Ektara: One String Musical Instrument of Garhwal Folk Dramas
Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -140
गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों के वाद्य यंत्र
Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)
Chordophone Musical Instruments of Garhwali Folk Dramas
Ektara: A One String Folk Musical Instrument of Garhwali Folk Dramas
गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र
Ektara is one of the simplest and might be one of the old string musical instruments of Garhwal.
In Old classical Sanskrit Literature, Ektara is mentioned as Ektantri Vina. Ektara was popular in Vedic period too.
To make Ektara, dry pumpkin is used and holed at two places and then covered by leather or other materials. A wooden stick around 75 CM long and 2 Cm diameter is connected to Pumpkin bowl through holes. Pegs at both end of stick are used for tightening or loosening the string. Then a string is based from last corner of wood stick and Pumpkin. String is stuck by fingers to produce sound. The Ektara is kept on one solder and held by a hand by other hand fingers stuck the string.
Usually, in Garhwal, Dalya or Guru Gorakhnath sect priest use Ektara while Dalya Guru sings the preaching of Guru Gorakhnath or story of Gopichand. The following Geet was sung by Parmantha a Dalya Guru in Jaspur around 1967-168 with Ektara
ऋद्धि को सुमिरों सिद्धि को सुमिरों सुमिरों सारदा माई।
अर सुमिरों गुरु अविनाशी को , सुमिरों कृष्न कनाई।
सदा अमर नि रैंदी धरती माता , बजर पड़े टूट जाई।
अमर नि रैंदा चंद , सुरजि छुचा , मेघ घिरे छिप जाई।।१।।
माता रोये जनम कूं , बहिन रोये, बहिन रोये छै मासा।
तिरिया रोये डेढ़ घड़ी कूँ , आन करे घर बासा।।२।।
कागज़ पतरी सब कुई बांचे करम नि बांचे कुई।
राज घरों को राजकुंवर , बुबा करणी जोग लिखाई।। ३ ।।
सुन रै बेटा गोपीचंद जी बात सुनो चित लाई।
कंचन कया , कंचन कामिनी मति कैसे भरमाई।। ४।।
अलख निरंजन अलख निरंजन, सुन रे बेटा गोपीचंद जी बात सुनो चित लाई।
अलख निरंजन , अलख निरंजन जपो रे भाई , हो भव सागर पार
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 21/4/2014
Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter
References
1-Bharat Natyashastra
2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama
3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life
4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research
5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India
6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen
7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12
8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet
9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments
10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach
11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara
12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri
13-Manorama Sharma, Tribal Melodies of Himachal Pradesh: Gaddi Folk Music
XX
Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia
गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र , टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र, हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र ;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र ;
