Articles By Bhisma Kukreti - श्री भीष्म कुकरेती जी के लेख

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Nagraja Puja Jagar: Religious Folk Song for Krishna 

Folk Literature of Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna-Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Garhwal -26 

Jagar Gatha (Lyrical Prose Folk Ritual Sayings) from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Region-20

            Folk Songs/Folktales collection by late Dr. Jagdish Prasad 'Jaggu' Naudiyal 

                 Translation, Interpretation by: Bhishma Kukreti

                      As in other parts of Kumaon and Garhwal, Krishna is worshipped as Nagraja deity in Ravaeen/Ravain region of Uttarkashi and Dehradun.
                There are names for Krishna as Nagelu, Nagraja or Sinkaru Nag. Usually, the Nagraja temples are away from village in forest area.
    Sinkaru Nagraja is worshipped in Purola-Naugaon region of Uttarkashi.

रवांइ क्षेत्र में नाग पूजा संबंधी  कहावत –Local Sayings about the worshipping o Nagraja deity

जू ने देलो सिंकारु नाग की पूजा।
त बुरो होलो ये सरू नतीजा।।
If you don't offer prayer/perform Nraraja rituals to Sinkaru Nag there would be bad results. 
रवांइ क्षेत्र में  नागराज  जागर       
Nagraja Jagar in Ravain/Rawaeen of Uttarkashi and Dehradun
         

नागराज देणु ह्वे नाग  नागेलो।
दूध फूलो पूजा दुऊ  नाग  नागेलो।
नागराज देणु ह्वे नाग  नागेलो।
शुद्ध बुद्ध देऊं हाम्बी नाग  नागेलो।
हरी भरी- क्यारी -सारी नाग  नागेलो।
कृपा हाम्बी पर रौऊ नाग  नागेलो।
तेरी देऊं भेंट हाम्बी नाग  नागेलो।
नागराज देणु ह्वे नाग  नागेलो।
O Nagraj! Bless us.
O Nagraja! O Negelu! Be auspicious on us.
O Nagraja! O Nagelu! Provide intellect and cleanness to us.
O Nagraja! O Nagelu! Make our farms green for us.
O Nagraja! O Negelu! Be sympathetic to us.
O Nagraja! O Nagelu! Bring prosperity for us.
O Nagraja! O Negelu! Be favorable to  us.


Copyright for interpretation @ Bhishma Kukreti 24/6/2013

     References:
Dr Jagdish Prasad Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar  (Ravain Kshetra ke lok Sahitya ka Sanskritik Adhyayan
2-Sudha Chandola, Some Goddess Rituals from Non Narrative folk songs of India
Xxx         xx             
Folk Literature of Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Garhwal to be continued...27
Jagar Gatha (Lyrical Prose Folk Ritual Tales) from Ravain, Yamuna-Tons Valley, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Region to be continued...20
Xx               xxxx
Notes on Religious Folk Song for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Radhi-danda Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Kharsali Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Yamunotri Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Janki Chatti, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Hanuman Chatti Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Gangnani Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Barkot,  Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Naugaon Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Lakhamandal Ravain, Dehradun , Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Purola Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Jarmola Dhar, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna;  Asian Religious Folk Song from Mori, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Naitwar, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Anhola, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Tyuni Ravain, Dehradun , Garhwal for Krishna; Asian Religious Folk Song from Arakot, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal for Krishna   

[Bhishma Kukreti]

आपदा राहत सहायता में राजनैतिक और सामजिक प्रोपेगेंडा ?

                     भीष्म कुकरेती

          उत्तराखंड में आई भूस्खलन विपदा से कई प्रश्न समाज और देस के सामने खड़े हुए हैं।
एक प्रश्न हर आपदा के समय उपजता है कि आपदा राहत सहायता में राजनैतिक दल और सामजिक संस्थाएं प्रोपेगेंडा भी करती हैं। सामजिक संस्थाओं के प्रचार प्रसार को आम मनुष्य बुरा नही मानता किन्तु राजनैतिक दलों के प्रचार प्रसार को बुरा माना जाने लगता है।
प्रधान मंत्री श्री मनमोहन सिंह  व श्रीमती सोनिया गांधी जब हवाई दौरे पर गये तो फेस बुक/सोसल मीडिया में कइयों ने इनके कारण रहत कार्य में बिलम्ब होने को 'शर्मनाक' कहा।
इसी तरह नरेंद्र मोदी के राहत कार्य को उनके विरोधी पचा नही पा रहे हैं।
      जहां तक आपदा राहत सहायता में प्रचार प्रसार का प्रश्न है यह प्रचार प्रसार अति आवश्यक है।
श्रीमती  सोनिया गांधी और श्री मनोहन सिंह का उत्तराखंड दौरा अति आवश्यक था। इनके कारण यदि राहत कार्य में थोडा बहुत देरी भी हुयी तो वः जायज है 'शर्मनाक ' तो कतई नही है।
यूपीए चेयरपरसन और प्रधान मंत्री के आपदा निरीक्षण से कई तरह के लाभ मिलते हैं।
उच्च पदासीन लोगों जैसे प्रधान मंत्री, यूपीए चेयरपरसन, मुख्यमंत्री के दौरों से उन्हें यथास्थिति की जानकारी मिल जाती है जो इस तरह की आपदा राहत हेतु अत्यंत आवश्यक है।
उच्च पदासीन लोगों जैसे प्रधान मंत्री, यूपीए चेयरपरसन, मुख्यमंत्री के दौरों से सभी तरह के लोगों तक समाचार पंहुच जाता है जो आपदा राहत कार्यों के लिए जरूरी उपादान होता है।
उच्च पदासीन लोगों जैसे प्रधान मंत्री, यूपीए चेयरपरसन, मुख्यमंत्री के दौरों से यह समाचार समाचार नही रह जाता है अपितु एक मुद्दा बन जाता है। आपदा राहत कार्यों में घटना का मुद्दा बनना लाभकारी सिद्ध होता है।
उच्च पदासीन लोगों जैसे प्रधान मंत्री, यूपीए चेयरपरसन, मुख्यमंत्री के दौरों से जिन पर आपदा आई है , जो लोग प्रभावित हुए हैं और जिन्होंने आपदा प्रबंधन में सहयोग देना है सभी को एक भरोसा एक विश्वास मिलता है जो इस तरह की विपत्ति संघार के लिए निहायत ही जरुरी  है।
उच्च पदासीन लोगों के दुर्घटनास्थल के दौरों से आपदा राहत कार्य में संलग्न लोगो को प्रोत्साहन मिलता है।

