy King.
He was not able to guess the power and strategic points of his enemy that is why he could not be successful in winning Sirmaur.
His greed became the source of destruction of Garhwal Kingdom.
He did not offer shelter to scholars as his forefathers used to offer. Only Maulram was his a court artist. Maulram portrayed his portrait.
Lalit Shah accepted the dressing and culture of Sikhs (as shown in portrait by Maularam).

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 28/8/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -415
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ....
XX    
Notes on South Asian Early Modern Period  History of Garhwal;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian  Early Modern Period   History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Early Modern Period   History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Early Modern Period  History of Haridwar district to be continued
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