Uttarakhand > Uttarakhand History & Movements - उत्तराखण्ड का इतिहास एवं जन आन्दोलन
History of Kumaon (1000-1790AD) -कुमाऊं का इतिहास (1000 - 1790 ई. )
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महोदय, बहुत उपयोगी जानकारी लगती है, पर अगर हिंदी में होती तो हमारी मोटी समझ में भी कुछ आ जाती…
Bhishma Kukreti:
Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval Indian Himalayan History
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 132
Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Katyuri Imperialism of Karvipur (Uttarakhand, India) – 13
(History of Kumaon from 1000-1790)
(Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar, Doti Nepal (Uttarakhand, India))- (740-1300 AD)
By: Bhishma Kukreti
Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in 1191 onwards
Due to many reasons, Katyuri Kingdom was disintegrated. Ashok Challa of Doti Nepal became strong ruler of Uttarakhand. However, there was revival of Katyuri kingdom in Kumaon region after 1191.
Indra Dev Katyuri (1191-1202)
There is inscription of 1202 AD of Indra Dev available. It seems that Indra Dev Katyuri was successor of Sadhu Var Dev. By guessing and logical analysis of historical aspects, Dr Dabral states that Indra Dev Katyuri got crown ship after defeat of Sadhu Var Dev from Ashok Challa and returning of Ashok Challa from Uttarakhand. Till date historian did not find clear relationship of Indra Dev with Sadhu Var Dev.
It seems that the family of Tribhuwanpla Katyuri (that ruled from 1100-191) was different Katyuri family than Indra Dev Katyuri family. The Indra Dev Katyuri family ruled from 1191-1230AD.
The ruling time of Indra Dev Katyuri would be from 1191-1202. Around this time to 2130, the regional chieftains became free or they took shelters under stronger rulers and became governors of those rulers.
Indra Dev started strengthening Katyuri kingdom after return of Ashok Challa from Uttarakhand. After ten years (1291), his was position became stronger than past. He and his successors built temples.
The successor of Indra Dev Katyuri of Baijnath was Vijay Pal Dev (1202-1214). Vijay Pal Dev built a temple in 1214.
Mahipal Dev was successor of Indra Dev who ruled from 1214-1215
Lakshaman Pal Dev was successor of Mahipal Dev (read about Lakshaman Pal Dev on next chapter).
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 1/9/2013
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -133
Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Karvipur Katyuri to be continued…
(Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History (740-1300 AD to be continued…)
Xx xxx xxxx
Notes on Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in Baijnath context Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in Kumaon context Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval Uttarakhand History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval Asian History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval North Indian Himalayan History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval Central Himalayan History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval Oriental History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval South Asian History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval Garhwal, Indian Himalayan History; Revival of Katyuri Kingdom in context Medieval Haridwar, Indian Himalayan History;
Bhishma Kukreti:
Indian Himalayan Medieval History Accounts of Lakshaman Pal in Katyuri Kingdom Resurgence
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 133
Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Katyuri Imperialism of Karvipur (Uttarakhand, India) – 15
(History of Kumaon from 1000-1790)
(Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar, Doti Nepal (Uttarakhand, India))- (740-1300 AD)
By: Bhishma Kukreti
Tripathi states that Lakshaman Pal Dev was son of Indra Pal Dev. However, the broken rock inscription of Baijnath state that the title of Lakshaman pal Dev was ‘Prambhattarak Mahadhiraj ‘. In that inscription, Mahipal Dev is engraved before Lakshaman Pal Dev. Mahipal Dev coming before proofs that Lakshaman Pal Dev was successor of Mahipal Dev.
The title‘Prambhattarak Mahadhiraj’ indicates that Lakshaman Pal Dev strengthen his power after Ashok Challa. Lakshaman Pal Dev got support of regional ruler (mandalik) and became stronger.
Rebellious Regional Chieftains
There was jealousy among regional chieftains for re-up rising of Katyuri Kingdom. The chieftains of Eastern Manaskhand (Kumaon) were happy for name sake over rule of Ashok Challa as virtually the regional chieftains were real kings.
The Domkot, Sor, Seera, Sonpatti regional chieftains preferred over rule of Ashok Challa of Doti king far away from them. Charal-Champawat‘s Sing regional chieftains flourished because of help from Ashok Challa. The existence of Jay Singh of Charal-Champawat depended soley on Ashok Challa or his successors.
Thapuva Raut (1219)
The Goril temple inscription of Ganai state that a Khasa chieftain Thauva Raut became very strong. He or his son Jahal revolted against Katyuri king Baichhal Dev of ganai that Katyuri king Baichhal ran away from his kingdom in 1220 AD. Baichhal Dev took shelter in Sui.
Attack by Krachalla
When Lakshaman Pal Dev declared his title as ‘Prambhattarak Mahadhiraj in 1222 or 1223, and refused to pay tax to Challa king , Krachalla the successor of Ashok Challa attacked Mansabhumi )Kumaon) in 1223.