  राजनैतिक, सामजिक  या धार्मिक नेता जब इस तरह के कार्यों में जुटते हैं और अपना प्रचार प्रसार करते हैं तो इस प्रचार प्रसार से उनके कार्यकर्ताओं , अन्य संस्थानों के कार्यकर्ताओं , आम लोगों आदियों को इस आपदा राहत सहायता के लिए आगे आने का प्रोत्साहन मिलता है। इसलिए नरेंद्र मोदी जी  , राहुल गांधी जी के उत्तराखंड भ्रमण को जायज माना जाना चाहिए। इस तरह के प्रसिद्ध लोगों के आपदा राहत सहायता में आगे आने से अन्य सोये लोग भी आगे आते हैं। लोगों को एक प्रेरणा मिलती है कि आपदा सहायता में यथोचित योगदान दिया जाय।
  इस आपदा रहत सहायता में जितना अधिक राजनैतिक , सामजिक व धार्मिक प्रोपेगेंडा होगा उतना अधिक  राहत  सहायता में लोग जुड़ेंगे
अत:राजनेताओं , सामजिक संस्थाओं , धार्मिक संस्थाओं व व्यापारिक संस्थानों के राहत  सहायता के प्रोपेगेंडा को सकारात्मक घटनाए मानी जानी चाहिए ना कि नकारत्मक घटनाएँ।



Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  25/06/2013

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Varman and Vardhana Kings of Devprayag after Death of Harsha Vardhana (6th and 7th century)


History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 81

          (Classical Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand))


                                                       By: Bhishma Kukreti

                             Uttarakhand after Harsha Vardhana

                     It is correct that the heirs of Harsha Vardhana were weak to protect their kingdom. The regional chieftains became free from central feudal rule of Harsha Vardhana dynasty.
          There was misconception that after death of Harsha Vardhana, a Tibetan or Chinese warrior ruled north India including Uttarakhand.   
                                    Inscriptions of Paletha, Tehri Garhwal

                The finding of Paletha, near Dev Prayag, Tehri Garhwal inscriptions outside of Buddha and Sun temples by Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral and subsequent publishing the inscriptions by Archeological Survey of India and inscription of Taleshwar, Kumaon prove that there were many regional rulers after the death of Harsha Vardhana in India. 
                                        Chieftain   Adivarman of Dev Prayag Region
  It is guessed that (around sixth to seventh century), after death of Harsha Vardhana, Adivarman founded a kingdom near Dev Prayag. It is guessed that Adivarman ruled the south part of Garhwal, Dehradun and Haridwar up to Srughana of Saharanpur.
            It seems that Dev Prayag or nearby place was capital of Adivarman kingdom.

                                Param Bhattarak Maharajdhiraj Parmeshwar Kalyanvarman

                   The title Param Bhattarak Maharajdhiraj Parmeshwar for Kalyanvarman also suggests that Adivarman was not the founder of kingdom but Kalyanvarman. It also suggests that Kalyanvarman extended the kingdom.
                                                    Adityavardhan

                        It seems that Adityavardhan was an important and strong officer of Kalyanvarman

                                               Karakvardhan
                       Karakvardhan was the son of daughter of Adityavardhan.
                  There is less known about the history aspects in this era.
                               Relationship of Varman/Vardhan with Paurav Dynasty
                   There are no evidence for relationship of Varman and Vardhan families with their contemporary Paurav dynasty kings of Taleshwar, Kumaon


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 25/06/2013
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued... Part -82
       


References:
1-Jayswal, K.P., Andhkaryugin Bharat
2-Shiv Prasad Dabra, 'Charan', 1968, Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Bhag –1 and 3
3-Rahul Sankrityayan , Garhwal
4-Dinesh Saklani, 1998, Ancient Communities of the Himalayas
7-Arun Kumar Mishra, 1992, The Trading Communities in Ancient India:
8- Indian Archeology Review, 1968-69
12-Thapliyal, K.K, 1984, Inscriptions of Maukharis, Late Guptas, Pushyabhutis and Yashovarman of Kanauj
13-Uma Prasad Thapliyal, 2005, Uttaranchal: Historical and Cultural Prospective (Page 29, about Authority of Maukharis on Uttarakhand and Haridwar) 
14-.Tripathi, R.S., History of Kanauj
15-Encyclopedia of Ancient Indian Geography Kashi-Z, Volume-2; Edited by Subodh Kapoor, 2002, page 459-460
16-Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, Doon Valley down the Ages, page 33
17-Kamboj, B.P., 2003, Early Wall Painting of Garhwal, page 20
18- Archeological Survey 1968-69 A Review, page-51
19-Annual Report on Indian Epigraphy, 1974 page -9


Xx                          xx            xx       
Asian History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Uttarkashi, Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Pauri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Haridwar, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Shivpuri, Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Rishikesh, Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Gulargad, Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Vyasi, Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Kaudiaya, Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Singtali, Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Paletha, Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Palethi, Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana; Asian History of Lingu, Tehri Garhwal, after death of Harsha Vardhana;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Satpuli Motor Baugin Khas: Garhwali (Asian) Folk Song on Himalayan Disaster 

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Haridwar, Uttarkahnd-67

Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Emotions, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values, Human Sacrifices, Contemporary subjects interpersonal bond from Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon (Uttarakhand) – 14 


(The write up is dedicated to Dr. Shiv Prasad Naithani for his extensive works on Kumaoni-Garhwal I Folk Literature)

                                        By: Bhishma Kukreti

                   The folk literature creators of Garhwal and Kumaon were Vadi and Hudkya communities. Women used to create folk songs on their regional subjects and contemporary subject. 
       Landslides, flooding have been common in hills of Garhwal and Kumaon. There had been many folk songs about Himalayan disasters such as landslides, flooding, forest fire, cloud bursting etc from the ancient age.  However, such folk songs remained alive only if they became popular among people and had durability purpose. 
                           The following folk song is based on true events of flooding in Nayar River at Satpuli, Pauri Garhwal. The flooding of Satpuli in August 1951 washed away land and hundreds of motors standing there.

