Author Topic: Re: Information about Garhwali plays-विभिन्न गढ़वाली नाटकों का विवरण  (Read 91621 times)

Bhishma Kukreti

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           Andrtal (अन्द्रताळ): A Realistic Modern Garhwali Drama about Suffering of Migrated Garhwalis



                                                Bhishma Kukreti
                 The scholars provide the characteristics of Modern Realistic drama as –
1-Characters of Modern Realistic drama talk and act like real people.
2-The setting of Modern Realistic drama should be real
3-The setting of Modern Realistic drama should be real places such as homes, workplaces, etc
4-The setting of Modern Realistic drama should be from modern times
5-The subject of Modern Realistic drama should deal with real events and political, or social issues
                              The modern Garhwali drama ‘Andrtal (अन्द्रताळ)’ is definitely a modern realistic Garhwali drama. The drama deals with the subject of the suffering of migrated Garhwali family. Birju is fifty years old migrated Garhwali who sold his ancestral house in Garhwal and built a house in Delhi. However, the land was illegal from a legal point of view, and the Delhi administration sent Bulldozer to diminish the house. Birju, his wife Basanti, and their son are in turmoil. The sadness does not end here. The police take their son Nandu to the police officer and get unmarried Nandu operated under completing the government target of  ‘family planning-nasbandi’.

             Ibsen is the father of European realistic modern drama.  Ibsen the father of European realistic modern drama wrote a letter to August Lindberg (August 1883),” The language (of modern realistic drama) must sound natural and the form of expression must be characteristic of each individual person in the play…”
  The characters speak their own cultural language in the realistic modern drama ‘Andrtal (अन्द्रताळ)’. As
 The dialogues of Birju are
1-अपणि भुजिं बुखण छन . बुकौण पड़लि
2-मुंड्यूँ त बल , जग तर जावो, अध्--मुंड्यूँ कख जावो ...
3-- अरे राम . अब मटि फिरद त इन्नी फिरद . पुरखों कि छोड़कूड़ी बेचई बि, सौब यियीं कूड़ी
पर लगाये .किनमजाद खम्बुदारतिबारी छै .
Or
Birju- हमुन बोले कान्च्दार मकान इ सुन्दर च
Or
Basanti- ज्यूडि फुके गे पर मरोड़ नि गे

Or
मोची- काम मोची ----काम --
बसंती - क्वा मौ च ? हम छा दादा सबळि -खाटळी का
                     The realistic modern Garhwali drama ‘Andrtal (अन्द्रताळ)’ definitely provides the illusion of recognizable reality. The realistic modern Garhwali drama ‘Andrtal (अन्द्रताळ)’ is capable of providing a contemporary perspective.
                     The drama ‘Andrtal (अन्द्रताळ)’ shows the tragedy of migrated Garhwali family effectively and compels the audience/readers to think about the sad situation of such migrated Garhwali family. 

References:
1-Dr Anil Dabral, Garhwali Gady Parampara (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Realistic Dramas from beginning till 1990)
2-Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Gad Myateki Ganga (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Realistic dramas from beginning till 1975)
3-Dr Sudharani, Garhwal ka Rangmanch (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Realistic Dramas from beginning till 1985)
4-Drama special issue of Chitthi Patri magazine (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Realistic Dramas and plays staged in Delhi, Karachi, Mumbai, Dehradun and other places)
5- Dr Hari Datt Bhatt Shailesh, Garhwali Natak evam Rangmanch: Ek Vihngam Avlokan (Modern, Contemporary Realistic Garhwali Drams and theatres from beginning till 1985)
6-Dr Bhakt Darshan: Barrister Mukandi Lal Srmriti Granth (Modern, Contemporary Realistic Garhwali dramatists or theatres playwrights till 1985
7-Dr Nand Kishor Dhoundiyal, Garhwal ki Divangat Vibhutiyan (pp108-116, about contribution of Bhagwati Prasad Panthri for developing Modern, Contemporary Realistic Garhwali drama)
8- Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, 1986, ‘Chakrchal’, 16 Modern, Contemporary  Realistic Garhwali Drama collection, B2 -B48, Janakpuri, New Delhi -110058

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Notes on Realistic Modern Garhwali Drama, Realistic Modern Uttarakhandi drama, Realistic Modern Himalayan drama, Realistic Modern Indian Local language drama, Realistic Modern Asian drama to be continued…….

