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History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh)

History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -133     
   
               History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -380 
 
                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)

                 For Garhwal King Mahipati or Mahipat Shah, looting from Daba, Tibet was a disturbing factor. It was necessary that that Basher (Bashahar, Bushahar,Bushahr) and  Baspa valley under Garhwal rule to overcome Daba Tibet problem. By capturing Baspa valley, Kinnaur and Basher could fetch the rule over the prosperous trade of salt, Borax, gold dust, wool and many herbs between Tibet and Basher Kingdom.
     Basher is above north of Shimal, east of Spiti, west of Tibet and Garhwal. Basher Kingdom was established by a Rana Thakur at the time of Ajypal with the help of Garhwali soldiers. The last official prince of Basher was present Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister Beer Bhadra Singh.
 King Kehari Singh of Basher (1554) established his capital in Rampur. Kehari Singh forced Tibet King to have treaty. Kehri Singh also helped Tibet King at the time of Kashmir attack on Tibet.
                Kehri Singh and Tibet King started a joint Trade fair Oli or Lavi Fair in Rampur in November (Kartik after Deepawali) around 1554. This trade fair is still held every year in Rampur.
                  Mahipati or Mahipat Shah sent his army led by Chief Army Staff Madho Singh to capture Basher Kingdom. Basher Kingdom was very powerful Kingdom.
  Garhwali Army under the leadership of Madho Singh Bhandari marched from Shrinagar to Baspa valley via Harshil and followed same root that shepherd use from Himachal to Harshil (Garhwal) today too.
 From Garhwal border Army entered into Baspa via Shringkantha Mountain. Garhwal army crossed Baspa River. Garhwal Army captured Chitkal, Sangla of Baspa Valley, of Kinnaur.
 Garhwali Army captured Kalpa, Chini and reached Pangi.
 Here in Pangi (Himachal) the well experienced army of Basher Kingdom was there to fight back with Garhwal army. There was fierce battle between Basher Army and Garhwal Army. Madho Singh Bhandari was seriously wounded in the battle. It was sure that Madho Singh would die. Before dying, Madho Singh told his principle subordinates not to disclose his death at any cost. If his death was disclosed the Basher army would not leave any Garhwali soldier alive. Madho Singh advised his subordinates to keep his body under the oil roasted cloth in a boxand to perform his funeral in Haridwar.
           Dead Madho Singh body was kept in oil wet cloth in a wooden box and army started backing from battle field slow and slowly.
   Garhwal Army reached back to Garhwal border without winning the battle with dead Madho Singh Bhandari.
 

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 30/6/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -381
   
                                      References

1-Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, 1971, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag-4, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, Pauri Garhwal, India 
2-Harikrishna Raturi, Garhwal ka Itihas
3-Dr. Patiram, Garhwal Ancient and Modern
4-Rahul Sankrityayan, Garhwal
5- Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore
6- Bhakt Darshan, Garhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan
7-Foster, Early Travels in India William Finch
8-Upadhyaya, Shri Shankaracharya
9-Shering, Western Tibet and British
10-H.G. Walton, Gazetteer of British Garhwal
11-B.P.Kamboj, Early Wall Paintings of Garhwal
12-H.g Walton, Gazetteer of Dehradun
13- Vimal Chandra, Prachin Bharat ka Itihas
14-Meera Seth, Wall Paintings of Western Himalayas 
15-Furar, Monumental Antiquities
16-Haudiwala, Studies in Indo-Muslim History
17- Rahul Khari 2007, Jats and Gujjar Origin, History and Culture
18- Upendra Singh, 2006, Delhi: Ancient History, Barghahan Books
19- B.S. Dahiya, 1980, Jats the Ancient Rulers (A Clan Study) , Sterling Publications
20- Maithani, Bharat –Gotrapravardeepika
21 Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, The Doon Valley Down the Ages
22-Dashrath Sharma, Early Chauhan Dynasties
23- Shailndra Nath Sen, Ancient History and Civilization
24-H.M Elliot, 1867, The History of India as told by its Own Historians
25- Jaswant Lal Mehta, 1979, Advance Study in Medieval India
26- Nau Nihal Singh, 2003, The Royal Gurjars: their contribution to India, Anmol Publications 
27- H. Blochmann, 1873,  Aine e- Akbari Translation
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter    
Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal;  SouthAsian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued
XX
History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh); History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh) in context History of Harsil Garhwal, History of Basher Himachal Pradesh; History of Tibet; History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh) in context History of Uttarkashi Garhwal, History of Bapsa valley Himachal Pradesh; History of Tibet; History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh) in context History of Yamunotri region Garhwal, History of  Kinnaur Himachal Pradesh; History of Tibet; History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh) in context History of Purola Garhwal, History of Sangla Himachal Pradesh; History of Tibet; History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh) in context History of Nanal Garhwal, History of Chitkul, Kinnaur,  Himachal Pradesh; History of Tibet; History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh) in context History of Garhwal, History of Kalpa Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh; History of Tibet; History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh) in context History of Garhwal, History of Chinni, Kinnaur Himachal Pradesh; History of Tibet; History of Garhwal Army led by Madho Singh Bhandari attacking on Basher or Bushahar (Himachal Pradesh) in context History of Garhwal, History of Pangi, Kinnaur Himachal Pradesh; History of Tibet;