       कुमाऊं, गढ़वाल ,हरिद्वार  की लोक गाथाएँ  -67       

                            गढ़वाल , कुमाऊं ,  हरिद्वार, की मानवीय संवेदना आधारित  लोक गाथाएँ -14

                         (सन्दर्भ:डा शिव प्रसाद नैथाणी  लोक  संस्कृति , उद्गाता , 2011, पृष्ट 87 -118 )
                               (इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति एवं व्याखा : भीष्म कुकरेती )

सतपुळी मोटर बौगिन खास

द्वि हजार आठ भादों का मास,
सतपुळी मोटर बौगिन खास ।
औडर आये कि जाँच होली,
पुर्जा दिखण कु जांच होली।
अपणी मोटर साथ लावो,
भोळ जांच होलि अब सोई जावो।
सेइ जौंला  भै बंधो बरखा ऐगे,
गिड़ गिड़ थड़ थड़ सुणेण  लैगे।
गाड़ी छत मा अब पाणी ऐगे,
जिकुड़ि डमडम कमण  लैगे।
या पाणी नयार कन आये मैकु,
जिया ब्वे बोलणु नी रोणु मैकु।
जिया ब्वे बोलणु नी रोणु मैकु।।
द्वि हजार आठ भादों का मास,
सतपुळी मोटर बौगिन खास ।
It was August - September 1951.
The Motors washed away by flood.
There was order that the officer would check the motors.
There was order that the officer would check the components of motors
There was to bring all motors.
The officers informed that there would be checking next day.
He advised to sleep.
While we were sleeping, there was a heavy rain.
The rain water reached up to roof of motors.
We were afraid.
The Nayar River flood washed away all motors.
O mother! Don't weep for me.   

The said folk song is still popular in Garhwal.

Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 25/06/2013
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued...67 
Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, , Human values, Contemporary subjects, Human Sacrifices,  interpersonal bond  from Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon (Uttarakhand) –14
   
                                  Curtsey and references

Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)
Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )
Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet  (Folk Songs and Folk dances of Garhwal )
Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)
Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)
Dr Urvi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)
Dr. Dip Chand Chaudhri, 1995, Askot ka Palvansh , Gumani Shodhkendra, Uprada, Gangalighat
Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)
Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)
Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain) 
Ramesh Matiyani 'Shailesh' 1959, Kumaun ki Lok Gathayen
Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)
Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday
Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends 
C.M. Agarwal , Golu Devta, 1992, The God of Justice of Kumaon Himalayas
N.D .Paliwal, 1987, Kumaoni Lok Geet
E.S. Oakley and Tara Datt Gairola 1935, Himalayan Folklore
M.R.Anand, 2009, Understanding the Socio Cultural experiences of Pahadi folks: Jagar Gathas of Kumaon and Garhwal
Dr. Pradeep Saklani, 2008, Ethno archeology of Yamuna Valley
Shiv Narayan Singh Bisht, 1928, Gadhu Sumyal, Banghat , Pauri Garhwal
Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti         www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm
Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women
Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhy Tatva va Vivechana
Helle Primdahi, 1994, Central Himalayan Folklore: folk Songs in Rituals of the Life Cycle
Hemant Kumar Shukla, D.R. Purohit, 2012, Theories and Practices of Hurkiya Theater in Uttarakhand, Language in India Vol.12:5: 2012 Page 143- 150
Dev Singh Pokhariya, 1996, Kumauni Jagar Kathayen aur Lokgathayen
Madan Chand Bhatt, 2002, Kumaun ki Jagar Kathayen 
Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwal ki Lok Kathayen, Alaknanda Prakashan
Bhishma Kukreti, Notes on History, Folk Literature of Haridwar
Khima Nand Sharma, Veer Balak Haru Heet, Kumauni Sahitya Sadan, Delhi, 1980.
Xx                                             xx                                             xx
Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Satpuli, Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Pauri Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Lansdowne tehsil, Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Rudraprayag, Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Dhangu block, Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Chamoli Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Tehri Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Uttarkashi, Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Patti  Langur, Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Maniyarsyun, Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Chaundkot, Garhwal; Asian folk songs on Himalayan Disaster from Banelsyun, Garhwal.

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Danda ka Nagelu: Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song Worshipping Krishna

Oriental/Asian Folk Literature from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna-Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Garhwal -27 

Asian/oriental Jagar Gatha (Lyrical Prose Folk Ritual Sayings) from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Region-21

            Folk Songs/Folktales collection by late Dr. Jagdish Prasad 'Jaggu' Naudiyal 

                 Translation, Interpretation by: Bhishma Kukreti


                 People of Garhwal and Kumaon including Ravain region of Garhwal worship Lord Krishna as Nagraja/Nagelu.
                      There are many types of Nagraja/Nagelu. Many Nagraja/Nagelu are according to region of temples.  For example, Danda ka Nagelu of Naugaon is situated at the hill top of Naugaon, Uttarkashi. The people sing the following folk ritual song at the time of Uthana (vowing for worshipping about Nagraja) and Nagraja worshipping event.
             People of Naugaon region gather in the temple court, worship and sing the following folk ritual song. The priest play music instruments - Dhol-Damau.  People dance with the folk song sung by Jagari/priest. It is believed that Krishna comes there in the form of snake (Nag).