Bhishma Kukreti

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                     Kachbital: A Garhwali Drama about Exploitation of  Migrated Garhwalis by Rural Garhwalis

(Review of a Garhwali Drama ‘Kachbital’ written by Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna
(Notes on Modernism in Garhwali Dramas, Modernism in Uttarakhandi Dramas, Modernism in Himalayan Dramas, Modernism in Indian Dramas, Modernism in Asian Dramas)
                                    Bhishma Kukreti

                                There are two distinct dramatists or dramas in Garhwali language drama about narrating the position of migrated Garhwalis. One type of drama is Girish Sundariyal’s ‘Asgar’ which accuses migrated Garhwalis of bad happening in rural Garhwal. Another type of modern Garhwali drama is Kachbital’ written by Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna which shows the exploitation of migrated Garhwalis by their own family members of rural Garhwal.
                The drama ‘Kachbital’ is about Shobha a migrated woman visiting her own home to Garhwal from Delhi with her children.  Shobha has her brother-in-law Damodar and his wife Kali in the village. As per the conspiracy between Damodar and his wife Kali, Kali accuses very badly Shobha as soon as she comes there. Damodar shows he is angry with her wife’s behavior. Shobha leaves for her Maika and tells that in fact she came to take Damodar’s son for higher education.  After Shobha leaves Damodar and Kali felt sorry that their conspiracy Drama has been harmful to them only.
                 Bahuguna wrote the drama ‘Kachbital’ for radio medium. The characterization is real. You may find all characters everywhere in Garhwal. The drama language fits the conflict and struggle of the characters.

References:
1-Dr Anil Dabral, Garhwali Gady Parampara (Contemporary Garhwali Dramas from beginning till 1990)
2-Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Gad Myateki Ganga (Contemporary Garhwali dramas from beginning till 1975)
3-Dr Sudharani, Garhwal ka  Rangmanch (Contemporary  Garhwali Dramas from beginning till 1985)
4-Drama special issue of Chitthi Patri magazine (Contemporary Garhwali Dramas and plays staged in Delhi, Karachi, Mumbai, Dehradun and other places)
5- Dr Hari Datt Bhatt Shailesh, Garhwali Natak evam Rangmanch: Ek Vihngam Avlokan (Contemporary Garhwali Drams and theatres from beginning till 1985)
6-Dr Bhakt Darshan: Barrister Mukandi Lal Srmriti Granth (Contemporary Garhwali dramatists or theatres playwrights till 1985
7-Dr Nand Kishor Dhoundiyal, Garhwal ki Divangat Vibhutiyan (pp108-116, about contribution of Bhagwati Prasad Panthri for developing Contemporary Garhwali drama)
8- Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna,1986,  ‘Chakrchal’ , 16 Contemporary  Garhwali Drama collection, B2 -B48, Janakpuri, New Delhi -110058

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Notes on Modernism in Garhwali Dramas, Modernism in Uttarakhandi Dramas, Modernism in Himalayan Dramas, Modernism in Indian Dramas, Modernism in Asian Dramas to be continued…….

Bhishma Kukreti

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       Lalit Mohan Thapliyal: The Great Indian Playwright famous for Humor and Twist in Dramas


(Tribute to World’s Great Playwright Lalit M Thapliyal on the occasion of World Theatre Day) 
Notes on World’s Great Playwrights, Great Indian Playwrights, Great Himalayan Playwrights, Great Uttarakhandi Playwrights, Great Garhwali Playwrights

