Articles By Bhisma Kukreti - श्री भीष्म कुकरेती जी के लेख

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Flora and Fauna of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 69   

Historical Aspects of Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas-11   

Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature- part -9

(This History chapter up is dedicated to great historian Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Rahul Sankrityayan, Garhwali poet Sada Nand Jakhmola, Editor of Satyapath, Lalita Prasad Naithani, Dr. Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Kunvar Singh Negi, 'Karmath', Srimati Kamla Ratnam, Banarasi Das Chaturvedi , Dr. Mayaram Uniyal  who did sound research on Kalidasa literature and Life)

                                                       By: Bhishma Kukreti

               Kalidasa describes detailed flora and fauna of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand)-Central Himalaya in his literature.

               Flora of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature


Tendril and Bunch type flowering plants- Kalidasa describes the flora of Bawar (Plains of Uttarakhand), Gandhmadan shrines. He illustrates the tendril plants and bunch flowering plants of Garhwal-Kumaon. Kalidasa demonstrates  Jasmine type of plants, night fragrant flowering plants, the creeping flower- Gaertnera racemosa, lili types of water plants (Hiptage benghalensis), lotus, white water lily, China Rose, touch me not (Bichhu buti or Kandali) in Abhigyanshakuntala, Meghdootam, Vikramorvashiyam, Raghuvansham, Kumarsambhavam.
The people used those flowers for native ornaments too.
Trees etc– Kalidasa portrays tress as Mango, Alstonia scholaris or devil tree,
              People used to perform auspicious ritual under Astonia scholaris tree.  People used to use Lebbeck  (Albizia lebbeck) flowers  as ear ornaments. Jujube berry, different berries, cut nut trees, Kadamba (Neolamarkia cadamba),Syzygium cumini (Jamun) or black plum, were found at lower altitude of Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar.
  Kalidasa states that on higher altitude, there was heaven (Mandar), wish fulfilling tree, Deodar, Thuneru, etc trees.
Kalidasa talked about Ashok, Maulshri and bamboo tress in snowy region.

             Fauna of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

Dr Dabral in Uttarakhand ka Itihas (part-3, page 317) provides details of following fauna mentioned by Kalidasa in his various works –
Different peacocks
Krishnasar birds
Various species of Deer
Pigs/bores
Bear
Elephants
Lions
Tigers
Musk deer
Peacock
Cuckoo
Swans and other water birds
Bees etc




***Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature to be continued...part -10

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 11/06/2013

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued... Part -70
Historical Aspects of -Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas to be continued...12 


Notes on Flora and Fauna of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Uttarkashi, Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Chamoli, Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Rudraprayag Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Pauri Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Tehri Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Dehradun, Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Udham Singh Nagar, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Nainital, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Almora, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Champawat, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Bageshwar, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Flora and Fauna of Pithoragarh, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

[Bhishma Kukreti]

        Radhika: Poetic Folktale about Suspecting, Murdering and Telling Lies

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Haridwar, Uttarkahnd-54

Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon (Uttarakhand) – 1 
The write up is dedicated to Dr. Trilochan Pandey who brought the hidden Folklores of Garhwal and Kumaon and analyzed them)

                                        By: Bhishma Kukreti
 

          There are poetic folk stories in Garhwal and Kumaon those are related to human relationship and human psychology. The following sad folk song in story form depicts many cultural aspects of Uttarakhand and a bitter aspect of human psychology that is to suspecting, murdering and then telling a lie. 

                कुमाऊं, गढ़वाल ,हरिद्वार  की लोक गाथाएँ  -54     
   
                    गढ़वाल , कुमाऊं ,  हरिद्वार, की मानवीय संवेदनाओं की   लोक गाथाएँ -1   
                   
                                राधिका:बहू हत्या सम्बंधी लोक गीत

(सन्दर्भ: डा. त्रिलोचन पांडे , कुमाउनी  और उसका साहित्य )

सब की छ्यौड़ि मैत अगेन,
मेरो राधिका दुखि  छ कि सुखी।
भोल ऐ गेर हरियाली त्यार
राधिका बौज्यू राधिका बोलै दे।
राधिका इजू घाल लगड़
पैली को पुआ नील है गे छ।
मेरो राधिका दुखि  छ कि सुखी,
सल्लक रूख बासी छ कावा।
बरस दिन भेंट है रे छ,
बस समदी छक तमाकू।
जब बतोले मेरी राधिका,
तब छकौल तेर तमाकू।
टी राधिका घास जा रे छ,
बस समदी छक तमाकू।
सब घास ली बेर घर ऐ गेन,
मेरी राधिका कथ गे हुनली .
बाड़ा धनियाँ धनियाँ बोठ,
बोजि को खोड़ा कुट्यालि को चोट।
पापी नै इजु बोजि कै मारो,
खाजा कुटरी मैल बुकायो।
घिया कुमाइ मैल लुकाई,
पापीनै इजु बौजी कें मारी।
साग लगो छ घुम्म करेली,
दादु जै रौ छ तल्ली बरेली।


             The Chait month (13th March to 14th April) is the month gifting something to married daughters, family drum players (Auji), family dramatists (Badi/Hudkya).
Father of Radhika is worried that all other daughters of village came to their mother's house from in law's house and Radhika did not come to 'Mayka' (mother's house) from in law village. They are unaware whether Radhika is in distress or joyful. Tomorrow is Hariyali festival. Radhika's mother sent her husband to take Radhika from her in law village.
          Radhika's mother prepares various eating articles. She cooks 'Puris' those became blue. She was worried as it was inauspicious sign.
         Radhika's father went to Radhika's in law village with gifts.
There, Radhika's father asked to Radhika's father in law," Where is Radhika? It is many months that he will meet his daughter Radhika."
       Radhika's father in law states that she had gone for grass in the forest and would come very soon. Radhika's father in law offers Hukka to Radhika's father. Radhika's father effused to smoke or anything till he sees his daughter.
  All the village women came back from forest with grass. Radhika was nowhere. Radhika's father became suspicious.
  Radhika's sister in law (husband's sister) told the secrete that my mother suspected extra that Radhika did black magic to her husband and now Radhika's husband is under total control of Radhika.. Her mother in law killed her daughter in law Radhika. Radhika's mother in law hid dead of Radhika in cowshed.
  Radhika's father became sad and started weeping loudly. Radhika's father threw all gifts for Radhika into descending hill side. Knowing the murder of her daughter, Radhika's mother started weeping loudly.



Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 11/06/2013
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued...55 
Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, , Human values,  interpersonal bond  from Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon (Uttarakhand) – 2 
   
                                  Curtsey and references

Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)
Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )
Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet  (Folk Songs and Folk dances of Garhwal )
Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)
Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)
Dr Urvi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)
Dr. Dip Chand Chaudhri, 1995, Askot ka Palvansh , Gumani Shodhkendra, Uprada, Gangalighat
Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)
Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)
Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain) 
Ramesh Matiyani 'Shailesh' 1959, Kumaun ki Lok Gathayen
Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)
Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday
Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends 
C.M. Agarwal , Golu Devta, 1992, The God of Justice of Kumaon Himalayas
N.D .Paliwal, 1987, Kumaoni Lok Geet
E.S. Oakley and Tara Datt Gairola 1935, Himalayan Folklore
M.R.Anand, 2009, Understanding the Socio Cultural experiences of Pahadi folks: Jagar Gathas of Kumaon and Garhwal
Dr. Pradeep Saklani, 2008, Ethno archeology of Yamuna Valley
Shiv Narayan Singh Bisht, 1928, Gadhu Sumyal, Banghat , Pauri Garhwal
Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti         www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm
Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women
Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhy Tatva va Vivechana
Helle Primdahi, 1994, Central Himalayan Folklore: folk Songs in Rituals of the Life Cycle
Hemant Kumar Shukla, D.R. Purohit, 2012, Theories and Practices of Hurkiya Theater in Uttarakhand, Language in India Vol.12:5: 2012 Page 143- 150
Dev Singh Pokhariya, 1996, Kumauni Jagar Kathayen aur Lokgathayen
Madan Chand Bhatt, 2002, Kumaun ki Jagar Kathayen 
Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwal ki Lok Kathayen, Alaknanda Prakashan
Bhishma Kukreti, Notes on History, Folk Literature of Haridwar

Notes on Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from Haridwar (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from  Pithoragarh (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from  Champawat (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from Bageshwar  (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from  Almora (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from  Nainital (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from  Udham Singh Nagar (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from Uttarkashi  (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from Tehri Garhwal  (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from  Chamoli Garhwal (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from  Rudraprayag Garhwal (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from  Pauri Garhwal (Uttarakhand); Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values  interpersonal bond  from  Dehradun Garhwal (Uttarakhand)  to be continued...           

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Gudaru Bir: Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu

Folk Literature of Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna-Tons Valley Region, Garhwal -16

Jagar Gatha (Prose Folk Ritual Sayings) from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley, Garhwal Region-9

            Song collection by late Dr. Jagdish Prasad 'Jaggu' Naudiyal 

                 Translation, Interpretation by: Bhishma Kukreti

  In Ravain region of Uttarkashi, Garhwal, Uttarakhand; there are four Masu deities. Every Masu deity has his own subordinating brave man.
          Gudaru Bir is the private brave man of Pavasu Masu deity.


         रवांइ गढ़वाल क्षेत्र का प्रचलित   लोक गीत- 16
रवांइ क्षेत्र से जागर या धार्मिक अनुष्ठान के लोक गीत/कथायें    -9 
 
   
(मूल -डा जगदीश 'जग्गू' नौडियाल)
( इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति  एवं अतिरिक्त व्याखा - भीष्म कुकरेती )

गुडारु बीर

गुडारु बीर जाई तेरी।
तू पवासी को बीर जाई तेरी।
चिड़गाई  न करी बीर जाई तेरी।
गुडारु बीर जाई तेरी।
तेरी पूजा यो रौ यो धूप।
गुडारु बीर जाई तेरी।
उग्र रूप शांत कर।
गुडारु बीर जाई तेरी।
पवासी तेरो देव बीर।
गुडारु बीर जाई तेरी।
Cheers to Gudaru brave man of Pavasu Masu deity.
Cheers to Gudaru! You are brave man of Pavasu Masu deity.
Cheers to Gudaru! O deity brave man! Please don't be angry! 
This is worshipping gifts for you.
This is 'Dhup' for you.
Cheers to Gudaru! Please be calm and don't agitate.
Cheers to Gudaru brave man of Pavasu Masu deity!



Copyright for interpretation @ Bhishma Kukreti 11/6/2013

     References:
Dr Jagdish Prasad Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar  (Ravain Kshetra ke lok sahitya kaa Sanskritik Adhyayan
Folk Literature of Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley Region, Garhwal to be continued...17
Jagar Gatha (Prose Folk Ritual Tales) from Ravain, Yamuna-Tons Valley, Garhwal Region to be continued...10


Notes on Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Radhi-Danda, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Yamunotri ,Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Kharsali, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Janki Chatti, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Ful Chatti,  Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Hanuman Chatti, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Gangnani, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Barkot, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Naugaon, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Lakhamandal, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Purola, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Jarmola Dhar , Ringali danda, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Mori, Tiyuni,  Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Naitwad, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi; Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Pavasi Masu from Anhol, Ravain/Rawaeen, Uttarkashi to be continued...

[Bhishma Kukreti]

गढ़वाली हास्य -व्यंग्य
सौज सौज मा मजाक मसखरी
  हौंस,चबोड़,चखन्यौ   
  सौज सौज मा गंभीर चर्चा ,छ्वीं 

                                  हैंड  बैगोलौजी याने बटुवा  विज्ञान

                      चबोड़्या - चखन्यौर्या: भीष्म कुकरेती
(s = आधी अ )