रवांइ,  उत्तरकाशी  गढ़वाल क्षेत्र  के  प्रचलित   लोक गीत- 27 

रवांइ,  उत्तरकाशी, देहरादून  क्षेत्र से जागर या धार्मिक अनुष्ठान के लोक गीत/कथायें    -20   
 
   
(मूल -डा जगदीश 'जग्गू' नौडियालगीत   २०११, उत्तराखंड की सांस्कृतिक धरोहर ( रवांइ क्षेत्र के लोकसाहित्य का  सांस्कृतिक अध्ययन ), विनसर पब्लिशिंग कं. देहरादून  )

( इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति  एवं अतिरिक्त व्याखा - भीष्म कुकरेती )



डांडा नगेलू पूजा जागर

डांडा का नगेलू,  डांडा को  नगेलू।
डांडा को बसेलू नाग,डांडा को बसेलू।।
कृष्ण जनू रूप रौयौ नेगेलु।
भेंट लेकी आया हाम्बी यमुना जी को पाणी।।
धूप  दीप द्यूलू नाग आटो घी की माणी।
झूट त्वेम क्यों लगाण हामू साँची लाणी।।
डांडा का नगेलू,  डांडा को  नगेलू।
डांडा को बसेलू नाग,डांडा को बसेलू।।
  O Danda ka Nagelu!  Nagelu o f hill!
O Danda ka Nagelu!  You are same as Krishna 
O Danda ka Nagelu! We brought Yamuna water for you.
O Danda ka Nagelu! We shall offer you Ghee, flour and Ghee smoke
O Danda ka Nagelu! We are speaking the truth.
O Danda ka Nagelu!


Copyright for interpretation @ Bhishma Kukreti 25/6/2013


   References:
Dr Jagdish Prasad Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar  (Ravain Kshetra ke lok Sahitya ka Sanskritik Adhyayan
2-Sudha Chandola, Some Goddess Rituals from Non Narrative folk songs of India
Xxx         xx             
Folk Literature of Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Garhwal to be continued...28
Jagar Gatha (Lyrical Prose Folk Ritual Tales) from Ravain, Yamuna-Tons Valley, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Region to be continued...21
Xxx           xx
Notes on Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Naugaon, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Barkot, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Kuwa,  Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Samul, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Rajgarhi, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Bhankoli, Rama, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Sangamchatti, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Monal, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Jamola, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna. Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Dewar, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna; Oriental/Asian Religious Folk Song from Purola, Ravain, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Worshipping Krishna.   

[Bhishma Kukreti]

 गढ़वाली हास्य -व्यंग्य
सौज सौज मा मजाक मसखरी  दृष्टि से
  हौंस,चबोड़,चखन्यौ   
  सौज सौज मा गंभीर चर्चा ,छ्वीं 
                       

                                मुर्दौं अळग  बैठिs स्व -प्रशंसा गीत गाण

                            (मुर्दों के ऊपर बैठकर  स्व -प्रशंसा के गीत गाना )

                  चबोड़्या - चखन्यौर्या: भीष्म कुकरेती

(s = आधी अ, आधी अ//s= क, का , की,, कु के ,को आदि)

घरवळिन तून दींद बोलि- तुम से भलो तो वो सर्वा नन्द ही ठीक छौ। उ त बुबा जिन ही ना बोलि दे निथर सर्वानन्द का बुबा जी ड्वाला ख़ुद उठाणो तयार छा।
मीन पूछ - अरे यू सर्वानंद क्वा च?
म्यार बड़न जबाब दे - पापा ये देहरादून में हैं। नेता हैं। नेतागिरी से पहले आगरा पागलखाना में थे।
मीन घरवळि पूछ - त फिर कौरि लींदी वै पागलौ दगड़ पलाबन्द।
घरवळि- बुबा जी बड़  जाति  बामण बोलीक पागलौ  दगड़ म्यार ब्यौ करणों तयार छ्या पण टकों ब्यौ करणों तयार नि छया।
मि -  टकों ब्या किलै?  दानौ ब्यौ  मा क्या खराबी छे?
म्यार नौनु -पापा आप समझे नही उस समय सर्वानन्द अंकल पागलखाना में ही थे।
घरवळि-डाक्टर सर्वानन्द तै द्वी दिनों छुटी दे दींदा त आज मीन यी दिन थुका दिखण छौ
मि - ह्यां आज शादी तीस सालौ बाद त्वे तैं पागल सर्वानन्द की याद किलै आयि?   
घरवळि-दिखणा छा विजय बहुगुणा  जिठा जीन कथगा बड़ो , बिगरैल बिज्ञापन दे।
मि - तो?   
घरवळि- तो क्या जु तुम बि जसपुर ग्राम सभा का प्रधान हूंदा त तुम बि बड़ो, बिगरैल विज्ञापन दींदा ...
मि - अरे मि कनकैक ग्राम प्रधान बौण सकुद छौ। चालीस साल ह्वे गेन मीन गाँ नि देखि तो ग्राम प्रधान बणन क्वी भलि बात च?   
घरवळि-जौं  विजय जिठा जी तैं यी बि नि पता कि गौळ मा अर सीढ़ी मा क्या अंतर होंदु अर इन मनिख  उत्तराखंड को मुख्यमंत्री बौण सकदन तो तुम अपण गाँवक प्रधान किलै नि बौण सकदा?
मि -  ह्याँ पण जु मि गांवक प्रधान बौणि बि जांदु त क्या ह्वे जांदु?   
घरवळि-कनो ? गाँ मा ये  साल शताब्दी की बड़ी बरखा , पांच शताब्दी को बड़ो भळक (भूस्खलन) नि आंद क्या?
मि -  तो ?
घरवळि-तो क्या? दसियों पगार उजड़दा, कुछ मकान भेळ जोग हूंदा,   कुछ लोग मरदा, कुछ डुबदा, मवेशी (पशु ) मरदा, बड़ो भारी नुकसान होंदु।
मि -मतलब तू चांदी बल म्यार ग्राम प्रधान बणन पर गान पर इथगा विपत्ती  आंदी?   
घरवळि-चूंकि तुमर समज मा तो आंदो ना की पहाड़ की ईं समस्या से कनै निबटाये जावो तो फिर राज्य सरकार या केन्द्रीय सरकार की मेहरबानी, सहायता  से कुछ लोगुं तैं , कुछ मवेस्यूं तैं बचाए जांद
मि -  अरे क्या बखणि छे? 
घरवळि-फिर मुरदौं तै कट्ठा  करे जांद , मर्याँ मवेस्युं तैं बि एक जगा कट्ठा करे जांद
मि -  फिर ? 
घरवळि-फिर तुम मर्यां म्वेस्युं  अळग खड़ा होंदा अर अपण प्रशंसा करदा कि तुमारो  प्रशासन मा इथगा मवेस्युं तैं बचाए ग्यायी अर इथगा मवेस्युं तैं ऊंका धर्मानुसार मुखाग्नि दिए जाणि च।
मि - क्या मवेस्युं तैं धर्मानुसार मुखाग्नि?   
घरवळि- फिर तुम मुर्दौं चिता अळग खड़ा ह्वेक अपण बडां  (प्रशंसायुक्त गीत ) गांदा कि तुमर प्रशासन कथगा कामयाब प्रशासन च।
मि -ह्याँ पण?   
घरवळि-फिर तुम मुर्दौं चिता अळग  अर मर्यां म्वेस्युं अळग स्व-प्रशंसा गीत गांद फोटो खिचांदा।
मि -  ह्याँ पण इन दुःख की घटना मा स्व-प्रशंसा गीत ?
घरवळि-फिर तुम यूँ फोटो तैं विज्ञापन मा बदलदा अर उत्तराखंड का हरेक समाचार पत्रुं मा विज्ञापन छ्पवांदा अर विज्ञापन की हेड लाइन होंद -मैंने और मेरे प्रशासन ने कमर कस कर प्राकृतिक आपदा से लड़ा है
मि - मि कबि बि ये ग़मगीन माहौल मा स्व-प्रशंसा का विज्ञापन नि दींदु।   
घरवळि-हाँ , पण म्यार सर्वानन्द जरुर इन स्व-प्रशंसा का विज्ञापन दींदो।
मि - हाँ अवश्य! पागल ही इन दुखी वातवरण मा अपण प्रशंसा का विज्ञापन छपवै सकुद 
घरवळि-अरे ! तुमर मतलब च कि विजय बहुगुणा जिठा जी पागल छन जौन ब्याळी अपण प्रशंसा का विज्ञापनों मा करोड़ों रुपया खर्च करिन
मि -हाँ ! इन विपदा समौ पर जू बि  इन स्व -प्रशंसा का विज्ञापन द्यावो  वै तैं क्रूर पागल ही बुले जालु


Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  26/06/2013

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Asian History aspects of Paurav Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century)

             History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 82

          (Asian Classical Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand))


                                                       By: Bhishma Kukreti

                                     Taleshwar (Almora) Copper Grants Inscriptions (6th and 7th century)
              The historians found the eight metal plates and copper grants from Taleshwar, Kumaon.
                  The age of the inscription is suggested of sixth and seventh century.  It is definite that this kingdom came in existence after death of Harsha Vardhana.
                      Name of kingdom is called Parvatakar. The territory under Parvatakar kingdom was present Garhwal-Kumaon, Bawar and some part of Srughana (Saharanpur).
          Kartikeypur of Katyuri kings is mentioned as village (brahmpure kartikeypur –gramkah )
          That suggests that the Paurav kingdom came in existence after death of Harshavardhana and before Katyuri dynasty.
              Dr Dabral supports the time period of Paurav or Parvatakar kingdom from 647- 725.)

                   Five Kings of Paurav Kingdom of Parvatakar Region
   There are following names of five kings in Taleshwar copper grants
S.N.--------------King Name-------------------------Relation with past King-----------------Title
1----------------Vishnuvarman--------------------                  -----                     -----            ---
2- -------------------Vrishvavarman ---------------                       ---                    -----              ----
3--------------------Shri Agnivarman -----------------------Son -------------------Parmabhattarak Mahadhiraj
4- ------------------Dyutivarman ----------------------------son ------------------- Parmabhattarak Mahadhiraj
5-----------------------Vishnuvarman (second) ----------son ----------------------- Parmabhattarak Mahadhiraj                   

                                   Discussion on Paurav dynasty Kingdom

               The gotra of Dyutivarman is called Somvanshi or Chandravanshi in the seals. The gotra of Vishnuvarman is called Som-Divakar (mean lunar family and solar family) or Suryavanshi-Chandravanshi. 

                             Connection with Shulik Dynasty

        There are mentions of Shulik kingdom in Maukhari inscriptions. Therefore, many historians as Gooj suggests that Paurava vanshi were related to Shulik kings.   However, there is  no soundness in the arguments of Gooj.

                              Vishnuvarman and Vrishavavarman

                              There is less details about Vishnuvarman and Vrishavavarman. It seems they were chieftains at the time of Harsha Vardhana and Vrishavavarman might have declared himself as the king of Brahmapura.  These kings do not have any title.
                                  Shrayagnivarmana or Shri Agni Varmana
  In the administrative copper inscriptions and seals, the king has the title - Parmabhattarak Mahadhiraj.
                Shri Agni Varmana seems to be founder of Paurava dynasty. Shri Agni Varmana is called 'Gau-Brahman hiteshi'. That means Shri Agni Varmana reestablished four class systems that was weakened in Hun period. Shri Agni Varmana was strong king and was cruel to enemies.

                                 Dwijvarman or Dyutivarman
  In his seal, his name is carved Dwijvarman but in his administrative copper plate and on copper plate of his son Vishnuvarman, his name is carved as Dyutivarman. Dyutivarman is described the fame of his enemies. The title of Dyutivarman is Parmabhattarak Mahadhiraj.
                    Kingdom Extension by Dyutivarman
         The name of Dyutivarman kingdom was Parvatakar or Giryavilli. His rule was over Garhwal, part of Kumaon and parts of Bawar/Bhabhar. He was very brave and was capable of winning over his enemies. His title was 'Parmabhattarak Mahadhiraj'. He also got the title 'Amitvikram'
                          His capital was Brahmapur. 
   His Kuldevata (family deity) was Veerneshwar Nag. The donation plates of the temple were destroyed in fire. That is why Dyutivarman offered new donation order for the land for temple.
                       Dyutivarman was soft on his subjects and used to guard Mahatmas, sages.

                                         Vishnuvarman second
                 'Parmabhattarak Mahadhiraj' Vishnuvarman second is called courteous, energetic, brave and with lot of patience.
Vishnuvarman second donated the land for temple.
  There is no evidence of his successors.  It is believed that Tibetan kings started attacking Garhwal-Kumaon and Yashovarman captured the Paurava kingdom.