                                      Bhishma Kukreti


                                  Lalit Mohan Thapliyal (1920-2005) is one of the great playwrights of modern dram world.  Madan Duklan an editor, a Garhwali dramatist and famous Garhwali film personality states that Lalit Mohan Thapliyal is great playwrights among modern dramatists as Alexander Dumas, August Wilson, Arthur Miller, Anton Chekhov, Bartolt Brecht, Dante, Euripides, Edward Albee, Eugene O’Neil, George Bernard Shaw, Graham Greene, Horton Foote, , Henrik Ibsen, Samuel Becket, Lorraine Hansberry, Neil Simon, Oscar wild, Shankar Shes  Sophocles, Thornton Wilde,  Tennessee Williams, William Shakespeare etc  for developing dramas in their respective languages.  Puran Pant ‘Pathik’ a famous Garhwali poet remarks that great playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal is Kalidas of Garhwali in terms of popularizing Drama in his own time though, both are of different genes. 
                           The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal was born in 1920 in the village Shrikot, Khatsyun, Pauri Garhwal of Uttarakhand. After getting M.A (English) degree from Allahabad University, the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal joined journalism as career. The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal joined ‘Pioneer’ newspaper as junior journalist. After some time the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal joined ‘Leader’ newspaper in Allahabad as deputy editor. After Second World War, when National Herald was restarted, the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal joined the editorial board of National Herald. In 1953, the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal joined ‘Hindustan Times, Delhi as senior deputy Editor. The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal joined World Health Organization, South Asian region as information officer in 1955. The great Playwright Thapliyal joined WHO at UNO, New York in 1964. In 1972, World Health Organization ho transferred the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal to Geneva from New York. The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal retired from W.H.O. in 1980 settled in Ghaziabad in 1982. The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal expired in 2005.
                                The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal was born theatre man. The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal had been participating in theatre work from his student life. The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal was always connected with theatre in New Delhi, New York and Geneva. The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal presented many dramas in New York and Geneva. The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal founded ‘Hindi Naty Mandali’ in Geneva and produced and staged three complete plays and many one act plays in Geneva.  In Ghaziabad, the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal was busy in writing and staging plays till his death.
   
                               Hindi plays written by great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal


   The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal wrote following Hindi plays-
Complete Hindi plays -
Kala Raja, Kalpana ke Khel,Vidroh ke Prateek, Do Yatri, Brahman ki Beti based on story by Sharat Chandra, Alag Alag raso, Chimte Vale baba
One Act plays in Hindi -
Hamsafar, Imthan ki Taiyari, Jis din chor aya, Anchheriyon ka Talab, Subah Hoti Hai –Sham Hoti hai, Chhuti ka din, Cinderella, Kaka babu, Dhakad Party, Lado rani and Jhamela.
                               Garhwali plays written by the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal


                        The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal is famous for accelerating the theatre in Garhwali language. The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal is one of the pioneer dramatists of Garhwali whose dramas still attract the crowd for Garhwali theatre.  The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal is the Garhwali dramatist whose dramas were staged the most in Garhwali theatre circle.
                      The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal is famous more for ‘Kahdu lapata ‘ a Garhwali drama .’Anchheriyon ka Tal ’,‘ Gharjavain ’,‘ Chimte wale baba and ‘Ekikaran’ are other Garhwali dramas written by the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal. The specialty of Garhwali dramas written by the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal is that all have a great humor and twist to attract audience. All the Garhwali dramas written by the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal are timeless.  Raman Kukreti a prominent Garhwali theatre of Mumbai states that all the plays of the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal are evergreen and time does not bind their attraction as the drama subject are having timeless emotions and dialogues are from real world.
               The great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal founded Jagar and Sadhna Natya Kendra organizations for promoting Garhwali Theater.
     Till dramas will be played or will be read in this earth people will remember the great Playwright Lalit Mohan Thapliyal for his contribution in developing Garhwali theatre.


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Bhishma Kukreti

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                    Farak: A Garhwali Drama depicting Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities


Notes on Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Modern Indian Dramas, Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Modern Himalayan  Dramas, Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Modern Uttarakhandi  Dramas, Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Modern Garhwali  Dramas