History of Garhwal King Mahipati Shah having Mental Disturbances
 
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -135     
   
               History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -382 
 
                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)

                  Maularam Tunwar informed that Mahipati Shah was Vammargi Shakt Sadhak . Garhwal King Mahipat Shah used to perform rituals for Shakti in day, night and on Amavshya. His Goddess was Mahishmardani. On one occasion at the time of concentration he got mental disturbance. He lost mental stability from that time.
              Mahipati Shah started taking alcohol abundantly.  His eyes used to become unstable. He started taking decision without second thought. Mahipat Shah used to repent after his bad or evil acts. Mahipati Shah started others as if they don’t exist. He killed many innocent people of his court and kingdom. People were afraid of his unstable behavior.
 
                    Mahipati Shah visiting Bharat Mandir , Rishikesh

    Mahipati Shah was on visit to Kumbh Fair at Haridwar.  He reached to Rishikesh and rested there. In Rishikesh, Mahipati Shah paid visit to Bharat temple. He started at Bharat statue and was confused that Bharat was staring him with anger. In anger, Mahipati Shah asked his men to take out the eyes of statue. His body guards took out eyes from Bharat statue. Mahipat Shah found that the eyes of statue were of colored stone. He was embarrassed by his behavior and asked his men to fit eyes on statue.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 3/7/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -383
   
                                      References

1-Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, 1971, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag-4, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, Pauri Garhwal, India 
2-Harikrishna Raturi, Garhwal ka Itihas
3-Dr. Patiram, Garhwal Ancient and Modern
4-Rahul Sankrityayan, Garhwal
5- Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore
6- Bhakt Darshan, Garhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan
7-Foster, Early Travels in India William Finch
8-Upadhyaya, Shri Shankaracharya
9-Shering, Western Tibet and British
10-H.G. Walton, Gazetteer of British Garhwal
11-B.P.Kamboj, Early Wall Paintings of Garhwal
12-H.g Walton, Gazetteer of Dehradun
13- Vimal Chandra, Prachin Bharat ka Itihas
14-Meera Seth, Wall Paintings of Western Himalayas 
15-Furar, Monumental Antiquities
16-Haudiwala, Studies in Indo-Muslim History
17- Rahul Khari 2007, Jats and Gujjar Origin, History and Culture
18- Upendra Singh, 2006, Delhi: Ancient History, Barghahan Books
19- B.S. Dahiya, 1980, Jats the Ancient Rulers (A Clan Study) , Sterling Publications
20- Maithani, Bharat –Gotrapravardeepika
21 Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, The Doon Valley Down the Ages
22-Dashrath Sharma, Early Chauhan Dynasties
23- Shailndra Nath Sen, Ancient History and Civilization
24-H.M Elliot, 1867, The History of India as told by its Own Historians
25- Jaswant Lal Mehta, 1979, Advance Study in Medieval India
26- Nau Nihal Singh, 2003, The Royal Gurjars: their contribution to India, Anmol Publications 
27- H. Blochmann, 1873,  Aine e- Akbari Translation
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter    
Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal;  SouthAsian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued
XX

            History review of Garhwal King Mahipati Shah Attacking on Kumaon 

History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -137     
   
               History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -384 
 
                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
                   

  In gadhrajvansh Kava, Maularam provides details of Mahipati Shah for repent practice he attacked on Kumaon.
As per Maularam, Mahipati Shah attacked on Trimli Chand. Trimal Chandra took shelter in Garhwal Kingdom and did not want to fight with Garhwal king. However, Mahipati Shah compelled the battle and Mahipati Shah died there.
           There is no mention of Mahipati Shah attacking Kumaon in the history references of Kumaon (Pande  etc). Rahul etc did not mention about battle between Mahipati Shah and Kumaon King.