**Read about administration in Paurava kingdom in part -84
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 26/06/2013
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued... Part -83
       


References:
1-Jayswal, K.P., Andhkaryugin Bharat
2-Shiv Prasad Dabra, 'Charan', 1968, Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Bhag –1 and 3
3-Rahul Sankrityayan , Garhwal
4-Dinesh Saklani, 1998, Ancient Communities of the Himalayas
7-Arun Kumar Mishra, 1992, The Trading Communities in Ancient India:
8- Indian Archeology Review, 1968-69
12-Thapliyal, K.K, 1984, Inscriptions of Maukharis, Late Guptas, Pushyabhutis and Yashovarman of Kanauj
13-Uma Prasad Thapliyal, 2005, Uttaranchal: Historical and Cultural Prospective (Page 29, about Authority of Maukharis on Uttarakhand and Haridwar) 
14-.Tripathi, R.S., History of Kanauj
15-Encyclopedia of Ancient Indian Geography Kashi-Z, Volume-2; Edited by Subodh Kapoor, 2002, page 459-460
16-Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, Doon Valley down the Ages, page 33
17-Kamboj, B.P., 2003, Early Wall Painting of Garhwal, page 20
18- Archeological Survey 1968-69 A Review, page-51
19-Annual Report on Indian Epigraphy, 1974 page -9
20-Kiran Kumar Thapliyal, Studies in Ancient Seals, 1972,
21-Tara Chand Tripathi, Preceding of Indian History Congress, 1982, Identification of Beahmpur in the Light of Taleshwar copper Grant
Xx     xx
Notes on Asian History of Paurav Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Pithoragarh Kumaon about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Bageshwar, Kumaon about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Champawat, Kumaon about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Almora, Kumaon about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Nainital Kumaon about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century);Asian History of Chamoli Garhwal about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Rudraprayag Garhwal about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Uttarkashi, Garhwal about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century);Asian History of Pauri Garhwal about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Garhwal about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Dehradun Garhwal about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century); Asian History of Haridwar about Paurava Rajvansh (dynasty) of Parvatakar (6th and 7th Century).

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Ganga-Yamuna Stuti: Asian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna 

Oriental/Asian Folk Literature from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna-Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Garhwal -28 

Asian/oriental Jagar Gatha (Lyrical Prose Folk Ritual Sayings) from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Region-22

            Folk Songs/Folktales collection by late Dr. Jagdish Prasad 'Jaggu' Naudiyal 

                 Translation, Interpretation by: Bhishma Kukreti

Ganga Yamuna Rivers are reverend Rivers of India. Both the auspicious Rivers Ganga and Yamuna come from Uttarkashi.  There is a folk prayer /Folk songs for praying Ganga and Yauna in Ravain/Rawaeen region.

रवांइ,  उत्तरकाशी  गढ़वाल क्षेत्र  के  प्रचलित   लोक गीत- 28 


रवांइ,  उत्तरकाशी, रवाँइ  देहरादून  क्षेत्र से जागर या धार्मिक अनुष्ठान के लोक गीत/कथायें    -21   


 
   
(मूल -डा जगदीश 'जग्गू' नौडियाल   २०११, उत्तराखंड की सांस्कृतिक धरोहर ( रवांइ क्षेत्र के लोकसाहित्य का  सांस्कृतिक अध्ययन ), विनसर पब्लिशिंग कं. देहरादून  )

( इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति  एवं अतिरिक्त व्याखा - भीष्म कुकरेती )


गंगा जमुना स्तुति


गौमुख से आई बल गंगा माई।
यमुनोत्री से बल , यमुना जी भी आई।।
बैणी बैणी रौयी द्वी , हिमालय की गोद।
महात्यम बडो भारी , तेरी धरती लोक।।
उद्धार करी भगतू को आई मिर्तू लोक।
तेरी जात्रा औंदा बल , दुरू देशक लोक।।

Gaumukh is the source of Ganga River.
Yamunotri is the source of Yamuna River.
They came from Himalaya and sisters are these Rivers.
There is sacredness for both the Rivers in the earth.
These Rivers came to help people in the earth.
These rivers are visited by people from all over earth.
Copyright Interpretation, @ Bhishma Kukreti  26/6/2013
   References:
Dr Jagdish Prasad Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar  (Ravain Kshetra ke lok Sahitya ka Sanskritik Adhyayan
2-Sudha Chandola, Some Goddess Rituals from Non Narrative folk songs of India
Xxx         xx             
Folk Literature of Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Garhwal to be continued...29
Jagar Gatha (Lyrical Prose Folk Ritual Tales) from Ravain, Yamuna-Tons Valley, Uttarkashi, Garhwal Region to be continued...22
Xxx           xx
Notes on Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Rathi Danda Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Yamunotri Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Gangotri Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Kharsali Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Janki Chatti Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Hari ki Doon Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Gangnani Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Barkot Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Naugaon Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Purola Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Jarmola Dhar Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Mori Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Lakhamandal Dehradun ,  Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Tyuni, Dehradun, Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Anhol, Dehradun  Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna; Asian/Oriental/Indian Lyrical Folk Prayer/Folk Songs from Arakot, Uttarkashi Garhwal for Auspicious Ganga and Yamuna;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

   Asian History, Social, Cultural, Economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava

             History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 83

          (Asian Classical Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand))


                                                       By: Bhishma Kukreti

                 The Taleshwar, Kumaon inscriptions 96th-7th century) provide various important aspects of society, culture, economics and administration of this period of Uttarakhand.
                  Administration in Parvatakar Kingdom of Pauravas 
                          The chief executive officer of Parvatakar kingdom was the King.  He was called 'Parambhattarak Mahadhiraj'. The kings were supporter and protectors of four Class system of Sanatan or Hindu religion.
           The inscriptions suggest that the king must had strong characteristics as gentleman, humble, affable, energetic, strong, stable, serious, patient, bountiful etc. The King should have to help, protect the people as lord Vishnu. 
                    The Paurava kings of Uttarakhand were believer and worshipper of idols.  The kings believed that they must offer gifts as land for temples.
                         Cabinet Ministers in Parvatakar Kingdom of Pauravas 