   जब तलक बजार मा पर्स नि ऐ छया तब तलक कुटरी , खीसा , छवटि -म्वटि थैलि पर्स को काम करदा छा। अब पर्स याने बटुवा आण से दुनिया मा सन चालीस से विज्ञान की एक नयी  शाखा बि  ऐ गे जै तैं बैगोलौजी  बुल्दन। बैगोलौजी मने विज्ञान की वा शाखा जो पर्स , खासकर जनान्युं पर्स सम्बन्धी विज्ञान अर मोनोविग्यान को अध्ययन।
                        अचकाल जनान्युं परसौ दगड़  बजार मा हैंड बैगोलौजी की   छवटि  छवटि किताब बि  मिलदन।
             अजकाल जनान्युं पर्स निर्माता त करोड़ो रुपया बैगौलौजी पर खर्च करदन।
               जनानी भैर जांद दै पर्स किलै लिजांदी इख पर भौत काम हुंयुं च।
                   जीव विज्ञान को हिसाब से जनानि पृथ्वी रूप च अर जब जनानी भैर पार्टी मा जान्दि तो अपण लघु पृथ्वी दगड़ लिजाण नि बिसरदि।
                 कुछ बुल्दन बल जनानी जीव विज्ञान को हिसाब से 'जीन केरियर' (क्रोमोजोम लिजाण वळ) च तो पर्स या हैंडबैग जन केरियर लिजाण एक मूलभूत जनानी  लक्षण च। मै लगद लाटों छ्वीं होलि!  हैं ?
अछा! कति  चकडैत मर्द बुलदन बल चूँकि जनानी नि चांदन कि वा अपण बच्चा या समान खुकलि मा उठावो त वा बड़ो पर्स उठांदि अर झक मारिक पतिदेव तैं बच्चा या समान उठाण पोड़द। पण यो तो चकडैतुं चकचक च।
                 कथगा बुलदन बल जनानी पर्स इलै लिजांदी कि जनान्यु तै दिखाणो रोग च अर अगर जब जनानी बुड्याण बिसे जांदी तो आकर्षक हैंड बैग लिजाण मिसे जांद जां से कि मरदों समणि  वींको आकर्षण कम नि ह्वावो। पण जख तलक मेरो ज्ञानौ  सवाल च बल आकर्षण जनानी मा नि होंद किलै कि कै जनानी पर आकर्षित होण तो मर्द की आंख्युं काम च। तबि त ग्वारो चिट्टू मजनू काळि लैला पर आकर्षित ह्वे छौ।
              कुछ वैज्ञानिकों बुलण च बल हैंड बैग या पर्स औकात दिखाणो एक ख़ास माध्यम च। इखमा मि सहमत छौं किलैकि गढ़वाळि मा कहावत बि छन बल भितर नि आलण अर भैर नचणि बादण! या रुस्वड़ मा लूण-बाड़ी खावो अर चौक मा भातौ टींड दिखैक कुकुर जोर जोर से भट्यावो।
            कुछ अन्वेषक बुल्दन बल कथगा जनानी हैंड बैग इलै लिजांदन बल लोग वूं तैं सचमुच मा जनानी मानन, किलैकि लेडीज पर्स जनानी हूणो पक्की निसाणी च । मि असहमत छौं। ह्वे सकुद च भैर देशों मा जनान्यूँ  अर मर्दुं कपड़ो अर कट्याँ  बाळु  मा फरक नि होंद त बिचारि जनान्युं तैं पर्स से सिद्ध करण पोड़द कि वो जनानी छन या जननी छन। हमर इख अबि इथगा बुरि हालत नि ह्वै कि कपड़ा या कट्याँ  बाळु से मरद अर जनान्यु मा भेद नि ह्वे सको।
           कुछ साइंटिस्ट बुल्दन बल पर्स या हैंडबैग अपण असली चरित्र दिखाणो एक जरिया च अर पर्स या हैंडबैग का रंग, आकार, मोटाई आदि से हम पर्स धारक को चरित्र जाणि सकदवां। पण मि ईं वैज्ञानिक सोच से कतै बि सहमत नि छौं। हम हर बकत, हर क्षण अपण असली चरित्र ढकण माँ हि लग्याँ रौंदवाँ, अपण चरित्र तै लुकाण -छुपाणो बान बनि बनिक स्वांग -ढोंग -ढंट करणा रौंदां; अपण चरित्र छुपाणो बान हम अपण सरा जिंदगी ख़तम करी दींदा तो  फिर इन कनकै ह्वै सकुद कि जनानी अपण असली चरित्र या लक्षण दिखाणो बान हैण्ड बैग खरीदो।
   एक वैज्ञानिक सिद्धांत च बल चूँकि जनानी भविष्य  का प्रति मर्दों से भौति जादा सचेत हूंदी तो जनानी पर्स लिजांदी . या बात जादा तर्क संगत च। मर्द असल मा लबाड़ जाति जानवर ही च। जब कि जनानी भविष्योन्मुखी होंद तो वा अपण हैंडबैग मा भविष्य की सबि कामै चीज धरदी जन कि आंखुं सुरमा-मंजन, मेक अप का समान, कंघी -ऐना , पिन -आलपिन-हियरपिन-स्यूण-धाग, बटण -सटण, चकु, चिमटी, चाबी , चाबी -गुच्छा , गहना, कैमरा , सेल फोन , नेलकटर,टूथपिक्स, दवै-दारु, थर्मामीटर , बनि बनिक कार्ड -कागजात, चेकबुक, पेन -पेन्सिल, खाणो समान, रक्षा को कुछ समान, सिलाई कढ़ाइ को समान,  टिस्यू पेपर , आदि , आदि . इतिहास बथांदो बल पैल प्रेम पत्र बि हैंड बैग मा होंदा छा पण अब प्रेम पत्र नि लिखे जांदन अब त एसऐमऐस या नेट चैटिंग काफी च। 

    हाँ एक बात सच च आज जनानी बगैर हैंडबैग को इनि दिख्यान्दि जन बुल्यां बगैर  सींगौ को बल्द, बगैर कळगी को मुर्गा. 
जनान्युं हैण्ड बैग खोया -पाया विभाग को एक कार्यालय बि च कथगा दें जब बिंदी जरूरत ह्वावो तो हर बार मुर्खल मिल्दन अर जब मुर्खलूँ आवश्यकता ह्वावो तो हर्च्यां  आलपिन मिल जांदन अर जब सरदर्द की गोळि जरुरत ह्वावो तो कुछ  ख़ास कामौ गोळि मिल्दन ना कि सरदर्द की गोळि ।
या बात बि सच ही होलि कि जन जन जनान्युं उम्र बढ़द जांद तन तन हैंडबैग को आकार बि बढ़न्द जांद।
अर क्या क्वी जनानी बथालि कि मर्दों तैं जनान्युं पर्स भितर किलै नि दिखण चयेंद ?
   



Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  12/06/2013   
(यह लेख सर्वथा काल्पनिक है )

[Bhishma Kukreti]

 Inhabitants and Towns/Villages of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 70   

Historical Aspects of Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas-12   

Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature- part -10

(This History chapter up is dedicated to great historian Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Rahul Sankrityayan, Garhwali poet Sada Nand Jakhmola, Editor of Satyapath, Lalita Prasad Naithani, Dr. Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Kunvar Singh Negi, 'Karmath', Srimati Kamla Ratnam, Banarasi Das Chaturvedi , Dr. Mayaram Uniyal  who did sound research on Kalidasa literature and Life)

                                                       By: Bhishma Kukreti

                  Inhabitants/ Occupants of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

   Kalidasa describes following inhabitants of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in his various works.

Kinnar and Kirat- the Himalayan capital Aushdhiprashtha was situated at bank of Ganga. There were Yaksha and Kimpurush (Kinnar).  The Kinnar women were very beautiful. Kirat and Kinnar were occupants of Bhagirathi valley.
Kinnar women were famous for their music instrument playing and singing expertise.

Utsav Sanket- Along with Kinnar- Kirat communities, there was another small community Utsav –Sanket community in Ganga Valley. Kinnar-Kirat did not have cordial relations with each other. 

Yaksha- Yaksha used to live near in and nearby territory of Alkapuri and Kailas (near today's Badrinath or Alaknanda valley). Many historians suggest Yaksha were Khasa of Mahabharata. However, Kalidasa describes Yaksha as prosperous community that does not tally with economic conditions of Khasa of that time.

Other minority communities- Apsarayen, Vidyadhar, Siddh, sages, Brahmachair were other minority communities.

  Urbanization, Civilization, Populations, Habits and Habitats of Occupants of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

       Kalidasa described many dwellings of Himalayan region in his works.

Alka- Alkapuri was at foothills of Kailas. There were multistoried buildings. There were gardens. The dressings of occupants were exotic and excited.  The people were music lovers. The life was happy there.

Aushadhiprashtha- Aushadhiprashtha was capital of Himalaya. The city was more prosperous than Alkapuri.  Kinnar and Kirats were the occupants of Aushadhiprashtha. The poet states that elephants and horses were there.
  There were pubs in Aushadhiprashtha. Entertainment was the aim of life of people.
The nearby forest had such grass that the forest used to shine by those plants in night. This seems to be imagery place.

Kankhal- Kankhal was in Gangadwar (today's Haridwar). Kalidasa states that it was capital of Dakshraj (father of Parvati). Ganga descends from Kankhal into plains.

Kanvashram-   Sage Kanva had his own Ashram.  Kanvashram was at foot hills of Himalaya at Malini River bank. There were students in Kanvashram.

Charanyas- This Ashram was near Ganga source.

Vashisthashram- The Vashisthashram was situated at Ganga bank in hills. Historians suggest the Ashram was near Lakshmanjhula.

Shakravatar- Shakravatar was village of Dhiwars.

Hemkut –Hemkut was at foothills and just above in Himalaya.


***Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature to be continued...part -11

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 11/06/2013

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued... Part -71
Historical Aspects of -Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas to be continued...13 

Notes on History of Uttarakhand; History of Haridwar, Uttarakhand; History of Dehradun, Garhwal, Uttarakhand; History of Uttarkashi, Garhwal, Uttarakhand; History of Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; History of Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand; History of Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; History of Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand; History of Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of Pithoragarh, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of Champawat, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of Almora, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of Udham Singh Nagar, Kumaon, Uttarakhand to be continued...               

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Sadei: Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother


Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Haridwar, Uttarkahnd-55

Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, Human values, Human Sacrifices, interpersonal bond from Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon (Uttarakhand) – 2 
The write up is dedicated to late Tara Datt Gairola who first time brought the hidden Folklores of Garhwal and Kumaon and analyzed them in 'Himalayan Folklores')

                                        By: Bhishma Kukreti

  Tara Datt Gairola was first Garhwali who collected and edited folk songs of Garhwal and Kumaon with Oakley.
Sadei a folk song is very long poetry published in book form by Tara Datt Gairola. The folk story is about a woman's unique sacrifice for her brother's life.
The following a couple poetry lines are about wish of a married woman to have brothers in her Mayka. However, the story is long.


            कुमाऊं, गढ़वाल ,हरिद्वार  की लोक गाथाएँ  -55       
                 गढ़वाल , कुमाऊं ,  हरिद्वार, की मानवीय संवेदनाओं की  लोक गाथाएँ -2   
                            सदेई : एक असाधरण त्याग गाथा

         (सन्दर्भ:तारा दत्त गैरोला , सदेई, खंड काव्य )

हे ऊँचि डांड्यों तुम नीसि जावा,
घणी  कुळायुं तुम छाँटि होवा।
मैकू लगीं छ खुद मैतुड़ा की,
बाबा जी को देश देखण देवा।।
मैत कि मेरि तुत पौन प्यारी,
सुणौ तू रैबार माँ को मेरी।
गाड गदन्यु व हिलांस कफू,
मैत का तुम मेरा गीत गावा।
बारा ऋतू बौड़लि बार मास,
आली -जाली जनु दाई फेरो।
आई नि आई निरभाग मैक,
क्वी बि नि आई ऋतुमेरि दांक।
बसंत मैना सबका त भाइ,
भेंटण आला बैण्यु को अपणा।
दीदी भुली मीलिक गीत गाली,
गळा लगाली खुद बिसराली।  ....

          When Sadei was very young she was married to far village Thati Kathud. Sadei could not watch her mother's land as in between there were mountains and dense pine forest. She did not have brother. Therefore, no body used to visit her from her parents. Sadei used to wish that she would have brother who would call her to Mayaka. Sadei had two sons.
   She prayed before her family goddess Jhali-Mali. Sadei promised a gift to goddess after she had brother. Goddess blessed her.
  After some time, she came to know that her mother delivered a male child (her brother). He was named as Sadeu.
When Saeu became young his brother told him that he has a sister married to far village. One day, Sadeu saw dream that his sister was weeping under a tree and was calling 'brother! Brother!
Next day, he goes to his sister in law village.
Sadei saw her brother and became happy. Her sons also were pleased seeing their maternal uncle.
  As per promise to goddess, Sadei performed a Yagya (ritual). Now, time came for sacrifice, there was Akashvani (call from sky) that goddess does not want animal sacrifice. Sadei became ready to sacrifice herself instead of animal life. There was Akashvani that goddess does not take female life for sacrifice. Akashvani suggested for her sons sacrifice for goddess.
  Sadei became unconscious for time being. However, after some moments, she became ready to offer her sons life.
  She undressed her sons, her sons asked about their undressing by her, She replied them they would take bath. She offered them bath. Sadei beheaded her sons by sword. She took head inside room and came beheaded bodies of her sons at alter place. Again there was Akashvani that offer means heads and not bodies. Sadei goes to room and found that her sons were alive.



Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 12/06/2013
Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued...56 
Folklore, Folktales, Folk Ballads, Folk Stories of Human Behavior, Human Relationship, Human Psychology, Human Sensitivity, , Human values, Human Sacrifices,  interpersonal bond  from Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon (Uttarakhand) – 3 
   
                                  Curtsey and references

Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)
Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )
Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet  (Folk Songs and Folk dances of Garhwal )
Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)
Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)
Dr Urvi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)
Dr. Dip Chand Chaudhri, 1995, Askot ka Palvansh , Gumani Shodhkendra, Uprada, Gangalighat
Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)
Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)
Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain) 
Ramesh Matiyani 'Shailesh' 1959, Kumaun ki Lok Gathayen
Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)
Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday
Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends 
C.M. Agarwal , Golu Devta, 1992, The God of Justice of Kumaon Himalayas
N.D .Paliwal, 1987, Kumaoni Lok Geet
E.S. Oakley and Tara Datt Gairola 1935, Himalayan Folklore
M.R.Anand, 2009, Understanding the Socio Cultural experiences of Pahadi folks: Jagar Gathas of Kumaon and Garhwal
Dr. Pradeep Saklani, 2008, Ethno archeology of Yamuna Valley
Shiv Narayan Singh Bisht, 1928, Gadhu Sumyal, Banghat , Pauri Garhwal
Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti         www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm
Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women
Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhy Tatva va Vivechana
Helle Primdahi, 1994, Central Himalayan Folklore: folk Songs in Rituals of the Life Cycle
Hemant Kumar Shukla, D.R. Purohit, 2012, Theories and Practices of Hurkiya Theater in Uttarakhand, Language in India Vol.12:5: 2012 Page 143- 150
Dev Singh Pokhariya, 1996, Kumauni Jagar Kathayen aur Lokgathayen
Madan Chand Bhatt, 2002, Kumaun ki Jagar Kathayen 
Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwal ki Lok Kathayen, Alaknanda Prakashan
Bhishma Kukreti, Notes on History, Folk Literature of Haridwar



Notes on Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Garhwal-Kumaon-Haridwar; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Chamoli Garhwal; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Rudraprayag, Garhwal; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Uttarkashi Garhwal; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Pauri Garhwal; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Dehradun Garhwal; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Pithoragarh, Kumaon; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Kumaon; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Champawat, Kumaon; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Bageshwar, Kumaon; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Nainital, Kumaon; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Almora,  Kumaon; Poetic Folktale about Unique Sacrifice by a Sister for Her Brother from Udham Singh Nagar, Kumaon...

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Kapla Veer: Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu

Folk Literature of Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna-Tons Valley Region, Garhwal -17

Jagar Gatha (Prose Folk Ritual Sayings) from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley, Garhwal Region-10

            Song collection by late Dr. Jagdish Prasad 'Jaggu' Naudiyal 

                 Translation, Interpretation by: Bhishma Kukreti

Kaplaveer is private brave man of Vasik Masu deity. Kapla Veer is energetic and serious brave man of deity. If Kapla Veer is annoyed with somebody, he harms the said person. There are temples of deity brave men in villages of Ravain region of Uttarkashi. The following is folk saying from Ravain region.


           रवांइ गढ़वाल क्षेत्र का प्रचलित   लोक गीत- 17

रवांइ क्षेत्र से जागर या धार्मिक अनुष्ठान के लोक गीत/कथायें    -10 
 
   
               (मूल -डा जगदीश 'जग्गू' नौडियाल)
( इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति  एवं अतिरिक्त व्याखा - भीष्म कुकरेती )


                             कपलावीर 

एक न कपला वीर मं जैकार (फटकार) मारी को कि थाई एक बरस लौ ठीक ठीक रौ फिर एक बरस का बाद वेका घर मा भारी कष्ट ऐ रौ , ताही स्वैण नै रै परलोक। लाड़ीक को टुटी मरी बौगुड़ो,और क्यारी नस्यु पगार। बाकी बोल पड़ी। कपलौ दोष रौ। उपाय कौर। वाही उपाय कौरि भेंट चढै पूजा दे तब ह्वै रै शांत।
        Once, Kapla Veer became annoyed on a person. Kapla Veer cursed the person. Nothing happened for a year but second year, there was bad news for him. His wife died. The fertile field became rough field. The future teller told to pray Kapla Veer. He performed ritual for worshipping Kapla Veer. He offered gifts to Kapla Veer. Kapla veer was pleased. Everything became alright.

Copyright for interpretation @ Bhishma Kukreti 12/6/2013

     References:
Dr Jagdish Prasad Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar  (Ravain Kshetra ke lok sahitya kaa Sanskritik Adhyayan
Folk Literature of Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna -Tons Valley Region, Garhwal to be continued...18
Jagar Gatha (Prose Folk Ritual Tales) from Ravain, Yamuna-Tons Valley, Garhwal Region to be continued...11
Notes on Religious Folklore about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Radhi Danda, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Yamunotri, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Kharsali, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Gangani, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Janki Chatti, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Hanuman Chatti, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Badkot, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Naugaon, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Purola, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Jarmola Dhar, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Mori, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Naitwad, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Har ki Dun, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Anhol,Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Tyuni, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu; Religious Folklore from Arakot, Uttarkashi about the Chief Subordinating Brave Man of Folk Deity Vasik Masu. 

