Articles By Bhisma Kukreti - श्री भीष्म कुकरेती जी के लेख

Bhishma Kukreti · June 04, 2018, 09:38:18 AM

टिमुर वनीकरण

Timur Forestation for medical Tourism

(केन्द्रीय व प्रांतीय वन अधिनियम व वन जन्तु रक्षा अधिनियम परिवर्तन के उपरान्त ही सार्थक )
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सार्वजनिक औषधि पादप वनीकरण -7

Community Medical Plant Forestation -7

उत्तराखंड में मेडिकल टूरिज्म विकास विपणन ( रणनीति ) 109

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Medical Tourism Development in Uttarakhand ( Strategies ) - 109

(Tourism and Hospitality Marketing Management in Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar series--212
उत्तराखंड में पर्यटन व आतिथ्य विपणन प्रबंधन -भाग -212

लेखक : भीष्म कुकरेती (विपणन व बिक्री प्रबंधन विशेषज्ञ )

लैटिन नाम Xanthoxylum armetum
पादप वर्णन - टिमुर एक 6 मीटर ऊंचाई वाली , कंटीली झाडी है जिसके फल लाल होते हैं। टिमुर पहले उत्तराखंड में एक आवश्यक पादप था और अब भोटिया क्षेत्रों को छोड़ समाप्ति के करीब है। टिमुर गर्म घाटियों में समुद्र तल से 1000 -2100 मीटर की ऊंचाई वाले क्षेत्र में उग जाता है। टिमुर उप उष्ण कटबंधीय जंगलों में उगता है या खेतों के किनारे या खेतों में उगाया जाता है। कुमाऊं के टिमुर गढ़वाल के मुकाबले अधिक तीखे होते हैं
औषधि उपयोग -
दंत ओषधि , एंटी सेप्टिक , डाइबिटीज निरोधी , पेट पीड़ा नाशक , टॉनिक व कृमि नाश हेतु दसियों औषधि में टिमुर के तना , छाल , फूल व बीजों का प्रयोग होता है
भोटिया क्षेत्र में सूप बनाने , मसाले व चटनी हेतु उपयोग होता है। बीज मसालों में भी प्रयोग होता है

दांतुन व धार्मिक उपयोग मुख्य है

जलवायु आवश्यकता - उप उष्ण कटबंधीय जलवायु , मानसून आवश्यक है
भूमि
दुमट मिटटी या गोरक्ष , भारी मिटटी में उग आता है।

फल तोड़ने का समय - बीजों को भोटिया क्षेत्रों में अक्टूबर में एकत्रित किया जाता है। नेपाल की घाटियों में पहले हो जाता है
बीज बोन का समय - टिमुर सीधे बीज बोन , कलियों व रोपण से उगाया जाता हैं , नरसरी या सीधे बीजों को जंगल या खेतों में भी बोया जा सकता है।
टिमुर बीज मानसून में जुलाई अगस्त इ बोये जाते हैं , नरसरी में एक हेक्टेयर हेतु 3 किलो बीज काफी होते हैं किन्तु सीधे बीज बोन हेतु 30 किलो बीजों की आवश्यकता होती है। अंकुर 20 दिन के पश्चात ही उगते हैं।

रोपण समय -
तना कलियों को से जुलाई अगस्त में रोपना ठीक है।
बीजों से जब अंकुर 30 सेंटी मीटर ऊँचे हो जाय तो उन्हें ट्रांसप्लांट किया जा सकता है
खाद -
खेतों व नरसरी में गोबर खाद सबसे उत्तम खाद होती है।
सिंचाई
जब तक पौधे डमडमे न हो जायं सिंचाई की आवश्यकता पड़ती है। चूँकि उत्तराखंड में विशेषतया भोटिया क्षेत्र में बारिश , बर्फबारी होती है तो टिमुर हेतु जल मिल जाता है।
बीमारी
आमतौर पर टिमुर पर बीमारी नहीं लगती है
वयस्कता
टिमुर में फूल पांच साल में आने लगते हैं व सही वयस्कता सात साल में आती है
तने को बेचने हेतु फूल आने से पहले ही काटा जाता है। जनवरी से पहले।
उपज
एक हेक्टेयर में 6 क्विंटल सूखे बीज मिल जाते हैं

फल तोड़ने में सावधानी - फलों को तोड़ते समय सावधानी वर्तनी पड़ती है। लौंफ्याते समय घाव आदि होने से टिमुर में बीज बनने कुछ सालों तक बंद हो जाते हैं

Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti 4/6 //2018
संदर्भ

1 -भीष्म कुकरेती, 2006 -2007 , उत्तरांचल में पर्यटन विपणन परिकल्पना , शैलवाणी (150 अंकों में ) , कोटद्वार , गढ़वाल
2 - भीष्म कुकरेती , 2013 उत्तराखंड में पर्यटन व आतिथ्य विपणन प्रबंधन , इंटरनेट श्रृंखला जारी
3 - रामनाथ वैद्य ,2016 वनौषधि -शतक , सर्व सेवा संघ बनारस
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Medical Tourism History Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History of Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Tehri Garhwal , Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Haridwar , Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Almora, Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia;