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 5/7/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -385
   
                                      References

1-Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, 1971, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag-4, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, Pauri Garhwal, India 
2-Harikrishna Raturi, Garhwal ka Itihas
3-Dr. Patiram, Garhwal Ancient and Modern
4-Rahul Sankrityayan, Garhwal
5- Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore
6- Bhakt Darshan, Garhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan
7-Foster, Early Travels in India William Finch
8-Upadhyaya, Shri Shankaracharya
9-Shering, Western Tibet and British
10-H.G. Walton, Gazetteer of British Garhwal
11-B.P.Kamboj, Early Wall Paintings of Garhwal
12-H.g Walton, Gazetteer of Dehradun
13- Vimal Chandra, Prachin Bharat ka Itihas
14-Meera Seth, Wall Paintings of Western Himalayas 
15-Furar, Monumental Antiquities
16-Haudiwala, Studies in Indo-Muslim History
17- Rahul Khari 2007, Jats and Gujjar Origin, History and Culture
18- Upendra Singh, 2006, Delhi: Ancient History, Barghahan Books
19- B.S. Dahiya, 1980, Jats the Ancient Rulers (A Clan Study) , Sterling Publications
20- Maithani, Bharat –Gotrapravardeepika
21 Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, The Doon Valley Down the Ages
22-Dashrath Sharma, Early Chauhan Dynasties
23- Shailndra Nath Sen, Ancient History and Civilization
24-H.M Elliot, 1867, The History of India as told by its Own Historians
25- Jaswant Lal Mehta, 1979, Advance Study in Medieval India
26- Nau Nihal Singh, 2003, The Royal Gurjars: their contribution to India, Anmol Publications 
27- H. Blochmann, 1873,  Aine e- Akbari Translation
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter    
Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal;  SouthAsian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued

  History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan

History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -139     
   
               History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -386 
 
                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)

            Queen Karnavati as Nakkati, Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani

             At the time of death of Garhwal King Mahipati Shah, his son Prithvi Pati Shah was seven years old as heir apparent. Therefore, a queen of Mahipati Shah took over the administration. The Historians as Atkinson, Valtan, Raturi, Patiram,  Rahul and Bhakta Darshan did not mention of queen Karnavati. However, Badshahnama by Abdul Hameed Lahori, Massir– al –Umara mention the name of a queen Nak Katti or Nak Katai Rani and her Muslim commander Dost Beg. Nak Katti or Nak Katai rani means that queen chops nose of enemy or criminals. There is mention of Maharani Mata Karnavati in old manuscript ‘Sanwari Granth9 Tantra- Mantra manuscript) and was kept in dynastic collection of  Thakur Shur Beer Singh of Purana Darbar of Tehri.
 William and Atkinson and other mention maharani Karnavati as queen of Ajboo Kunwar and those statements are wrong (Ajy S. Rawat).

 There is a copper plate inscription issued by Karnavati (1640) that states that Maharani Karnavati offered land of a village Hat to Hatwal Brahmins. Madho Singh Bhandari has been refereed as witness of the offering. This copper plate suggests that Madho Singh did die not in time of Mahipati Shah (1635) and Chhota Chini(Tibet)   attack happened after 1635 to 1640.
               Commander Dost Beg of Karnavati queen
Massir– al –Umara mentions that queen had a brave, devoted commander Dost Beg. It seems that Dost beg became powerful commander after death of Lodi Rikhola, Madho Singh and Banvari Das Tunwar. Dost Beg was also commander of Garhwal King Mahipati Shah.
                       Opportunity for Mughal Rule

 When Mahipati Shah died around 1635 Shahjahan and his regional commander in Meerut Kirodi Mirza saw an opportunity to capture Doon Valley. Kirodi Mirza the local commander of Meerut   Emperor Shahjahan had everlasting ambition to take Kailagarh fort under Mughal rule. However, it was not possible for Mughal to attack on Garhwal in the time of Mahipati Shah.
 Mahipati Shah Capturing Sirmaur Region of Dehradun

               Mahipati Shah captured Kainigarh (Kalsi) and Viratgarh of Dehradun from Sirmaur (Himachal) Kingdom. The Sirmaur King Karma Prakash requested his friend Mughal Emperor Shahjahan to help to free Kalsi and Viratgarh from Garhwal Kingdom. However, due to various factors, Mughal Emperor Shahjahan could not help Sirmaur King. Karmprakash died around 1654.
   Sirmaur King Mandhata the son of Karmaprakash requested Mughal Emperor Shahjahan to help him in getting Kainigarh (Kalsi ) and Viratgarh free from Garhwal after the death of Mahipati Shah.
  Shahjahan saw an opportunity to capture Garhwal after death of Mahipati Shah.
   