                                         Bhishma Kukreti

                     There had been very thin inequalities between richer and poorer in rural Kumaun and Garhwal before the British took over the rule. However, caste inequalities were very much there in rural Garhwal and rural Kumaun. Though in both the areas, due to geographical conditions and the need for Shilpkars by upper-caste for each work fewer cruelties were recorded from the upper class towards Shilpkar or Untouchables.  There is no historical record before British Raj about awareness among Shilpkar for getting their right of equality. However, the freedom movement and the Arya Samaj movement brought awareness for social equalities among Shilpkar in rural Kumaun and rural Garhwal. There had been a long movement called the ‘Dola Palki’ movement a symbol of getting social equalities for Shilpkar in rural Garhwal and rural Kumaun. Perhaps ‘Janeu Dharan ‘by Shilpkar, ‘Dola Palki’ and the entry into the temple by Shilpkar initiated the class conflict first time in Garhwal and Kumaun.
            The’ Farak ‘drama written by playwright Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna is about class conflict and the desire for social class equalities in the Shilpkar community. The drama is very straight and less tension is shown in the drama ‘Farak’ which is about Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities. The drama is one-sided and tells about how Shilpkar feels/expresses the inequalities of the upper caste. The drama is an expression of Shilpkar’s sentiment about class inequalities.  The role of the upper caste is at the end when an upper-caste boy comes and takes tea powder and sugar from the richer Shilpkar family; Khimanand Brahman comes takes Pithai, and takes alcohol with Shilpkar with the water brought by the Shilpkar family. The dramatist shows that the upper caste designs all rules of caste equalities or inequalities as per their own need.
  The dram is a fine one to show the pain of Caste Inequalities but is totally failure in showing conflicts between two classes. Without having the tension of class conflict the drama becomes totally idealistic. However, Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna should be complimented to bring the subject of Caste Inequalities in Modern Garhwali Dramas.
References:
1-Dr Anil Dabral, Garhwali Gady Parampara (Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Contemporary Garhwali Dramas from beginning till 1990)
2-Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Gad Myateki Ganga (Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Contemporary Garhwali dramas from beginning till 1975)
3-Dr Sudharani, Garhwal ka  Rangmanch (Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities Contemporary  Garhwali Dramas from beginning till 1985)
4-Drama special issue of Chitthi Patri magazine (Class conflicts and Caste inequalities in Contemporary Garhwali Dramas and plays staged in Delhi, Karachi, Mumbai, Dehradun and other places)
5- Dr Hari Datt Bhatt Shailesh, Garhwali Natak evam Rangmanch: Ek Vihngam Avlokan (Cast conflicts and caste inequalities in Contemporary Garhwali Drams and theatres from beginning till 1985)
6-Dr Bhakt Darshan: Barrister Mukandi Lal Srmriti Granth (Contemporary Garhwali dramatists or theatres playwrights who showed class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in their dramas)
7-Dr Nand Kishor Dhoundiyal, Garhwal ki Divangat Vibhutiyan (pp108-116, about contribution of Bhagwati Prasad Panthri for developing Contemporary Garhwali drama)
8- Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna,1986,  ‘Chakrchal’ , 16 Contemporary  Garhwali Drama collection, B2 -B48, Janakpuri, New Delhi -110058 (Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Modern Garhwali  Dramas)

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Notes on Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Modern Indian Dramas, Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Modern Himalayan Dramas, Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Modern Uttarakhandi Dramas, Class Conflict about Caste Inequalities in Modern Garhwali Dramas to be continued…..

Bhishma Kukreti

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Tilpatar: a Garhwali Drama about the Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes 



                                              By Bhishma Kukreti

             A Garhwali drama ‘Tilpatar’ written for radio medium by playwright Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna opens many psychological fields and also talks about hurting by old customs to the common man. ‘Tilpatar’ drama has main characters Bahuguna, Uniyal, Dangwal and Dobhal; assisting characters Mrs. Bahuguna and Mrs. Dobhal all reside in Nagpur. Once, Bahuguna, Uniyal, Dangwal, and Dobhal were four topmost Brahmin casts called ‘Chauthu Baman’ (group of four Brahmin castes). Initially, Uniyal, Dangwal, and Dobhal characters talk about the old glory of these four topmost Brahmin castes in Garhwal. In fact, the talk is the real expression of Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna himself about changes that took place suddenly in Garhwal and other parts of India that Bahuguna, Uniyal, Dangwal, and Dobhal are no more respected by other Garhwali casts as these four casts were recognized in old time.  This type of pain is still found among upper Brahmin castes, Rajput Thokdar for their old glories of recognition, and surprisingly such pain is found among high profile Shilpkars too who were recognized much in past for their craftsmanship.
              The focus of the drama is on the hurting of the old custom of Garhwal. Bahuguna keeps his wife locked when he goes out. Uniyal, Dangwal, and Dobhal criticize Bahuguna for his inhuman behavior to lock his beautiful wife. However, when Bahuguna and his wife reveal the real cause behind this behavior of Bahuguna, all feel sorry for the old custom of Chauth Brahmins.
                          Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna successfully could deal with the mental agonies of Chauth Brahmins for losing the old glory of recognition in the society and at the same time, he could come to the main point of drama.
               The dialogues are full of old and new proverbs that make the drama interesting. The playwright also shows the binding among migrated Garhwalis of the sixties and their behavioral pattern in Nagpur or Delhi, Mumbai.