            The following administrative heads (cabinet ministers) were there to help the king-
Amatya- mister
                Baladhyaksha- was as Army chief. Under Baladhyaksha, there were Gajshyksha/Gajpati (in charge of elephant riding soldiers), Ashwapati/Ashwarohi (in charge of Horse riding soldiers) and Jayanpati/Padatik (in charge of Infantry). 
  The Sandhivigrahkarak was for reconciliatory deeds.
Rajdauvarik- The chief was for looking after guests coming and going inside the fort.
Kotbhikarnik- The king used to live in fort and the fort in charge was Kotbhikarnik.
The king had to take from ministers before taking decision.  Other minster's title was Kumaramatya, Sarvvishaypradhan, Devdronyadhikrit, Mahasatrapati, Parivangbrahmchari – Gaugulik-parishad, Karangik, etc.

                                    Police Administration in Parvatakar Kingdom of Pauravas 

                    The internal defense and protection was kept by Dandpashik or police force.
Dandpashik or Dandvasik- The chief o police force was called Dandpashik or Dandvasik.
Other police officers were there in Paurva kingdom – Dandoparik, Kuutuk, Rajputra.

                 Fort Administration in Parvatakar Kingdom of Pauravas 

                Kotadhikaran was the supreme in charge of fort where king and his family used to reside.
Rajdauvarik used administrate coming and going of people.
Karangik used to take communication to the king.
Supkarpati was for to look after cooking and kitchen arrangement for king, king family and king's guests.
The lower cadre employees of fort were called Anujivivarg.


***Historical, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava to be continued in part 84   

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 27/06/2013
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued... Part -84
       


References:
1-Jayswal, K.P., Andhkaryugin Bharat
2-Shiv Prasad Dabra, 'Charan', 1968, Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Bhag –1 and 3
3-Rahul Sankrityayan , Garhwal
4-Dinesh Saklani, 1998, Ancient Communities of the Himalayas
7-Arun Kumar Mishra, 1992, The Trading Communities in Ancient India:
8- Indian Archeology Review, 1968-69
12-Thapliyal, K.K, 1984, Inscriptions of Maukharis, Late Guptas, Pushyabhutis and Yashovarman of Kanauj
13-Uma Prasad Thapliyal, 2005, Uttaranchal: Historical and Cultural Prospective (Page 29, about Authority of Maukharis on Uttarakhand and Haridwar) 
14-.Tripathi, R.S., History of Kanauj
15-Encyclopedia of Ancient Indian Geography Kashi-Z, Volume-2; Edited by Subodh Kapoor, 2002, page 459-460
16-Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, Doon Valley down the Ages, page 33
17-Kamboj, B.P., 2003, Early Wall Painting of Garhwal, page 20
18- Archeological Survey 1968-69 A Review, page-51
19-Annual Report on Indian Epigraphy, 1974 page -9
20-Kiran Kumar Thapliyal, Studies in Ancient Seals, 1972,
21-Tara Chand Tripathi, Preceding of Indian History Congress, 1982, Identification of Beahmpur in the Light of Taleshwar copper Grant
Xx     xx
Notes on Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava of Uttarakhand, India; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava of Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava of Uttarakhand; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava of Bageshwar, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava of Almora, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava of Nainital, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava of Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava of Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava  of Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava  of Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava  of Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava  of Tehri Garhwal Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava  Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand, India ; Asian/Oriental History, Social, Cultural, economical, Administration Aspects in Parvatakar Kingdom of Paurava of Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. 

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Kaliya Nag Jagar: Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra)

Asian Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Haridwar, Uttarkahnd-69

Asian Pauranic /Epic, Marathon, Classic, Impressive, Grand, Mahabharata Folklore, Ramayana Folklores, Folktales, Folk Stories of Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand – 5 

(The write up is dedicated to Dr. Hari Datt Bhatt 'Shailesh' his extensive works on Kumaoni-Garhwali (Asian) Folk and Modern Literature)

                                         By: Bhishma Kukreti

                        Krishna's activities are nearer to common man. Therefore Krishna influenced every society and Krishna became hero of every society. In Garhwal-Kumaon, Lord Ram is worshipped as ideal person, therefore less folk literature is created about Rama. 
               There are many folk songs, folklores, folktales and folk saying about Krishna in Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar.
   One of the religious or ritual folk songs (Jagar) about Krishna is his winning to Kaliya Nag. The story has clear local color that Krishna advised Kaliya Nag to shift from Gokul to Uttarakhand. 


              कुमाऊं, गढ़वाल ,हरिद्वार  की लोक गाथाएँ  -69     

   
          ( टिहरी सेगढवाली लोक गीत,  उत्तरकाशी से गढवाली लोक गीत, पौड़ी से गढवाली लोक गीत, चमोली -रुद्रप्रयाग से गढवाली लोक गीत, नैनीताल से कुमाउनी लोक गीत, अल्मोड़ा से कुमाउनी लोक गीत,पिथोरागढ़ -बागेश्वर से कुमाउनी लोक गीत,चम्पावत , उधम सिंह नगर से कुमाउनी लोक गीत,उत्तराखंडी लोक गीत , हिमालयी लोक गीत, हरिद्वार से लोक गीत ,मध्य हिमालयी लोक गीत , हिमालयी लोक गीत,उत्तर भारितीय लोक गीत, भारतीय लोक गीत श्रृंखला  ) 

                     कुमाऊं, गढ़वाल ,हरिद्वार  की  पौराणिक लोक गाथाएँ - 5 
   
                           

कालिया नाग संबंधी जागर गाथा

(सन्दर्भ : डा हरी दत्त भट्ट 'शैलेश', गढ़वाली भाषा और उसका साहित्य )
(इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति; भीष्म कुकरेती )