Balance part in next chapter of History of Garhwal….

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 7/7/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -387
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….
XX    
Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal;  SouthAsian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued
XX
History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Moghal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan in context History of Garhwal, History of Mughal Delhi, History of Sirmaur, History of Haridwar; History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Moghal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan in context History of Klasi Garhwal, History of Mughal Delhi, History of Sirmaur, History of Haridwar; History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Moghal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan in context History of Viratgarh Garhwal, History of Mughal Delhi, History of Sirmaur, History of Haridwar; History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Moghal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan in context History of Dehradun Garhwal, History of Mughal Delhi, History of Sirmaur, History of Haridwar; History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Moghal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan in context History of Uttarkashi Garhwal, History of Mughal Delhi, History of Sirmaur, History of Haridwar; History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Moghal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan in context History of Tehri Garhwal, History of Mughal Delhi, History of Sirmaur, History of Haridwar; History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Moghal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan in context History of Chamoli Garhwal, History of Mughal Delhi, History of Sirmaur, History of Haridwar; History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Moghal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan in context History of Rudraprayag  Garhwal, History of Mughal Delhi, History of Sirmaur, History of Haridwar; History of Garhwal Queen Karnavati (Nak Katti, Nak Katati Rani) humiliating Mughal, Moghal, Mogul Empire Shahjahan in context History of Pauri Garhwal, History of Mughal Delhi, History of Sirmaur, History of Haridwar;
 

              History of Mughal Army Capturing Dehradun

History of Garhwali Queen Karnavati, part -3

History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -141     
   
               History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -388 
 
                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
         Najabat Khan the Kangra residential commander of Mughal Emporor along with Sirmaur King Madhata Prakash marched for attacking on Garhwal Kingdom. Their army entered in Dehradun valley by crossing Yamuna River.
  The Mughal Army captured Shergarh Fort (built by Madho Singh Bhandari) easily. Shergarh was under Garhwal Kingdom.
  Both the army marched ahead of Yamuna bank towards Kalsi . Mughal army and army of Mandhata Prakash captured Kanigarh near Kalsi. A few years back, Sirmaur had rule over Kanigarh,. Najabat Khan presented Kanigarh to Mandhata Prakash as friendly gift.
  Mandhata wanted to recapture his Fort of Vairatgarh that was then under Garhwal Kingdom. With the help of Mughal Army, Mandhata Prakash captured Vairat Garh Fort.
                      Najabat Khan marched towards south of Kalsi. Santur Grh in Dehradun was important and strategic fort for Garhwal Kingdom.Mughal army captured Santurgarh Fort too. Najabat Khand handed over Saturgarh to the Jagirdar of Lakhanpur Jagtu. It was important that Santurgarh was defended strongly. Najabat Khan offered one thousand of infantry soldiers and   one hundred horse riding armed personnel.
 Now, there was rule of Mughal army on Doon valley.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 9/7/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -389
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….
XX    
Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal;  SouthAsian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued
XX
History of Mughal Army Capturing Dehradun; History of Mughal Army Capturing Dehradun Garhwal in context History of Kalsi Dehradun, Garhwal, History of Sirmaur Himachal Pradesh; History of Mughal Army Capturing Dehradun Garhwal in context History of Vairat garh Dehradun, Garhwal, History of Sirmaur Himachal Pradesh; History of Mughal Army Capturing Dehradun Garhwal in context History of  Dehradun, History of Mughal Army Capturing Dehradun Garhwal in context History of  Sahaspur Dehradun, Garhwal, History of Sirmaur Himachal Pradesh; History of Mughal Army Capturing Dehradun Garhwal in context History of  Dehradun, Garhwal, History of Sirmaur Himachal Pradesh; History of Mughal Army Capturing Dehradun Garhwal in context History of  Timli Dehradun, Garhwal, History of Sirmaur Himachal Pradesh; History of Mughal Army Capturing Dehradun Garhwal in context History of  Chandighat Haridwar , Garhwal, History of Sirmaur Himachal Pradesh;