1-Dr Anil Dabral, Garhwali Gady Parampara (for finding Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Contemporary Garhwali Dramas from beginning till 1990)
2-Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Gad Myateki Ganga (for finding Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Contemporary Garhwali dramas from beginning till 1975)
3-Dr Sudharani, Garhwal ka  Rangmanch (for finding Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Contemporary  Garhwali Dramas from beginning till 1985)
4-Drama special issue of Chitthi Patri magazine (for finding Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Contemporary Garhwali Dramas and plays staged in Delhi, Karachi, Mumbai, Dehradun and other places)
5- Dr Hari Datt Bhatt Shailesh, Garhwali Natak evam Rangmanch: Ek Vihngam Avlokan (for finding Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Contemporary Garhwali Drams and theatres from beginning till 1985)
6-Dr Bhakt Darshan: Barrister Mukandi Lal Srmriti Granth (for finding Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Contemporary Garhwali dramatists or theatres playwrights till 1985
8- Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna,1986,  ‘Chakrchal’ , 16 Contemporary  Garhwali Drama collection for finding Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in , B2 -B48, Janakpuri, New Delhi -110058

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Notes on Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Asian Dramas, Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Indian Dramas, Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in North Indian Dramas, Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Himalayan Dramas, Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Uttarakhandi Dramas, Hurting by Old Tradition and Agonizing from Changes in Garhwali Dramas to be continued….

Bhishma Kukreti

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                Kirayedar: A Garhwali Drama about lost and found



                                                      By Bhishma Kukreti

                             ;Kirayedar’ is about the perception that Badri Datt Joshi is dead due to falling into a melting furnace in a metal factory. However, after many years, Joshi comes to meet his ex-wife who is now Mrs. Batra. Badri Datt Joshi reveals many secrets and gets many new revelations about Mrs. Batra.
                              ‘Kirayedar’ is one of the weakest dramas by Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna as is not effective in showing the basic reason for writing this drama.         

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Notes on Modern Indian Dramas, Modern North Indian Dramas, Modern Himalayan Dramas Modern Uttarakhandi Dramas, Modern Garhwali Dramas

Bhishma Kukreti

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Nagmayur: A Modern Historical Garhwali Drama
(Review of a Modern Historical Garhwali Drama ‘Nagmayur’ written by Playwright Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna)

Notes on Modern Historical Asian regional  Drama Modern Historical Indian Drama, Modern Historical North Indian Languages Drama, Modern Historical Himalayan Drama, Modern Historical Uttarakhandi Drama Modern Historical Garhwali Drama

                              By:  Bhishma Kukreti
                      There is an acute shortage of historical plays in modern Garhwali dramas. If at all there are historical plays in the Garhwali language they are in lyrical or semi lyrical form as modern dramas based on the life of Kaffu Chauhan or Madho Singh Bhandari.
          Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna tried to fill the gap by writing ‘Nagmayur’ a modern historical drama in Garhwali.
                   No doubt, there is no specific character of Garhwali history in ‘Nagmayur’ a modern historical drama. However, the subject deals with the aspirations and frustration of the defeated ruling party Nagvanshis who were a ruling party once in Garhwal, and the cruel administration by winning king Rudra Mayur. The drama is capable of showing that Nagvanshi was the ruler of Garhwal and Aryas took over (Panvar Vanshi) the region by defeating Nagvanshi.  The drama is very simple and shows the difference between the winner and loser. The drama also shows some historical contests.
               The story has curiosity and dialogues are simple but with intellectual wisdom. Dr Anil Dabral appreciated the initiation of Bahuguna for writing Modern Historical Garhwali Drama ‘Nagmayur’.
References:
1-Dr Anil Dabral, Garhwali Gady Parampara
2-Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Gad Myateki Ganga 
3-Dr Sudharani, Garhwal ka  Rangmanch (
4-Drama special issue of Chitthi Patri magazine (
5- Dr Hari Datt Bhatt Shailesh, Garhwali Natak evam Rangmanch: Ek Vihngam Avlokan
6-Dr Bhakt Darshan: Barrister Mukandi Lal Srmriti Granth
8- Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna,1986,  ‘Chakrchal’ , 16 Contemporary  Garhwali Drama collection , B2 -B48, Janakpuri, New Delhi -110058