Bhishma Kukreti · June 04, 2018, 12:16:24 PM

( Reference - V D Mahajan , Ancient India )

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India 2018

History of Haridwar, Bijnor, Saharanpur to be continued Part --

हरिद्वार, बिजनौर , सहारनपुर का आदिकाल से सन 1947 तक इतिहास to be continued -भाग -

Ancient History of Kankhal, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Har ki Paidi Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Jwalapur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Telpura Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Sakrauda Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Bhagwanpur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Jhabarera Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Manglaur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Laksar; Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Sultanpur, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Pathri Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Landhaur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Bahdarabad, Uttarakhand ; Haridwar; History of Narsan Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Bijnor; seohara , Bijnor History Ancient History of Nazibabad Bijnor ; Ancient History of Saharanpur; Ancient History of Nakur , Saharanpur; Ancient History of Deoband, Saharanpur; Ancient History of Badhsharbaugh , Saharanpur; Ancient Saharanpur History, Ancient Bijnor History;
कनखल , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; तेलपुरा , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; सकरौदा , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; भगवानपुर , हरिद्वार इतिहास ;रुड़की ,हरिद्वार इतिहास ; झाब्रेरा हरिद्वार इतिहास ; मंगलौर हरिद्वार इतिहास ;लक्सर हरिद्वार इतिहास ;सुल्तानपुर ,हरिद्वार इतिहास ;पाथरी , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; बहदराबाद , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; लंढौर , हरिद्वार इतिहास ;ससेवहारा बिजनौर , बिजनौर इतिहास; नगीना , बिजनौर इतिहास; नजीबाबाद , नूरपुर , बिजनौर इतिहास;सहारनपुर इतिहास; देवबंद सहारनपुर इतिहास , बेहत सहारनपुर इतिहास , नकुर सहरानपुर इतिहास Haridwar Itihas, Bijnor Itihas, Saharanpur Itihas

Bhishma Kukreti · June 05, 2018, 08:22:16 AM

गूलर /तिमला वनीकरण

Fig Forestation in Uttarakhand
(केन्द्रीय व प्रांतीय वन अधिनियम व वन जन्तु रक्षा अधिनियम परिवर्तन के उपरान्त ही सार्थक )
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सार्वजनिक औषधि पादप वनीकरण -8

Community Medical Plant Forestation -8

उत्तराखंड में मेडिकल टूरिज्म विकास विपणन ( रणनीति ) 110

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Medical Tourism Development in Uttarakhand ( Strategies ) - 110

Tourism and Hospitality Marketing Management in Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar series--213
उत्तराखंड में पर्यटन व आतिथ्य विपणन प्रबंधन -भाग 213

लेखक : भीष्म कुकरेती (विपणन व बिक्री प्रबंधन विशेषज्ञ )

लैटिन नाम Ficus racemosa
संस्कृत नाम -ब्रह्मवृक्ष
पादप वर्णन -
तिमल या गूलर वृक्ष भारत में सब जगह पाया जाता है। 6 से 10 मीटर ऊँचा व एक फुट गोल तने वाले गूलर सामान्य पेड़ माने जाते हैं। गूलर की पत्तियां चौड़ी व वेक्स लिए होते हैं। फल गोल पीले , भूरे , कत्थई रंग तक पाए जाते हैं
आर्थिक उपयोगिता
पत्ते चारे के काम आता है और दूध वृद्धिकारक है। फलों को खाया जाता है व सूखे फल मंहगे होते हैं . लकड़ी उपयोगी होती है अनुमान है कि फिग परिवार की खपत भारत में 200 -300 टन वार्षिक है।
धार्मिक उपयोग
हिन्दू व बुद्ध धर्मी दोनों पंथों में गूलर का धार्मिक उपयोग होता है कई अनुष्ठानों में उपयोग।
औषधि उपयोग
भग्न अंगों को भरने की औषधि
त्वचा चमक व रक्षा हेतु औषधि (छाल का पेस्ट)
घाव भरने की औषधि
आँख , पेट आदि में जलन के अतिरिक्त , सूजन कम करने में उपयोगी औषधि
रक्तचाप औषधि
चक्कर आने पर औषधि
स्वाद व ऊर्जा वृद्धिकारक
तीस कम करता है
प्रसूति स्त्री हेतु लाभदायी औषधि
मासिक धर्म हेतु औषधि
कफ बृद्धिकारक किन्तु पित्त दोष कम करता है।
डाइबिटीज आदि औषधि
बबासीर हेतु उपयोगी औषधि
जलवायु आवश्यकता
अत्त्याधिक शीत छोड़ सब जगह उग सकता है
भूमि
बलुई , दुम्मट , यहां तक कि पथरीली भूमि भी ठीक होती है

फल तोड़ने का समय - जून जुलाई
बीज बोन का समय - मानसून , ट्रीटमेंट किये बीज लाभदायी
रोपण का समय -मानसून
कलम से भी उगते हैं
खाद आवश्यकता - गोबर
सिंचाई आवश्यकता - सूखा प्रतिरोधी
वयस्कता समय - 6 -7 वर्ष
सही सलाह - महाराष्ट्र में जिस तरह सतारा व लातूर के पथरीली तकरीबन बंजर धरती में बौनी जाति के गूलर कलम लगाने से बंजर धरती भी उपयोगी धरती बन गयी व किसानों को आर्थिक लाभ होने लगा। उसी तरह उत्तराखंड में भी बौनी किस्मों की कलम लगाना ही श्रेयकर है . विशेष्य्ज्ञों की सलाह आवश्यक है।

Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti 5 /6 //2018
संदर्भ

1 -भीष्म कुकरेती, 2006 -2007 , उत्तरांचल में पर्यटन विपणन परिकल्पना , शैलवाणी (150 अंकों में ) , कोटद्वार , गढ़वाल
2 - भीष्म कुकरेती , 2013 उत्तराखंड में पर्यटन व आतिथ्य विपणन प्रबंधन , इंटरनेट श्रृंखला जारी
3 - रामनाथ वैद्य ,2016 वनौषधि -शतक , सर्व सेवा संघ बनारस
-

Medical Tourism History Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History of Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Tehri Garhwal , Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Haridwar , Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Almora, Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia;

Bhishma Kukreti · June 05, 2018, 11:48:49 AM

Year wise numbers of Primary Schools in British Garhwal
British Administration in Garhwal -277
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History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -297
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History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -1131
-
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
Hills of Garhwal was fortunate enough for people following educated persons for sending their children to schools even ten twenty miles away from their villages. Ten twelve year old students from far village used to stay in hostels.
There were following numbers of Primary Schools and numbers of students in Garhwal from 1896 to 1906-
Year ---------------No PS------------Boys--------------Girl ----------Total
1896-97--------------71--------------------------------------------------3492
1897-98--------------71---------------------------------------------------2005
1898-99--------------79----------------------------------------------------2197
1899-1900-----------98-----------------------------------------------------3093
1900-01--------------96-----------------------------------------------------2958
1901-02--------------97------------------------------------------------------3371
1902-03------------114------------------4296--------------17--------------4313
1903-04------------ 115-------------------4295------------15---------------4410
1904-05--------------119-------------------4607-----------15----------------4622
1905-06-------------139--------------------5544-----------127---------------5661
1906-07-------------159----------------------5907-----------130--------------7037
1907-08--------------178-------------------6155--------------91--------------6249
1908-09-------------196-----------------------6174-----------246--------------6420
The figures are indicating that people were not interested on educating girl. There were social taboos and agriculture work load for people not interested on girl education.
References
1-Shiv Prasad Dabral 'Charan', Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -8 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -2, page- .61-103
2- Atkinson, Himalayan Districts, Vol. 3
3-Garhwal Gazetteer
4- Paw, Garhwal settlement reports
5- Census hand book 1951
6- Adams, Reports on pilgrims rout

Xx
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India,bjkukreti@gmail.com 13/1/2018
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -1132
-
*** History of British Rule/Administration over British Garhwal (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter
-
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of British Garhwal, Education , Health, History of Devalgarh Garhwal , ; History of Badhan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Barasyun Garhwal; Education , Health History of Chandpur Garhwal; Education , Health History of Chaundkot Garhwal; Education , Health History of Gangasalan Garhwal; History of Mallasalan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Tallasalan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Dashauli Garhwal; Education , Health History of Nagpur Garhwal; Society in British Garhwal. History of British Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith in Chamoli Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith of Pauri Garhwal , Education , Health, Social and Culture History of Rudraprayag Garhwal

Bhishma Kukreti · June 05, 2018, 11:50:49 AM

Expenditure on Education in British Garhwal
British Administration in Garhwal -278
-
History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -298
-

History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -1132
-
By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
There was following annual expenditure on education by District Board in Garhwal-
Year --------------- Rs. Expenditure
1890-91--------------8223
1891-92-------------8304
1892-93-------------8471
1893-94---------------7866
1894-95---------------7502
1895-96----------------7780
1896-97--------------10418
1897-98--------------10069
1898-99-------------- 9165
1899-1900-----------11524
1900-01--------------12072
1901-02--------------12139
1902-03------------17913
1903-04------------ 22351
1904-05--------------21435
1905-06-------------32011
1906-07-------------44528
1907-08--------------39090
1908-09-------------.40696
References
1-Shiv Prasad Dabral 'Charan', Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -8 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -2, page- .61-103
2- Atkinson, Himalayan Districts, Vol. 3
3-Garhwal Gazetteer
4- Paw, Garhwal settlement reports
5- Census hand book 1951
6- Adams, Reports on pilgrims rout

Xx
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India,bjkukreti@gmail.com 13/1/2018
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -1132
-
*** History of British Rule/Administration over British Garhwal (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter
-
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of British Garhwal, Education , Health, History of Devalgarh Garhwal , ; History of Badhan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Barasyun Garhwal; Education , Health History of Chandpur Garhwal; Education , Health History of Chaundkot Garhwal; Education , Health History of Gangasalan Garhwal; History of Mallasalan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Tallasalan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Dashauli Garhwal; Education , Health History of Nagpur Garhwal; Society in British Garhwal. History of British Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith in Chamoli Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith of Pauri Garhwal , Education , Health, Social and Culture History of Rudraprayag Garhwal