[Bhishma Kukreti]

गढ़वाली हास्य -व्यंग्य
सौज सौज मा मजाक मसखरी
  हौंस,चबोड़,चखन्यौ   
  सौज सौज मा गंभीर चर्चा ,छ्वीं 

                                  समय दगड़ मुखाभेंट (इंटरव्यू)


                    चबोड़्या - चखन्यौर्या: भीष्म कुकरेती
(s = आधी अ )

ब्याळि मीम समय काटणो कुछ नि छौ।
त मि खालि छौ। गाँ मा हूंद त बाछीs कांध मलासदो तो मि  मुंबई मा माख मारणु छौ। पण फिर बि समय छौ कि कट्याणु नि छौ। अब जब कुछ नि छौ त मीन स्वाच चलो जरा समयौ दगड़ ही छवीं बथा लगाये जावो।
मि - समय जी!  समय जी! तुम इथगा बड़ा आदिम छं वाँ तो कुछ समय च कि मेरे साथ आप कुछ समय गंवा सको।
समय - समय बर्बाद करण से  म्यार त कुछ नि बिगड़ल पण तेरो ही नुक्सान होलु। 
मि -अच्छा एक बात बथावो हमम  त अफु तैं बिजाळणो बान अलार्म घड़ी छन तुम कनकै बिजदां? 
समय - घड़ी जरुरत मि तैं नि पड़दि। मरणशील लोगुं तैं घड़ी आवश्यकता होंदी। मि त अपण गति से सदा हि चलणु रौंद .
मि - ऋषि मुनियों बुलण छौ बल समय क्षण भंगुर च याने समय ख़तम  हूंद जांदो। पण तुम  बुलणा छंवां कि तुम अमर छंवां
समय - हाँ एक तरां से मि अमर बि छौं अर मरणशील बि छौं। जादातर लोग समय बरबाद करण मा लग्याँ रौंदन। कुछ तो हाउ टु किल टाइम का वास्ता हर बगत कार्यरत हूंदन।  पण मि छौं कि चलणु ही रौंद।
मि - ओहो ! त इन मा त तुम तै बड़ी तकलीफ होंदी होलि? आप तैं हर समय ब्रह्मांड  को इथगा काम समय पर ही पूरो करण पोड़द होलु हैं? इथगा काम करण मा तुम तैं  थक नि लगदी?" सरा ब्रह्मांड को समय पर ही काम हो" जन  काम से बड़ी औसन्द आंदी होलि हैं?
समय - मि कुछ नि करूद काम तो तुम या ब्रह्मांड का नक्षत्र करदन। मि त खालि एक जगा मा स्थिर रैक ही सरा ब्रहमांडौ  चक्कर लगांदु।
मि -समय जी समय जी ! बार बार एकी काम तै लाखों बार बारम्बार इकसनी रूप से करण मा तुम तैं बड़ी बोरियत हूंदी होलि हैं?
समय - क्षमा कर्याँ  ! आज तलक ये ब्रह्मांड मा क्वी चीज बारम्बार इकसनी ढंग से  नि ह्वे। समय कबि बि दुबारो नि आंदो, जु क्षण बीति स्यु क्षण बीति गे। हर क्षण, हर दिन, हर महीना , हर बरस नया ही होंदु जन कि तुमारा हिंदी सीरियलों एपिसोड हर दिन नया ही होंदन।
मि - वाह ! तो फिर तुम नया संबत्सर याने न्यू यिअर मनाणो  तयारी करणा होल्या हैं?
समय - हा! हा ! असलम हर दिन तो  नया साल ही होंद पण तुम मनुष्योंन अपण अपण राजा, धर्म , संगठन तैं महत्व दीणो बान कुछ ख़ास दिनों तैं नया साल को नाम दे द्यायि।
मि -समय जी समय जी ! तुम कब पद निवृत याने रिटायर हवेल्या?
समय - हा ! हा ! मीन कबि कबि बि पद निवृत याने रिटायर नि होण।
मि -ओ त तुम बि भारतीय नेताओं तरां पद निवृति या रिटायर हूण मा विश्वास नि करदा? जन अचकाल लाल कृष्ण अडवाणी छन बल जब तलक सांस रालि वो प्रधान मंत्री की दौड़ मा शामिल राला। या जन अपणा करूणानिधि छन कि अफु त जगा बिटेन नि उठि सकदन पण सरा तामिल नाडू का भार जनक्याणो तयार छन। 
समय - नै नै मि सत्ता बान पद निवृत या रिटायर नि हूण चांदो बलकणम मेरि समस्या या च कि अबि मेरो जनम ही नि ह्वे तो पद निवृत या रिटायर कनकै ह्वे सकुद?
मि -अछा जाणि दयावो यी दार्शनिक फलसफा तैं! इन बथावदि कि तुमन कबि कै से प्रेम बि कार?
समय - हाँ ! मीन प्रकृति दगड़ प्रेम करणो भरसक कोशिस कार पण वा च कि . ..
मि -क्या ?
समय - प्रकृति बि नि समजदी कि समय अग्वाड़ि हि बढ़द ना कि पैथर पण वा च कि मि तैं फेल करण मा लगीं रौंद  अर मी (समय ) तै रुकणि रौंद।  अब देख ना वा बरसातौ बगत सुखा करि दींदी , गर्म्युं बगत बाढ़ लै यान्दि।
मि - अछा समय जी ! तुम तै क्वा चीज या बात मा मजा आंदो?
समय - जब लोग बुल्दन बल मि तैं यु काम करण छौ पण मीम बगत ही नी च तो हौंसन म्यार फगस फटी जांदन । या जब लोग बुलदन बल आज ना मि ये काम तै भोळ अवश्य करलु तो मी तैं असीम आनन्द की अनुभूति होंदी । लोगुं बगत नी च या भोळ करुल की बातों से मी तैं बहुत आनन्द आंदो।
मि -ये मेरी ब्वे ! समय जी जरा बथावदि कि क्या टैम ह्वे होलु?
समय - हा ! हा ! तुम मनिखोंन मि तैं नापणों बान -बालू युन्त्र, जल यंत्र, सूर्य यंत्र , घड़ी अर अब नैनो सेकंड यंत्र इजाद कार। पण मेखुण क्या ? तब ,अब अर फिर तब या कब से मै पर क्वी फर्क नि पड़दो।
मि - अच्छा आखिरी सवाल। आप म्यार पाठकों वास्ता कुछ अपण विचार दीण चैल्या?
समय - हाँ मि छूटि पर घुमणो  जाण चाणो छौं पर समय की कमि वजह से मि तैं छूटि नि मिलणी च। जरा क्वी मि तैं समय की बचत कनै करे जावो पर नया विचार बतालु त मि वै मनिखौ अहसानमंद रौलु।
मि -छूटि पर याद आयि कि ..
समय - सौरी ! अब मीम एक सेकंड को बि समय नी च। मीन अबि टाइम्स ऑफ इंडिया , यूएसए टाइम्स, टोकियो टाइम्स, लन्दन टाइम्स को सम्पादकों तै इंटरव्यू दीणो जाण अर सबि जगह एकी विषय च।
मि -क्या ?
समय - समय कनै काटे जावो।



Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  13/06/2013   
(यह लेख सर्वथा काल्पनिक है )

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Life and Life Style in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 71   

Historical Aspects of Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas-13   

Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature- part -11

(This History chapter up is dedicated to great historian Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Rahul Sankrityayan, Garhwali poet Sada Nand Jakhmola, Editor of Satyapath, Lalita Prasad Naithani, Dr. Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Kunvar Singh Negi, 'Karmath', Srimati Kamla Ratnam, Banarasi Das Chaturvedi , Dr. Mayaram Uniyal  who did sound research on Kalidasa literature and Life)

                                                       By: Bhishma Kukreti

                 Kalidasa less mentioned about the common society of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in his Literature. However, Kalidasa paid more attention on Ashrams of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in his Literature.

           Population of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

             Kalidasa describes that there were hundreds of sages, teachers, learned men, students in Kanvashram (Meghdootam). Kalidasa did not mention about numbers in other Ashrams.  It is clear that there were villages around Ashrams as sages, teachers, learned men and students needed food and other necessary articles those would come from villages only. That shows that plains of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in his Literature were densely populated.
  The huts of plains of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) were made by mud and grass. The houses in hills of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) were built by stones, mud and wood. There was custom of domestication of animals. Gardens and kitchen gardens near house was common factor in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Age.

Dressing and Ornaments in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

              Kalidas describes the ornaments of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in his literature. The major ornaments were made by grass, plants, leaves, stems and flowers.
          The rich men used to have metal ornaments too. The rich women used to do fine make up. There were various kinds of paste, perfume and herbal products available for makeup.
         The common men had simple dresses and rich men had costly dresses. The common men and students used to put on clothing of tree bark or other plant materials. Uses of fibrous plants for dress material were common among all Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) at Kalidasa time.
            Kalidasa describes wooden, mud and metal vessels in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in his literature.

               Language of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature


There were two types of languages in society. The elite specially sages, students and kings used to speak in Sanskrit. The common men had their own local language (Prakrit). However, both the classes understood each other's languages.
There were following main local languages in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand).
Khas language -Shakuntala's community used to speak Khas language.
Kinnari language- Perhaps this was Kinnari language of north Garhwal.
Kirati language- The language seems to be same as Kinnari language Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) of Kalidasa Age.
Utsav Sanket language- It seems there was a dialect Utsav Sanket language spoken by minority population in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) of Kalidasa Age.
Old Tibetan Language- Certainly there were certain Tibetan dialects spoken in north Himachal, Garhwal and Kumaon at Kalidasa time.


Religious Faith of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature
        Kalidasa describes in details about religious faith of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in his literature.
   The strong caste system persisted in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) at the time of Kalidas.
         People used to believe on luck.
               The people used to perform rituals for pacifying stars. Pilgrimage was one of the medium of satisfying stars.
   The people used to believe on purity or virtuousness of water and Ganga-Jamuna water.
The society used to worship images. Idols were now common. People used to offer flowers, plants, food articles and other articles to deities. There were many images or symbols of auspiciousness as lotus, Vasu, Khsetrapal, lion etc.


Medium of Entertainment in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

        Classical and fine art was common in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Age.
        Music and dance was one of the medium of entertainment in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Age.
          Poetry creation was also common among common people in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Age.
    Toys were made by mud, wood and metal in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Age.
        Swimming was one of the medium of entertainments in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Age.
  Animal cart driving had specific purpose too.
Hunting by kings was common in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Age.
If there were battles and attacks then there was surely the war training and war based entertainment custom in Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar. 

           Family System in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

Joint family and big family system was common system.
The servants were supposed to be part of family.
Respect to elders, learned men, Guru, pundits was a social norm.
Orphans were took care by society.
Elite used to arrange for education to their daughters and sons in equal terms.
Daughters were married at young age.
Love marriage and arranged marriage were commonly respected.
Multiple wives was a common system.
The women had more social responsibilities.
Tapswee had respectful place in the society.
Many Tapswee also used to obey chastity.
Yoga was commonly performed by Tapswees.

Habits of Hill people of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature

Hill people were simple and used to believe on others.
Hill people believe in telling the truth with sweetness.
Hill people used to believe on freedom and peaceful life.
Hill people were unaware of deceiving, stabbing from back.
Hill people believe in abiding promises.
Hill people were cautious to meet cunning and extrovert people of other regions.
Hill people were unaware about deceptive diplomacy.
Hill people were simple and they believe in accepting mistakes and forgiving others.

Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature to be continued part -12...


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 13/06/2013

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued... Part -72
Historical Aspects of -Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas to be continued...14 
Major Reference- Dr.Shiv Prasad Dabral, 1968, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part – 3, pages 310-336, Veer Gatha press, Dogadda, Garhwal, India


History Aspects of- Life and Life Style in Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Kankhal, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Chamoli Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Rudraprayag, Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Uttarkashi, Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Tehri Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Pauri Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Dehradun Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Udham Singh Nagar ,Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Nainital, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Almora, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Bageshwar, Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Champawat, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature; Life and Life Style in Pithoragarh, Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature to be continued...

[Bhishma Kukreti]

गढ़वाली हास्य -व्यंग्य
सौज सौज मा मजाक मसखरी
  हौंस,चबोड़,चखन्यौ   
  सौज सौज मा गंभीर चर्चा ,छ्वीं 

                              साला ! दांत तोड़ी द्योल  हाँ ! 