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Notes on Modern Historical Asian regional Dramas,  Modern Historical Indian Dramas, Modern Historical North Indian Languages Dramas, Modern Historical Himalayan Dramas, Modern Historical Uttarakhandi Dramas Modern Historical Garhwali Drama to be continued…


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     Chakrachal: a Modern Garhwali Drama about Generational Conflict 


(Review of ‘Chakrachal ‘a Modern Garhwali Drama about Generational Conflict written by Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna)

Notes on Modern Asian  Drama about Generational Conflict, Modern Indian  Drama about Generational Conflict,  Modern North Indian  Drama about Generational Conflict, Modern Himalayan Drama about Generational Conflict,Modern Uttarakhandi Drama about Generational Conflict, Modern Garhwali Drama about Generational Conflict

                                          By- Bhishma Kukreti

                  Human beings feel generational conflicts in every society and in every era. The old generation set certain norms for the society members. However, when new generation sets new norms there is cultural conflicts between two generations.
           There are dramas in all languages about Generational Conflict. Awake and Sing by Clifford Odets; Fences by August Wilson; Tiki Taka an Iranian drama by Attila Pesiyani; Dr. Stephannie Gearhart provides many accounts of politics of Generational Conflict in Shakespeare‘s dramas; Lonnie offers examples of many ancient dramas about Generational Conflict; Susan Hayward and G.Vincendeau provide examples of French films about Generational Conflict; Cecil William Davis presents examples of German dramas dealing with Generational Conflict; Stanley Hochman offers good examples of world dramas dealing with Generational Conflict his great volumes Encyclopedia of world Dramas; Xiaomei Chen presents many examples of Chinese dramas about Generational Conflict; Robert Rolf details many Japanese dramas about the subject of Generational Conflict etc provide us sufficient proof that the subject of  Generational Conflict is there in every language dramas.
                              ‘Chakrachal’ a Garhwali drama is a radio drama written by Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna. The drama deals with the conflict between parents (Lakheda and his wife Chandrama) and their foreign return son who marries a foreign girl in Mauritius. There are standing and logical views from both generations in the drama. In the end, Mrs. Chandrama Lakheda, or the old generation concludes
लखेड़ा - गिरीसै मा , बथौं आणू च तै द्वार ढौक द्या.
Lakheda- Shut the door to stop storm 
चंद्रमा (द्वार बन्द करद) - अब क्य रोकण बथौं जब सरा चक्रचाळ ह्वेगे
Chandrma (closing door)  – What to stop when a cyclone has already come

References:
1-Dr Anil Dabral, Garhwali Gady Parampara (Garhwali Dramas from beginning till 1990)
2-Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Gad Myateki Ganga (Garhwali dramas from beginning till 1975)
3-Dr Sudharani, Garhwal ka  Rangmanch (Garhwali Dramas  from beginning till 1985)
4-Drama special issue of Chitthi Patri magazine (Garhwali Dramas and plays staged in Delhi, Karachi, Mumbai, Dehradun and other places)
5- Dr Hari Datt Bhatt Shailesh, Garhwali Natak evam Rangmanch: Ek Vihngam Avlokan (Garhwali Drams and theatres from beginning till 1985)
6-Dr Bhakt Darshan: Barrister Mukandi Lal Srmriti Granth (Garhwali dramatists or theatres playwrights till 1985
7-Dr Nand Kishor Dhoundiyal, Garhwal ki Divangat Vibhutiyan (pp108-116, about contribution of Bhagwati Prasad Panthri for developing Garhwali drama)

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Notes on Modern Asian  Drama about Generational Conflict, Modern Indian  Drama about Generational Conflict,  Modern North Indian  Drama about Generational Conflict, Modern Himalayan Drama about Generational Conflict ,Modern Uttarakhandi Drama about Generational Conflict, Modern Garhwali Drama about Generational Conflict  to be continued…..