Bhishma Kukreti · June 05, 2018, 11:55:12 AM

Christian Mission Schools in British Garhwal
British Administration in Garhwal -279
-
History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -299
-

History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -1133
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By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
There was significant role of Christian Missionaries in promoting education in British Garhwal. In 1864, Christian activist Parker bought house for missionary school in Chopra near Pauri. In 1865 summer, Father Mansell started mission school there. Tularam was teacher there and there were three students initially. In April 1866, Father Thuavarn took the charge of mission and school. By 1867, there were 30 students. However, mission was unable for converting any Garhwali as Christian. In 1868, Maonsell took responsibility of school and became District superintendent.
Boarding School Dhekwali
Khayali ram and his four brothers (Oad) of Dhekwali village of Bali Kandarsyun accepted Christianity. Later on, his relatives also accepted Christianity. Father Mansell oped a boarding school there where Christian children were offered free education with food and other luring facilities. By that act, a few Shilpkar also accepted Christianity. Missionary had to close down boarding school in 1897 as by enlarge, Garhwalis did not how much interest in Christianity. A fact remains toady a fact that in Garhwal, untouchability and poorness was not bad as in plains or in other east Himalayan region. Shilpkar used to get food and work sufficiently in village.

References
1-Shiv Prasad Dabral 'Charan', Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -8 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -2, page- .61-103
2- Atkinson, Himalayan Districts, Vol. 3
3-Garhwal Gazetteer
4- Paw, Garhwal settlement reports
5- Census hand book 1951
6- Adams, Reports on pilgrims rout

Xx
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India,bjkukreti@gmail.com 14/1/2018
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -1134
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*** History of British Rule/Administration over British Garhwal (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter
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(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of British Garhwal, Education , Health, History of Devalgarh Garhwal , ; History of Badhan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Barasyun Garhwal; Education , Health History of Chandpur Garhwal; Education , Health History of Chaundkot Garhwal; Education , Health History of Gangasalan Garhwal; History of Mallasalan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Tallasalan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Dashauli Garhwal; Education , Health History of Nagpur Garhwal; Society in British Garhwal. History of British Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith in Chamoli Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith of Pauri Garhwal , Education , Health, Social and Culture History of Rudraprayag Garhwal

Bhishma Kukreti · June 05, 2018, 11:58:42 AM

Chopra Mission Schools in British Garhwal
British Administration in Garhwal -280
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History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -300
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History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -1134
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By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
Chopra Christian Mission School became the craze and there was increase in student numbers every year. Management built a big school building taking aids from government in 1872. Father L.t McMahon was district superintendent and manger for Chopra Mission School from 1881-89. By 1883, the management started English medium too up to middle standard. McMahon was very much interested in promoting education. Father McMahon used to teach in the school too. Father McMahon established two Mission School branch each in Shrinagar and Dadamandi. Atkinson reported that father McMahon opened Hindi medium schools in a few villages. Perhaps, Father McMahon opened an orphan house in Chopra. By 1884, there ws high increase in student numbers and by 1890, management had to open two boarding houses separate each for Hindu and Christians. Now, the school name was Messmor Mission school.
The management appointed D.A. Chaufin the head master of Mission school in 1890. Chaufin was HM up to 1897. From that day, Chaufin family had relation with the school. Father J.H. Massmor was also district superintendent and manager for Chopra school from 1901-1911. By recommendation of Messmor , in 1902,author ties up graded middle school to high school. In 1898,Management appointed C.S. Chaufin as head master for the school and he was head master till 1902. Authorities promoted Chaufin as Sub Deputy Inspector of Schools in 1902 and again promoted as Deputy Inspector of Schools in 1906.
father Messmor expired in 1913, There was a condolence meeting on 14th November 1913 presided by Deputy Commissioner Clay. Father Hyde, Taradatt Gairola and Bmbikadtt Bahuguna participated in the meeting. they formed a committee for building a memorial house in memory of Father Messmor. Clay was president and Gairola was secretary of the committee.
G.A Chaufin the son of D.A Chaufin was head master of school from 1916-49 Due to shortage of building, from 1917-19 the school was de graded to middle school. The new building construction started in 1918 under the supervision of Father H.H.Weeks. As soon as building was completed in 1920, authorities sanctioned it as high School again. Dr Weeks did hard work for the school. Father Weeks was engineer, carpenter and builder too and he worked every work. Father Weeks was a creative too. Father Weeks constructed a special house cart that he used to bring furniture wood from Advani (12 mile away from Chopra) to Chopra on house cart. Weeks never spend a moment without work.
Week also helped Satpuli people t the time of great flood of 1923.
Messmor School played a great role in promoting education in British Garhwal.
References
1-Shiv Prasad Dabral 'Charan', Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -8 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -2, page- .61-103
2- Atkinson, Himalayan Districts, Vol. 3
3-Garhwal Gazetteer
4- Paw, Garhwal settlement reports
5- Census hand book 1951
6- Adams, Reports on pilgrims rout