There was draught and famine in Nepal at this period. Therefore, Krachalla got soldiers for looting in Mansbhumi in numbers. Thorchandra from plains also supported Krachalla in attacking Mansasbhumi.
When Krachalla crossed Kaliganga the traitors of Lakshaman Pal Dev – two Raut chieftains, three Khsa Gadhpati Jay Singh of Singh dynasty joined hands with Krachalla. Krachalla rewarded them by providing them high post in his court.
Krachalla speeded his army and supporters towards capital of Lakshaman Pal Dev Katyuri and defeated Lakshaman pal Dev. Krachulla destroyed Karvipur (Kirtipur) the capital of Katyuri. Lakshaman Pla and his supporters ran towards west. Krachalla handed over the rule to his supporters who supported him to defeat Lakshaman Pal Dev.
Copper Inscriptions of Krachalla
Around 900 AD, Katyuri king Deshat Dev engraved a inscription in Baleshwar temple of Champawat. After three hundred years, Krachalla added his declaration on December 1223.
Krachalla donated land for temple management to the temple priest a Bangaj Brahmin Bhatt Narayan.
There are names of his governors on this inscription-
Shri hariraj Raut Raj
Shri Aniladitya Raut Raj
Shri Jahaddev Mandlik (regional chieftain)
Shri Chandra Dev Mandlik (regional chieftain)
Shri Vinay Chandra Mandlik (regional chieftain )
Shri Vadya Chandra Mandlik (regional chieftain)
Shri Jay Singh Mandlik (regional chieftain)
Shri Jeehaldev Mandlik (regional chieftain)
Shri Ballaldev Mandlik (regional chieftain)
Shri Musadev Mandlik (regional chieftain)
After handing over his captured territory to his governors, Krachalla returned to Nepal. The inscription shows that he did not move to Kedarbhumi (Garhwal).
Winning Doti , Nepal by Lakshaman Pal Dev
After Krachalla returned to Doti, Lakshaman Pal Dev strengthen his position (his rule on west part was there). Lakshaman Pal recaptured his capital Krirtipur. Lakshaman Pal Dev established new capital near Kritipur. Lakshaman Pal used materials from Kirtipur for constructing new capital.
Baring rebellious leaders, Lakshaman Pal Dev pardoned all Mandlik who accepted rule of Krachalla. Krachalla did not attack on Lakshaman Pal Dev again.
Lakshaman Pal Dev attacked on Doti most probably after death of Krachalla. Lakshaman Pal captured Doti.
However, it seems that there was rule of Krachalla successors on the territories as Jumla, Vyans, Daikhal, Chaudasof Manskhand (Kumaon). The attack period would be 1225 AD
There are folk songs in contrast that Lakshaman capture Doti.
Dham Dev took over Katyuri rule after death of Lakshaman Pal Dev.
Ruins of Karvir pur or Kartikeypur
There are ruins of capital Baidyanath Kartikeypur or Karvir pur in Tailihat, Baijnath , Kot.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 2/9/2013
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -134
Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Karvipur Katyuri to be continued…
(Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History (740-1300 AD to be continued…)
Bhishma Kukreti:
Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 135
Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Katyuri Imperialism of Karvipur (Uttarakhand, India) – 17
(History of Kumaon from 1000-1790)
(Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar, Doti Nepal (Uttarakhand, India))- (740-1300 AD)
By: Bhishma Kukreti
Multiple views for Dham Dev Katyuri Ruler
There are many views about Dham Dev Katyuri ruler of Karvipur.
Folklore describes that Dham Dev Katyuri won Doti.
The List of Katyuris of Doti state that Tribhuwanpal Dev was son of Brahma Dev and grandson of Dham Dev Katyuri. However, there is no inscription for supporting this view.
The historian as Dr Dabral suggests that Dham Dev got kingdom from Lakshaman Pal Dev and his rule began from 1230AD.
There is no name of Lakshaman Pal Dev in Askot and Doti Katyuri list. This suggests that Dhamdev was not direct descendent of Lakshaman Pal Dev Katyuri. There are two possibilities either Lakshaman Pal Dev declared Dhamdev as his successor or Dham Dev captured the rule from Lakshaman Pal Dev.
There is third folklore too that Dham Dev killed his father Pritam Dev and took the kingdom. The famous Uttarakhand folklore Rajula Malu Shahi is connected to Dhamshahi. It is said that Malushahi was son of Dhamshahi. Malushahi kidnapped Rajula the daughter of Shunpati.
Shri Chandra Dev Katyuri
There is name of Chandra Dev as Mandlik (regional chieftain) in Krachalla inscriptions. There is no folklore about Chandra Dev. It is sure that Chandra Dev was a Katyuri soldier and took shelter under Krachalla after Krachalla destroyed Kartipur. It might be possible that after Lakshaman Pal Dev re took his kingdom; Lakshaman Pal might discharge Chandra Dev.