Bhishma Kukreti

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Mai Ko Lal: A Garhwali Drama about Sacrifice of Martyr Shridev Suman a great Freedom fighter

(Review of Garhwali Drama ‘Mai Ko Lal’ written by Playwright Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna)

               Brief notes on worldwide modern  dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters modern Asian dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern Indian dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern North Indian dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern Himalayan dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern Uttarakhandi  dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern Garhwali  dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters

                                 By Bhishma Kukreti


                        Every area has its great personalities who sacrificed their lives for independence or for social causes for their countrymen. It is not only in India but worldwide dramatists wrote dramas about freedom fighters and their sacrifice for their countrymen. KBS a channel broadcasted a drama about the sacrifice of Freedom Fighter, Lee Hoe Young of Korea on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the occupation of Korea by Japan.                           
                              Famous African dramatist Benjamin L. Leshoai wrote a satirical drama ‘White Mass’ about the freedom fighters of Africa. Noble Prize laureate Wole Soyinka wrote dramas about the sacrifices of African freedom fighters and African independence. The two African plays ‘The Snare’ and ‘Aster ‘from ‘Three Eritrean Plays’ edited by Jane Plaistow deal with the freedom and sacrifices of freedom fighters.
                      Film (as drama) ‘Hangmen also Die’ by F. Lang is also a drama about freedom fighter’s sacrifice.
                     Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna wrote many types of dramas in Garhwali. Bahuguna’s Garhwali language drama ‘Mai Ko Lal’ is about life, the struggle for protesting against the oppression by Tihri Riyasat, family and social relationships, lifestyle,  and the death by 85 days fast of freedom activist Shri dev Suman.
                 Bangunan created many new characters and incidents to develop the character of Shri dev Suman in the freedom fight-oriented drama ‘Mai Ko Lal’. The dramatist portrayed the characters of the mother and wife of Shri Dev Suman with patriotic synthesis. There are characters of Badi Badan, spies, King Narendra Shah, and many more those provide the strength to the strong character of freedom fighter Shri Dev Suman. There is mention of the communist movement in Tehri but the writer did not mention Vidya Sagar Nautiyal and his comrades.
             Over all Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna is able to create a good portrait of Shri dev Suman as family man, a colleague, a freedom fighter, and a strong will powered freedom fighter.
                 Garhwali prose expert Dr. Anil Dabral concludes that the story construction of freedom fight-oriented drama ‘Mai Ko Lal’ is suitable for creating desired emotion and pseudo- philosophy depending upon the time of period and class of characters. Dr.Anil also supports Bhishma Kukreti’s opinion that Bahguna could never leave his intellectualism and the dialogues are proof that many times, the dialogues from the characters do not match their backgrounds.  However, Bahuguna will always be remembered for his initiation in writing historical and true incident based Garhwali drama.
   References:
1-Dr Anil Dabral, Garhwali Gady Parampara (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters from beginning till 1990)
2-Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Gad Myateki Ganga (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters from beginning till 1975)
3-Dr Sudharani, Garhwal ka Rangmanch (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters from beginning till 1985)
4-Drama special issue of Chitthi Patri magazine (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Dramas and plays staged in Delhi, Karachi, Mumbai, Dehradun and other places)
5- Dr Hari Datt Bhatt Shailesh, Garhwali Natak evam Rangmanch: Ek Vihngam Avlokan (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Drams about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters and theatres from beginning till 1985)
6-Dr Bhakt Darshan: Barrister Mukandi Lal Srmriti Granth (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali dramatists or theatres playwrights till 1985 reference of modern Garhwali dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters
7-Dr Nand Kishor Dhoundiyal, Garhwal ki Divangat Vibhutiyan (pp108-116, about contribution of Bhagwati Prasad Panthri for developing Moder, Contemporary Garhwali drama referring modern Garhwali dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters
8- Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, 1986, ‘Chakrchal’, 16 Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Drama collection, B2 -B48, Janakpuri, New Delhi -110058 referring  modern Garhwali dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters
Copyright@ Bhishm Kukreti, Mumbai, India
               Analytical notes on worldwide modern dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters modern Asian dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern Indian dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern North Indian dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern Himalayan dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern Uttarakhandi dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters, modern Garhwali dramas about Sacrifice by Freedom Fighters to be continued…….
                   