Xx
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India,bjkukreti@gmail.com 15/1/2018
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -1135
-
*** History of British Rule/Administration over British Garhwal (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter
-
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of British Garhwal, Education , Health, History of Devalgarh Garhwal , ; History of Badhan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Barasyun Garhwal; Education , Health History of Chandpur Garhwal; Education , Health History of Chaundkot Garhwal; Education , Health History of Gangasalan Garhwal; History of Mallasalan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Tallasalan Garhwal; Education , Health History of Dashauli Garhwal; Education , Health History of Nagpur Garhwal; Society in British Garhwal. History of British Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith in Chamoli Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith of Pauri Garhwal , Education , Health, Social and Culture History of Rudraprayag Garhwal

Bhishma Kukreti · June 05, 2018, 12:57:51 PM

गुप्त काल में संयुक्त परिवार संस्कृति व हरिद्वार , सहारनपुर , बिजनौर इतिहास

Joint Family System in Gupta Era in context History of Haridwar, Bijnor, Saharanpur

हरिद्वार इतिहास , बिजनौर इतिहास , सहारनपुर इतिहास -आदिकाल से सन 1947 तक-भाग - 229

इतिहास विद्यार्थी ::: भीष्म कुकरेती

हिन्दू संस्कृति की धरोहर संयुक्त परिवार गुप्त काल में बना रहा। गुप्त काल में रचीं गयीं स्मृतियाँ सूत्र संयुक्त परिवार टूटन की कड़ी आलोचना करते हैं। संरक्षक पुत्रों और दसियों पौत्री पौत्रों की साथ रहने के किस्से गुप्त काल में मिलते हैं। एक उदाहरण में एक मनुष्य द्वारा अपनी माता , पिता पत्नी , पुत्री पुत्र , भतीजे भतीजियों के हिट हेतु कर्मकांड का जिक्र भी मिलता है। पिता या बड़ा भाई संयुक्त परिवार के भूमि संसाधनों का स्वामी माना जाता था और यह संस्कृति ग्रामीण उत्तराखंड में ब्रिटिश काल ही नहीं सन 1960 तक भूमि पैमाइश तक ज़िंदा रही।
अंहिसा
फाई यान ने सर्वत्र अंहिसा ही पायी , खटीक या मांश की दूकान नहीं होती थ। चंडाल ही शिकार करता था व पशु मांश बेचता था।
शब्दरभ वी डी महाजन , ऐनसियंट इण्डिया पृष्ठ 552 -53

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India 2018

History of Haridwar, Bijnor, Saharanpur to be continued Part --

हरिद्वार, बिजनौर , सहारनपुर का आदिकाल से सन 1947 तक इतिहास to be continued -भाग -

Ancient History of Kankhal, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Har ki Paidi Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Jwalapur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Telpura Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Sakrauda Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Bhagwanpur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Jhabarera Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Manglaur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Laksar; Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Sultanpur, Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Pathri Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Landhaur Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Bahdarabad, Uttarakhand ; Haridwar; History of Narsan Haridwar, Uttarakhand ; Ancient History of Bijnor; seohara , Bijnor History Ancient History of Nazibabad Bijnor ; Ancient History of Saharanpur; Ancient History of Nakur , Saharanpur; Ancient History of Deoband, Saharanpur; Ancient History of Badhsharbaugh , Saharanpur; Ancient Saharanpur History, Ancient Bijnor History;
कनखल , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; तेलपुरा , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; सकरौदा , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; भगवानपुर , हरिद्वार इतिहास ;रुड़की ,हरिद्वार इतिहास ; झाब्रेरा हरिद्वार इतिहास ; मंगलौर हरिद्वार इतिहास ;लक्सर हरिद्वार इतिहास ;सुल्तानपुर ,हरिद्वार इतिहास ;पाथरी , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; बहदराबाद , हरिद्वार इतिहास ; लंढौर , हरिद्वार इतिहास ;ससेवहारा बिजनौर , बिजनौर इतिहास; नगीना , बिजनौर इतिहास; नजीबाबाद , नूरपुर , बिजनौर इतिहास;सहारनपुर इतिहास; देवबंद सहारनपुर इतिहास , बेहत सहारनपुर इतिहास , नकुर सहरानपुर इतिहास Haridwar Itihas, Bijnor Itihas, Saharanpur Itihas

Bhishma Kukreti · June 05, 2018, 05:21:38 PM

Medical and Wellness Tourism in Rigveda Period
History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India, South Asia 5
By: Bhishma Kukreti (Medical Tourism Historian)
Brief History aspects of Vedas especially Rigveda
From Indian History point of view, the ruins tell the stories of Indus Civilization and then Vedas show some glimpse of historical aspects.
There are four vends. Out of four Vedas Rigveda, Yajurveda, Soma Veda and Atharvaveda, Rigveda is the oldest book in this world. There is unanimity that Rigveda is the oldest book in this earth but there are different views on the date of Rigveda creation time and places of creation.
Some say that Rigveda was created around 1000BCE and some historians argued for creation period from 3000-2500BCE.
Rigveda reveals many historical, political, military and medical aspects of India of that time.
Vedas are in fact the pre narration of Sankhya Yoga or knowledge narration. Samkhya means indirectly Autosuggestion. Most of hymens are virtually suggesting own self for empowerment . The hymns offer confidence for attaining something in all Vedas.
Social Conditions in Rigveda
The Rigveda points out well organized society . Monogamy was general rule but among Prices , polygamy was common .Marriages were sacred and unbroken but widows could remarry. Wife was supposed to be partner.
Father used to control the family and his duties were that he saw that children had characters and he used to punish characterless sons. girls had right . The unit of society was Family , unit of families was kula and then Gram,
There are different opinions about caste sytem or no caste system in Rigveda time.
There were two three types of dresses. Barring nose ring , other ornaments are described in Rigveda.
Milk was very important food item and other items were rice , wheat, meat , wine , pulses and vegetables.
Chariot racing , horse racing dancing , decing , gambling are also described. Society was settled society and lived in cottages.
Economic Condition