चल ग्वाल बाल भायो , तुम खेला गिंदुवा,
सोना  का गिंदुवा मेरो , विष्णु पटन मढ्यु छ।
सोना का गिंदुवा , चांदी का घुँघर।
हे प्रभु सोबन गेंदुवा तेरो हाथ नि लियेंदु।
भ्वां नि धरेंदु।
तब खेलण जांदा सब कुञ्ज वन मा,
कुञ्ज वन मा खिल्यां बार भांति फूल।
अनमन भांति की औंदे फूल की वासनी,
भौंरा छन गुंजणा , ग्वारी रूणाणी छन,
कि अनमन भाँति की केसर लेला।
सारा कुञ्ज वन मा खेल गेंदुवा।
छट छुटी गेंदुवा जमुना मा पडि गे।
वीं गैरी जमुना मा माछुने घुऴयाळे।
तब विष्णु भगीवान धै लगौंदा।
ग्वाल बाल सब ड़्यार बौड़ी ऐना,
जिया को बाळ जमुना छाल छुटिगे।
तब जिया जिया जसोमति इन बैन बोदी-
सबूका बाला घर ऐन, मेरा कृष्ण नि आयो।
जागदी रै गये सया राणी सत्यभामा।
काली नाग रैंदो तैं गैरी जमुना,
हे मेरा कृष्ण नाग डसी जालो।
कृष्ण भगीवान इन रैन बली,
गाडी दिने गेंदुवा , साधी लाइन नाग।     
                  There was a great snake Kali Nag in Kalidah tank into Yamuna. He had sixteen hundred queens. Once with his shepherd friends, Krishna was playing ball. The ball fell into Kalidah tank. Krishna jumped into Kalidah tank. His friends were afraid and ran away to village. Krishna's mother Jasoda started weeping madly.

            Krishna reached to court of Kali Nag. He played his flute. The sixteen hundred queens were attracted to beauty of Krishna.
              All snake queens advised Krishna to return back as Kali Nag was very angry snake. Krishna told the queens he would go back only after taking gold ball with silver rings. The queens informed that the ball is into s mouth of Kali Nag who was sleeping. Queen snakes advised him that Kali Nag would flow his deathly poison on him. Krishna did not listen to snake queens. He put his hand into Kali Nag mouth and got the ball out. Kali Nag awoke. The great snake started stirring his fifty two mouthed hoods. Krishna rode on snake hood. Krishna won over the great snake kali Nag. Krishna started dancing over snake hood.
                 Kaliya nag reminded Krishna that he helped his father Vasudev crossing Yamuna when Krishna was born. Kali Nag reminded Krishna that he covered child Krishna by his hood. Krishna advised Kaliya Nag to leave Gokul and shift to Uttarakhand. Krishna blessed Kaliya Nag that Kaliya Nag family would flourish in Uttarakhand and Nag would be worshipped by people there.     
 
             The villagers with Nand and Jasoda came to Yamuna bank. They saw that Krishna was dancing on snake hood. Krishna came out of tank. Everybody was pleased.   
  Kaliya nag shifted from Gokul to Uttarakhand and flourished here. He is our God. 


Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 27/06/2013
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued...70 
Pauranic /Epic, Marathon, Classic, Impressive, Grand, Mahabharata Folklore, Ramayana Folklores, Folktales, Folk Stories of Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand  to be continued...6 

   
                                  Curtsey and references

Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)
Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )
Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet  (Folk Songs and Folk dances of Garhwal )
Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)
Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)
Dr Urvi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)
Dr. Dip Chand Chaudhri, 1995, Askot ka Palvansh , Gumani Shodhkendra, Uprada, Gangalighat
Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)
Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)
Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain) 
Ramesh Matiyani 'Shailesh' 1959, Kumaun ki Lok Gathayen
Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)
Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday
Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends 
C.M. Agarwal , Golu Devta, 1992, The God of Justice of Kumaon Himalayas
N.D .Paliwal, 1987, Kumaoni Lok Geet
E.S. Oakley and Tara Datt Gairola 1935, Himalayan Folklore
M.R.Anand, 2009, Understanding the Socio Cultural experiences of Pahadi folks: Jagar Gathas of Kumaon and Garhwal
Dr. Pradeep Saklani, 2008, Ethno archeology of Yamuna Valley
Shiv Narayan Singh Bisht, 1928, Gadhu Sumyal, Banghat , Pauri Garhwal
Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti         www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm
Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women
Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhy Tatva va Vivechana
Helle Primdahi, 1994, Central Himalayan Folklore: folk Songs in Rituals of the Life Cycle
Hemant Kumar Shukla, D.R. Purohit, 2012, Theories and Practices of Hurkiya Theater in Uttarakhand, Language in India Vol.12:5: 2012 Page 143- 150
Dev Singh Pokhariya, 1996, Kumauni Jagar Kathayen aur Lokgathayen
Madan Chand Bhatt, 2002, Kumaun ki Jagar Kathayen 
Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwal ki Lok Kathayen, Alaknanda Prakashan
Bhishma Kukreti, Notes on History, Folk Literature of Haridwar
Khima Nand Sharma, Veer Balak Haru Heet, Kumauni Sahitya Sadan, Delhi, 1980.
Xx                                             xx                                             xx
टिहरी सेगढवाली लोक गीत,  उत्तरकाशी से गढवाली लोक गीत, पौड़ी से गढवाली लोक गीत, चमोली -रुद्रप्रयाग से गढवाली लोक गीत, नैनीताल से कुमाउनी लोक गीत, अल्मोड़ा से कुमाउनी लोक गीत,पिथोरागढ़ -बागेश्वर से कुमाउनी लोक गीत,चम्पावत , उधम सिंह नगर से कुमाउनी लोक गीत,उत्तराखंडी लोक गीत , हिमालयी लोक गीत, हरिद्वार से लोक गीत ,मध्य हिमालयी लोक गीत , हिमालयी लोक गीत,उत्तर भारितीय लोक गीत, भारतीय लोक गीत श्रृंखला जारी...
Xx                         xx
Notes on Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra); Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song from Kumaon, about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra); Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song from Garhwal about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra); Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song from Haridwar, about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra); Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song from Uttarakhand about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra) Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song from Central Himalaya about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra); Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song from Himalaya about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra);Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song from North India about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra); Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song from India about Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra); Asian/Oriental Ritual Folk Song from Indian subcontinent about  Krishna Winning Kaliya Nag (Cobra).