Shri Ballal Dev
It seems Ballal Dev Katyuri was regional army chief of Ganai . He might be Baichhal Dev. Baichhal Dev ran could not stop rebellion acts of Jahal the son of Thapuva Raut. Baichhal Dev took shelter in Sui fort.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 2/9/2013
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -136
Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Karvipur Katyuri to be continued…
(Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History (740-1300 AD to be continued…)
Xx xxx xxxx
Notes on Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri of Karvipur; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Askot Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Bageshwar Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Champawat Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Dwarhat Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Kapkot Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Gangolihat Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Khagmara KotKumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Bishaud Kot Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Syunara Kot Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Faldakot Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period; Medieval Indian Himalayan History of Sui Kumaon around Ruler Dham Dev Katyuri period;
Bhishma Kukreti:
Ruling Period of Karvipur Katyuri Kings and Mandlik in Medieval Indian Himalayan History
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 136
Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Katyuri Imperialism of Karvipur (Uttarakhand, India) – 18
(History of Kumaon from 1000-1790)
(Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar, Doti Nepal (Uttarakhand, India))- (740-1300 AD)
By: Bhishma Kukreti
Dr Dabral Provided Approximate time period of Karvipur Katyuri Kings and Mandliks
Katyuri Kings of Karvipur -1
Kings ------------------------------Base ------------------------------------Time
Nar (Jay) Singh Dev -----------------------------------------------------1000AD
Anijaldev to Ijkath Dev ------------------------------------------------1080
Kattarmal Dev-------------------------Inscriptions --------------------1080-1090
Veer (veeram) Dev --------------------Inscription------------------------1090-1100
Katyuri Kings of Karvipur -2
Tribhuvan Pal Dev-----------------------Inscription---------------------------1100
Vamnad Dev to Ijkath Dev -----------------Inscription----------------------1152
Uday Pal Dev-------------------------Inscription of 1158---------------------1152-1165
Vassan Pal Dev , Bali Nakul Pal Dev------------------------------------------1165-1180
Anant Pal Dev--------------------------Inscription 1181-----------------------1180-1184
Sadhurdev------------------------------Inscription 1184------------------------1184-1191
Singh Dynasty of Kamdesh
Singh Dynasty of Kamdesh --------------------Inscription 1205-1206------------------1160-1233-40
Challa Dynasty of Baitadi-Dullu
Ashok Challa Dev --------------------Various Inscriptions-----------------------------1160-1209
Krachalla Dev-------------------------------Inscriptions-------------------------------------1208-1223
Katyuri of Karvipur (Baidyanath) after 1191
Indra dev -------------------Insc----------------------------------------1191-1202
Vijay Pal dev i----------------Insc---------------------------------------1202-1214
Mahipal Dev ----------------Inscription-----------------------------1214-1215
Lakshaman Pal Dev --------Insc -----------------------------------1215-1230
Shri Chandra Dev Mandlik of Krachala ---Insc--------------------1223-1224
Dhamdev –Brahm Dev -------------------------------------------------1230-1250
Trilok Pal Dev -------------------------------------------------------------1250-1275
Niranjan Dev Founder of Doti branch)-------------------------------1275-1300
Abhaypal Dev—(Founder of Askot branch)--------------------------1279-1300
Baichhal (Ballal )Dev (founder of Sui branch) Inscription-----------1220-1230
Successors of Trilok Pal Dev
After Lakshaman Pal Dev recaptured Doti (today’s Nepal), the regional chieftains who supported Krachalla as super ruler they came again under Katyuri kingdom.
Till fifteenth century, Seera, Sor, Johar, Askot and Darma regions were under Katyuris of Doti .
It seems that Baidnath Katyuri were having following regional head quarters
Region (mandal/Thakurai) ----------------- Head Quarter
Mandal Pali Pachhaun -------------------------------------Dwarhat
Mandal Danpur ----------------------------------------------Kapkot
Mandal Gangoli ---------------------------------------------Gangolihat
Mandal Baramandal
Thakurai Khagmara ------------------------------------------Khagmara Kot
Thakurai Vishaud --------------------------------------------Vishaud Kot
Thakurai Syunara --------------------------------------------Syunara Kot
Thakurai Faldakot --------------------------------------------Faldakot
The Katyuri King Gurjar dev built a temple in Dwarhat.
Ram Chandra dev build a Naula (water reservoir) and started temple construction in Gangoli.
Veer Singh Dev built a temple in Vishaud around thirteenth century.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 2/9/2013
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -136
Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Karvipur Katyuri to be continued…
(Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History (740-1300 AD to be continued…)
Xx xxx xxxx
Notes on Katyuri Kings and Mandliks in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Doti (Nepal) Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Baijnath Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Dwarhat Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Almora Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Baitadi (Nepal) Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Kapkpt Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Gangolihat Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Khagmara Kot Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Vishaud Kot Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Falda Kot Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Askot Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Sui Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Seera Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Sor Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Johar Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Darma Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History; Katyuri Kings and Mandlik of Kumaun in Medieval Indian Himalayan History..
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