Aryans of Rigveda were solely agriculturists and used plough, bulls, oxes, harvest was cut by sickles. Craftsmen as Carpenters, cobblers, tanners, cottage builders, metal smiths, potters, grinders and other smiths are described in Rigveda. . Barring nose piercing ornaments, there are description of ornaments in Rigveda.
Barter system was common in Rigveda. Contract system was also there in Rigveda period
Religion
People worshipped multiple deities and goddesses. People believed in territorial deities.
(Based on V.D Mahajan, Rigvedic India , Ancient India , pages 115-125)
Tourism and Medical practices
It is important that in medical tourism, there should be medicines, medical practitioners, and tourism cultures together. Not only medicines but medicine producers also play important role in medical tourism. Since, medical practice was not done for earning or being rich man but for public services, we can't analyze Rig Veda from lower price in treatments point of view as is the culture in today time.
Rigveda shows the importance of Travel for human kind for overall growth –
Rohita meanwhile met a Brahmin on his travel, who advised him , It was Indra in human for , " There is no happiness for him who does nor travel , Thus we have heard Living in the society of men , the best man becomes a sinner ... therefore travel ! The fortune of him who is sitting sits; it rises when he rises ; it sleeps when he sleeps ; it moves when he moves; Therefore wander" from Zenaide Alexeievna Ragozine, 1895, 1961 Vedic India as embodied Principally in the Rig Veda, Mittal Publication, India page 411)
The Mode of Tourism
The following modes were available for touring –
By foot as was primitive condition
By Horses
By Bull cart
By Chariot
Patients would be transported by Pinus or dandi or on two wood rods
Cot was already invented in Rigveda time and it is mentioned in a prayer (Dr Rajabali Pandey :Rigveda page 134 ) . Therefore, people might have used cot for taking patient to the medical practitioner .or in case of religious healing , to the healer ..
in Rigveda, there are mentions of chariot, bull cart , horses or vehicles (Second chapter 59, Rigveda, 1996, in Hindi , Sadhna Pocket Books, India, page 138) and there is mention for protection from moving vehicles (rajbali same page) . Persons go by moving vehicles either the persons are army men, traders, patients or rich men. All would have required medical treatments in case of urgency.
There are s mentions of army movement in Rigveda (Rajbali Pandey, Rigveda page 164) . That means army required medical practitioners and medical practitioners required tour with army.
There are mentions of person or writer calling Deity for overall protection, body protection or good health. That indicates that there was culture of calling medicines knowledge person to the patient. The ritual halers would also go to the patients. This practice is still in rural India that Vaidya or religious healers visiting to patients.
Guest welcome and hospitality in Rigveda
The root of slogan 'Atithi Devo Bhavh' (May Guest be deity) is hidden in Rigveda. B B Paliwal writes in his book Message of the Vedas (2006, Diamond Books, India, page 175) that " Welcoming the guest was considered the most important. It was one of five 'yajnas' , We get a glimpse of Hospitality to the guests in Rigveda.
Martin Haug (Aitarey Brahmins of the Rigveda vol -2, page 40) offers the glimpse of Guest welcome in Rigveda that for the ceremony of receiving a guest (atithithyam –atithi –isthi) is the head of sacrifice. Haug further translates that there are seven vital airs in the head. By this ceremony the hotar puts vital seven airs in the head (Sacrificer).
The host used to offer kush (a wide long grass herb) Seat to the guests as stated in following hymn –
Sabke Stuti part , sundar , kirti wale , shreshth agni , rup raatri divas hmari kushaon par aakar viraajmaan hon .......lt vani ka rup Bharati , Sarswti and Ila all three sit on our kusha seats.
( He prayed by all , beautiful famous, best of all Agni rest here on our Kusha seat for day an d night. .... He sarswati, Bharti and Ila let you sit on our Kusha seat.)(Rigvda -2, 21 from Rigveda , in Hindi page 113, Sadhna Pocket Books Delhi)
Calling Deities in rituals, welcoming them and then sending off with grace started there from Rigveda and still those practices survive in present time karmkanda (rituals).