                  चबोड़्या - चखन्यौर्या: भीष्म कुकरेती
(s = आधी अ )

      दांत जब खाणक खाणों जगा खाण बिसे जावो तो वै जमानो मा  बि बड़ी बेचैनी होंद छे अर आज बि जब दांत भोजन की जगा खाण बिसे जावन त ज्यू बुल्यांद कि काश दांतु तै अबि तोडि दिए जावो तो  ठीक च।
जब दांत खावो तो ज्यु बुल्यांद कि क्वी दुसमन ही ऐ जावो अर जनि बि ह्वावो दांत तोडि जावो त सेळि  पोड़ी जावो।
  अचकाल तो जगा जगा हरेक गली मा दांतुं डाक्टर छन पण एक जमानो छौ जब घुणदौ जलुड़ दीण वाळौ  द्वी पाळि  दांत नि होंद छा किलैकि वैबरि दांतु वैदगिरी डिग्री नि बंटे जांदी छे बलकणम घुणदो जलुड़ो ज्ञानी तबि अपण ज्ञान अपण नौनु या च्याल़ा तैं दींद छौ जब वैद तै यकीन ह्वे जांद छौ कि अब वैन (वैद जीन ) नि बचण। इलै इ तुमन देखि ह्वाल कि वै जमानो मा गां मा कबि बि बाब-बेटा या सासु-ब्वारि  दगडि घुणदो जलड़ नि दींदो छौ। बेटा भगवान से या ब्वारि भेमाता से प्रार्थना  करदा छा कि कब स्यु बुड्या या बुडड़ि म्वार अर डेंटिस्ट कि गद्दी ऊं तैं मील। पण घुणदौ वैद बि भगवान से मिन्नत मांगदो छौ कि मेरी उमर कम से कम सौ साल हूण चयेंद अर इन मा घुणदो जलड खुज्याण वाळ झड़नाती देखि मर्दा छा।
   अब घुणदौ क्वी खेती पाती त होंद नि छे कि वो रात विश्राम कार अर दिन मा हि दांत खावन। दांत त कबि बि रात मा बि खाण मिसे जांद छा।
  जब हम छ्वट छया तो हमर बगत पर दाँत खाणो बाद कुछ क्रमगत उपचार का नियम छा।
जनि दांत खाण बिस्यावो तो सबसे पैल उपचार होंद छौ कि दांतु बीच लूणै गारि धौर द्यावो। दांतु बीच लूणै गारि धरणै कला सबि ददि, ब्वे , बौ , बैण्यु मा सुलभ छे तो हरेक बचपन मा या जवानी मा कै ना कैक मदद से लूणै गारि धरण सीखि लींद छौ।
अब यो तो घुणद दिवता पर पर निर्भर करदो छौ कि वो लूणै गारि से संतुष्ट च कि ना। यदि घुणद लूण से मानि गे तो ठीक निथर उपचार को अगलों पायदान की तरफ बढ़े जांद छौ।
लूणै गारि यदि असफल ह्वे गे त काळि मर्च की बारी आंद छौ। यदि घुणद काळि मर्च से मानि ग्याइ त ठीक निथर उपचार की अगली सीढ़ी चढ़ण पोड़द छौ।
उपचार की अगली सीढ़ी लौंग का फूल होंद थौ। यदि लौंग का फूल बि असफल ह्वे जावो तो फिर तीन चार रस्ता समणि होंद छा।
घुणदौ जलुड़ लीणो वै मा जावो जैक द्वी पाळि  दांत नि ह्वावन।
टिमरू छाल पीसिक दांत पुटुक धरि द्यावो।
बड़ी स्यूण  लाल गरम  कारो अर उखम डामि द्यावो जखम डा (दर्द ) होणु ह्वावो।
दगड़ मा बाकी/बकि नवर मा जै बि दिवता नाम ल्यावो वै दिवता पुजणो उठाणु गाडी ल्यावो।
अब जब दिवता बि नि मानन तो फिर औपरेसन लहुलुहान ही अंतिम पर्याय बची जांदो छौ।
दांतु औपरेसन लहुलुहान एक लोमहर्षक , लोमहर्पणीय, रोमांचकारी घटना होंदी छे। एक रक्तरंजना युक्त औपरेसन दिखणो बान सरा गाँ का लोग मुक्त भाव से आंद छा।
क्षेत्र का सबसे बड़ो ढीठ कारपेन्टर या ओड जु सब्बळ से पत्थर गाडदु छू वो औपरेसन लहुलुहान का करता धर्ता होंद थौ। वो जमूरा से दांतौ दुख्यरौ दांत अधा पौण घंटा तलक दांतुं पौ खपचांदो छौ या ख्त्यान्दो छौ पण आखिरै दांत टूटी जांद छौ। दुख्यर को रूण से द्वी चार गाऊँ बच्चा छळे जांदा छा। फिर दुख्यर तैं पांच छै दिन अंध्यर दिये जांद छौ (अँधेरे कमरे में रखना )।
उन अजकाल बि ऊनि होंद खालि पेन किलर या अनेस्थेटिक दवाईयों बदौलत अब दुख्यर डा -दर्द नि चितांदो।
पण कुछ दर्द तो अबि बि दांत दींदी छन।
टीवी मा सरा  दिन भर अलग अलग टूथ पेस्टो विज्ञापन दांतुं दर्द त नि भगांदन पण सरदर्द जरुर दे जांदन कि लूण मिल्युं टूथ पेस्ट ठीक च या लौंग मिल्युं टूथ पेस्ट ठीक च ?
फिर जरा डेंटिस्ट मा जावो अर तुमर दांतो मा भयंकर दर्द होणु ह्वावो अर तब रिसेप्सिनिस्ट ब्वाल -हैपी डे सर ! तो दांतौ दर्द गुस्सा मा बदली जांद कि क्यांक हैपी डे?
हाँ एक बात च कि दांतु औपरेसन लहुलुहान अब कॉमेडी सर्कस मा जरूर बदली गे। मीन कथगा इ डेंटिस्टों औपरेसन  थियेटर देखिन त पायी कि औपरेसन  थियेटर की सीलिंग पर जोकरूं फोटो लगीं रौंदन अर यी फोटो दुख्यर तै हंसाणो कोशिस करदन या सैत च चिरड़ाणै कोशिस बि करदा होला कि साले ! पहले ही दांतों के देखभाल करता तो इस डेंटिस्ट के पास तो न आता!   
 



Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  14/06/2013   
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