Bhishma Kukreti

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Antim Garh: A Modern Garhwali Drama about Bravery of Heroic Kaffoo Chauhan

                  Notes on Modern Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Asian Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Indian  Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern North Indian Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Himalayan  Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Uttarakhandi  Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Garhwali  Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends

                                                By- Bhishma Kukreti

                      The folklores are full of providing accounts of heroic personalities. Same way, writing about historic brave personalities is common in every language. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Sprinchorn in their research book, “Columbia Encyclopedia of Modern drama’, provide many examples and details about modern dramas where playwrights show the characters of bravery and brave legends in modern dramas. Weston provides the account of bravery in his book legends of Wagner Drama. Stanley Hochman provides a list of modern dramas dealing with the chivalry of legendary men in McGraw- Hills Encyclopedia of World drama’. E.C.Brewer and M.Harland offer accounts of dramas about brave legends in their book Character Sketches of Romance, Fiction and Drama. Herald Segel presents many dramas about brave legends of Russian in ‘Twentieth-century Russian drama from Gorky to present’. Cortes and Barrea-Marlys put forward dramas about brave lends of Latin America in ‘Encyclopedia of Latin American theatre’.
                  Kaffoo Chauhan is a Garhwali legend of history and his bravery is sung in various Garhwali folk songs.
       The drama ‘Antim Garh’ written by Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna is about the brave acts of the last Brave Gadhpati Kaffoo Chauhan of Garhwal before Panwar dynasty initiator Ajay Pal took over the kingdom of Garhwal from Brave Gadhpati Kaffoo Chauhan. The drama has various historical characters and incidents as queens and mother of Kafoo Chauhan, army chiefs of Kaffoo Chauhan, and Ajay Pal.  The drama is full of twists and praises of the brevity of Kaffoo Chauhan and Ajay Pal too.               
   Dr. Anil Dabral an expert on Garhwali prose literature appreciated the efforts of Bahuguna in writing Antim Garh- A Modern Garhwali Drama about the Bravery of Heroic Kaffoo Chauhan. However, Dabral criticizes dramatically weaknesses in the drama too and suggested rewriting it.  Prolific dramatic Kula Nand Ghansala rewrote ‘Antim Garh’ and staged in Lok Naty Mahotsav organized by Garhwal Sabha Dehradun.
References:
1-Dr Anil Dabral, Garhwali Gady Parampara (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Dramas from beginning till 1990)
2-Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Gad Myateki Ganga (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali dramas from beginning till 1975)
3-Dr Sudharani, Garhwal ka Rangmanch (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Dramas from beginning till 1985)
4-Drama special issue of Chitthi Patri magazine (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Dramas and plays staged in Delhi, Karachi, Mumbai, Dehradun and other places)
5- Dr Hari Datt Bhatt Shailesh, Garhwali Natak evam Rangmanch: Ek Vihngam Avlokan (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Drams and theatres from beginning till 1985)
6-Dr Bhakt Darshan: Barrister Mukandi Lal Srmriti Granth (Modern, Contemporary Garhwali dramatists or theatres playwrights till 1985
7-Dr Nand Kishor Dhoundiyal, Garhwal ki Divangat Vibhutiyan (pp108-116, about contribution of Bhagwati Prasad Panthri for developing Moder, Contemporary Garhwali drama)
8- Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, 1986, ‘Chakrchal’, 16 Modern, Contemporary Garhwali Drama collection, B2 -B48, Janakpuri, New Delhi -110058

Copyright@ Bhishm Kukreti, Mumbai, India

                       Notes on Modern Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Asian Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Indian Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern North Indian Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Himalayan Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Uttarakhandi Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends, Modern Garhwali Dramas about Bravery of Heroic Legends to be continued…..

 

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