Deities of Medicines in Rigveda
For understanding Medical Tourism in ny era, it is essential for understanding the culture about medicines, treatments and religious practice for curing the disease.
Ashwini the Doctor for heaven
In Vedas, after Indra, Agni and Soma deities, Ashwini is another important deity. Ashwini were twins and eternal, beautiful, young and bright, Ashwini are doctors of heaven. Ashwini offered new eyes and new body parts to deities Ashwini was expert as Physician and Surgeon too. On Laterlitterature, Medical practitioners were named for both the expertise. In Ayurveda , Ashwini learnt Ayurveda from Prajapati and Indra learnt Ayurveda or medical science from Ashwini.Bhardwaj, Dhanvantari and Kashyap learnt Ayurveda from Indra. However, Indra, Prajapati and other deities never practiced medical treatments (Atidev, Ayurved ka vrihadItihas, 1960 page 18, Varansi)
Rudra the Doctor of Common men
All Vedas describe Rudra another many times as doctor. Rudra is never described as doctors for deities. Rigveda describes Rudra as Bheshaj –
क्व स्य ते रूद्र मृलयाकुरहर्स्तो यो अस्ति भेषजो जलाप (ऋग्वेद 2/33/7)
In Rigveda, Rudra is finest doctor as-
भिपक्तम त्वा भिषजा श्रीणोमि (ऋ वे 2/33/4)
Rudra has thousands of medicines and it is requested Rudra for medicines-
स्तुतस्त्व भेषजा रास्स्यमे ( ऋ वे 2/33/12)
However, In Vedas, Ashwini and Rudra had been given less importance and never called for any Yjna. Puran offered importance to the both as doctors of deities etc. (Atidev, Ibit page 19)>. Veda named Indra, Varun ,Mrut , Agni as Bheshaj /doctor but asan adjective.
Concept of Artificial part transplantation in Rigveda
There was a custom of doctors visiting war field with the warriors. In Rigveda, there is mention of iron leg transplantation too. Compulsory, Purohit (ritual performers and medicine knowledge man ) used to go with warriors in Warfield. In case of urgency, Purohit used to request deity for protecting his master warrior.
In one hymn, Purohit prayed Ashwini for light iron leg as his master's wife's leg was cut-
चरित्र हि वेरिवाच्छेदि पर्णमाजा खेलस्य परितकम्यायाम
सद्यो जघामायसीं विष्पलार्यम धनेहि ते सर्तवे प्रत्यवत्तम ( ऋ वे 1/176/15)
Concept of Eye Plantation
in Rigveda, there is concept of eye transplantation. Ashwini transplanted new eyes to blind Rijashwa (Ri. Ve. 1/116/16)
Chyavan Sage- Puran described rejuvenation of Chyavan sage by Chyavanprash but not in Rigved. Thought Rigveda mentions Chyayansage in 7/7/15.
Characteristics of Divya chikitsak or Eternal Doctor
Veda describes five main characteristics of finest doctor as (Atidev page 21) –
1-Keeping all medicines intact with him or in store
2-Expert of medicinal knowledge
3-Bhishjyati or a good planner of disease curing
4-Destroyer of Rakshas, Asur (worms)
5- Destroyer of diseases by root cause
यत्रोपधौ सम्मत राजन समितामिच
विप्र स उच्यते भिषग रक्षोहामोवचातन
Atidev offers examples from sutra and states that according to Rigveda, the Doctors should not be greedy but a server (Ibid page 22)

Medicines in Rigveda
Rigveda calls medicine as Mother.
या औषधि पूर्वा जाता देवेम्यस्त्रियुग पुरा
मनै नु वभ्रूणामय शत धामनी सप्त च (ऋ वे 10/97/1)

Hydrotherapy in Rigveda
There are many hymns about water medicines as mentioned in hymn 10/137/6 that Water is nectar and medicine is in water.
Solar Therapy in Rigveda
There is concept of solar therapy in Rigveda. The rising sun is supposed to be worm killer उद्यन्नादित्य क्रीमी हन्ता
There is prayer for Sun as protector in Rigveda .
न सूर्यस्य सद्र्यिसे मा युयोया (Ri.Ve. 2/33/1)
Air Therapy
There is importance of respiratory air and outgoing false gas too and air is called storage of medicines as –
आ वात वाहि भेषज विचात वाहि यद्रप
त्व हि विश्वभेषजो देवाना दूत ईयसे Ri .iVe 1/137/3). Rigveda calls Air as Nectar. (Rive 10/186/1)
Smoking Therapy in Rigveda
There are mentions many times about Havan or Hom or Yagya in Rigveda that tells us about importance of smoking for medical purpose or protection.
Mental Illness curing
All Vedas hymns are auto suggestion hymns. It shows that on that time, ritual performing was more common for medical facilities.
Sign of Medical Tourism in Rigveda and Rigveda Period
Rigveda clearly suggests medical tour for curing or health. In Rigveda hymn 8/9/15, the sage states – O Ashwini! far or near, there are disease curing medicines related to you ,O knowledgeable come to our house and offer medicines for Vimadvatsa . Here sage request Ashwini for coming to house and we might assume that it may be opposite that Vimadvats would have been taken to the doctor. The hymn suggest that on that time too medicines were not available everywhere but at particular place (near or far) .
From hospitality angle, it might be said that the guests were perceived as god and they were welcomed with respects. The doctors were for serving the people and it was not thought that they would be greedy.

People lived in villages in Rigveda period as per study of Vedas. Villages were fa from each other. Definitely, there would be shortage of ritual performers for illness curing and medical practitioners. In both the reasons, the ill men had to visit another locality for ritual performance or taking medical aids. It seems from above studies that medical practitioners were also touring to their patients or Yajmans.

Coyright @ Bhishma Kukreti, 21/5/2018 bckukreti@gmail.com
History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India will be continued in – 6
History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , North India , South Asia;, History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , South India; South Asia, History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , East India, History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , West India, South Asia; History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , Central India, South Asia; ; History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , North East India , South Asia; History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , Bangladesh , South Asia; History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India, Pakistan , South Asia; History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , Myanmar, South Asia; ; History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , Afghanistan , South Asia ; ; History of Medical, health and Wellness Tourism in India , Baluchistan, South Asia, to be continued

Bhishma Kukreti · June 06, 2018, 07:17:39 AM

किनगोड़ा , किलमोड़ा। दारु हल्दी वनीकरण

Indian Barberies , Chitra Foestation in Uttraakhand
(केन्द्रीय व प्रांतीय वन अधिनियम व वन जन्तु रक्षा अधिनियम परिवर्तन के उपरान्त ही सार्थक )
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सार्वजनिक औषधि पादप वनीकरण -9

Community Medical Plant Forestation -9

उत्तराखंड में मेडिकल टूरिज्म विकास विपणन ( रणनीति -111

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Medical Tourism Development in Uttarakhand ( Strategies ) - 111

(Tourism and Hospitality Marketing Management in Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar series--214
उत्तराखंड में पर्यटन व आतिथ्य विपणन प्रबंधन -भाग 214

लेखक : भीष्म कुकरेती (विपणन व बिक्री प्रबंधन विशेषज्ञ )

लैटिन नाम Berberies aristata
संस्कृत नाम दारुहरदा , दारु हल्दी
हिंदी- चित्रा
पादप वर्णन
किनगोड़ा उत्तराखंड में लगभग सभी जगह जंगलों , पथरीली जमीन में 1800 -३००0 मीटर की ऊँचे स्थानों में पाया जाता था अब इसकी प्रजाति खतरे में है। झाडी नुमा 6 -9 फ़ीट ऊँचा। कांटेदार झाडी , पत्तियां भी कांटेदार।
बाड़ के काम आता है , रंग बनाने में उपयोग

औषधि उपयोग

आँख औषधि -कजतवाईरस में उपयोग
जलन कम करता है , घाव आदि पर उपयोग
यकृत रोग में उपयोग
कैंसर में क्लोन न होने हेतु उपयोग
स्त्रियों हेतु मूत्र रोग में उपयोग
डाइबिटीज कम करता है
कई कर्ण रोग उपचार में उपयोग
पाचन शक्ति वर्धक
गरारा में उपयोग

पारम्परिक , आयुर्वेद , यूनानी व सिद्ध औषधियों में उपयोग होता है
जलवायु आवश्यकता - सामन्य किन्तु गर्म हो तो भला, खुली जमीन
भूमि
खुला , बलुई , दुम्मट व पथरीली। वास्तव में सब जगह हो सकता है। हाँ पानी भरान हानिकारक है।
फूल आने का समय - अप्रैल मई
फल तोड़ने का समय - मई जून
बीज बोन का समय - पके फलों से बीज बो दिए जाने चाहिए और इन्हे एक शीत ऋतू आवश्यक है (cold frame ) . शीत ऋतू अंत या वसंत में उगने लगते हैं।
भण्डारीकृत बीजों को एक शीत आवश्यक है एयर जनवरी में बो दिए जाते हैं जब अंकुरित पौधा 20 सेंटी मित्र का हो जाय तो उसे अपने निर्णीत स्थान पर रूप दिया जाता है।
रोपण का समय -वसंतान्त या ग्रीष्म से पहले भाग में
कलम से भी रोपण होता है किन्तु असंभव नहीं तो भी बहुत कठिन।
खाद आवश्यकता - कम्पोस्ट या वनों में स्वजनित प्राकृतिक खाद
सिंचाई आवश्यकता -कम किन्तु सरसरी में आवश्यक , अधिक पानी हानिकारक
वयस्कता समय - 5 6 साल
सार्वजनिक वनीकरण हे तु वनों में पके फल /बीज सब जगह छिड़क दिए जांय कनीतु अधिक बीजों की आवश्यकता पड़ेगी . बकरी चरण से बचाव आवश्यक है
विशेषज्ञों से राय आवश्यक

Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti 6 /6 //2018
संदर्भ

1 -भीष्म कुकरेती, 2006 -2007 , उत्तरांचल में पर्यटन विपणन परिकल्पना , शैलवाणी (150 अंकों में ) , कोटद्वार , गढ़वाल
2 - भीष्म कुकरेती , 2013 उत्तराखंड में पर्यटन व आतिथ्य विपणन प्रबंधन , इंटरनेट श्रृंखला जारी
3 - रामनाथ वैद्य ,2016 वनौषधि -शतक , सर्व सेवा संघ बनारस
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Medical Tourism History Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History of Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Rudraprayag Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Tehri Garhwal , Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Haridwar , Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Almora, Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia; Medical Tourism History Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand, India , South Asia;