Articles By Bhisma Kukreti - श्री भीष्म कुकरेती जी के लेख

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Jay Gan Jay Gan:  Asian Folk Song narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom


Oriental/Asian Folk Song and Folk Literature from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna-Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Dehradun, Garhwal -52 

  रवांइ, उत्तरकाशी, देहरादून गढ़वाल क्षेत्र  के  प्रचलित   लोक गीत- 52     

    Translation, Interpretation by: Bhishma Kukreti
  The following Asian Folk Song from Ravain region of Garhwal (India) is around 1948 when Indian freedom was fresh. The said Asian traditional folk song from Tones-Yamuna valley illustrates actions from Congress Party too.

जय गन जय गन

(मूल -डा. जगदीश 'जग्गू' नौडियाल, उत्तराखंड की सांस्कृतिक धरोहर ( रवांइ क्षेत्र के लोकसाहित्य का  सांस्कृतिक अध्ययन )   

( इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति  एवं अतिरिक्त व्याखा - भीष्म कुकरेती )

जय  गन नारंगी की दाणी ,जन गन नारंगी की दाणी
जय गन पेले सुदारु चेंदू , जय गाँव गाँव  पाणी
जय गन आंगुड़ी को फेता ,  जय गन आंगुड़ी को फेता
जय गन गाँव गाँव सुणेदा , जय गन कौंग्रेस नेता
जय गन ओली जालो आटो , जय गन ओली जालो आटो
जय गन सुदारु चैंद , जय गन गाँव गाँव को बाटो

The potable water availability and irrigation should be improved
The Congress leaders should know the progress path
The village rod should be improved after freedom

Copyright Interpretation, @ Bhishma Kukreti 2/8/2013 

Oriental/Asian Folk Literature from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna-Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Dehradun, Garhwal to be continued ...53 
( रवांइ क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; हर की दून, रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; जानकी चट्टी, रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; फुल चट्टी , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; मोरी रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; पुजेली , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के  जागर, लोक गीत ; पुरोला , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; बनाल पट्टी , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; राढ़ी डांडा,  रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के   जागर, लोक गीत ; यमुनोत्री , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र जागर, लोक गीत ; हनुमान चट्टी , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; खरसाली रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के  भाषा जागर, लोक गीत ; गंगनाणी ,  रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के  जागर, लोक गीत ; बडकोट , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; नौगाँव , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के   भाषा जागर, लोक गीत ; आराकोट , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के   जागर, लोक गीत ; जर्मोला धार रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के  जागर, लोक गीत ;लाखामंडल,  रवांइ -देहरादून  क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ;चकरौता  रवांइ -देहरादून  क्षेत्र के रंवाल्टी  भाषा जागर, लोक गीत ;अनहोल रवांइ -देहरादून  क्षेत्र के  भाषा जागर, लोक गीत ; त्यूणी  रवांइ -देहरादून  क्षेत्र के  जागर, लोक गीत श्रृखला जारी)
Xx           xxx
Notes on Asian Folk Song narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Verse Hari ki Dun Garhwal, India recounting People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Oriental Traditional Song from Janki Chatti Garhwal, India referring  People's Progress ambitions, Demand for Village wellbeing after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Ful Chatti Garhwal, India Stating  People's development Ambitions , Demand for Village benefit after getting liberty; Asian Folk Song from Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Poetry from Hanuman Chatti Garhwal, India narrating People's improvement Aspirations, require for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Pujeli village Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Customary  Song from Purela Garhwal, India narrating People's improvement Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Gangnani Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Oriental  Traditional Folk Song from Mori Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, requirement for Village Welfare after getting independence; Asian Folk Song from Badkot  Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Arakot Garhwal, India stating  People's development Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Anhol, Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after gaining  Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Chakrata Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Lakhamandal Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Tyuni Garhwal, India illustrating  People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Naitwad Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom; Asian Folk Song from Naugaon Garhwal, India narrating People's Progress Aspirations, Demand for Village Welfare after getting Freedom

[Bhishma Kukreti]

गूणी -बांदर -सुंगर उवाच 

[गढ़वाली हास्य -व्यंग्य, सौज सौज मा मजाक मसखरी  दृष्टि से, हौंस,चबोड़,चखन्यौ, सौज सौज मा गंभीर चर्चा ,छ्वीं;- जसपुर निवासी  के  जाती असहिष्णुता सम्बंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; ढांगू वाले के  पृथकवादी मानसिकता सम्बन्धी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य;गंगासलाण  वाले के  भ्रष्टाचार, अनाचार, अत्याचार पर गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; लैंसडाउन तहसील वाले के  धर्म सम्बन्धी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य;पौड़ी गढ़वाल वाले के वर्ग संघर्ष सम्बंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; उत्तराखंडी  के पर्यावरण संबंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य;मध्य हिमालयी लेखक के विकास संबंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य;उत्तरभारतीय लेखक के पलायन सम्बंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; मुंबई प्रवासी लेखक के सांस्कृतिक विषयों पर गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; महाराष्ट्रीय प्रवासी लेखक का सरकारी प्रशासन संबंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; भारतीय लेखक के राजनीति विषयक गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; एशियाई लेखक द्वारा सामाजिक  बिडम्बनाओं पर   गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य श्रृंखला ]


                          चबोड़्या -चखन्योर्या -भीष्म कुकरेती

  पता नि यी गढ़वाळि-कुमाउंनी प्रवास , पलायन से  इथगा  परेशान किलै छन ?
हम गूणी -बांदर मैदान बिटेन इख पाख पख्यडुं मा पलायन नि करदा त हमर त जाति खतम ह्वे जान्दि I पलायनौ वजै से हम गूणी बांदर बच्यां छंवाँ
अब एक बात बथावदि यि गढ़वळि-कुम्मया पलायन नि करदा त हम गूणी -बांदर -सुंगर इथगा मौज मस्ती कौर सकदा छा क्या ?
गढ़वळि-कुमाउंनी गाऊं से भैर ह्वेन अर गाऊं पर हमर कब्जा ह्वे I उन कुछ जगा नेपाऴयूं अर बिहार्युं कब्जा बि हूण मिसे गे I 
सुख कु नि चांदो हम बि सुख की खोज मा रौंदा अर भलो ह्वाइ गढ़वळि-कुमाउंनी भैर जोग ह्वेन त अब हम बि बरखा -ह्यूं मौसम मा तिबार्युं अर छ्न्युं तौळ मजा से रौंदा I अजकाल हम गूणी -बांदर रात डाऴयूं मा  नि रोंदा बलकणम खंद्वार हुयाँ कूड़ ही असली बसेरा ह्वे गेन I 
           पैल  बेडु -तिमल -खडिक -भ्यूँळअ  बान हमम अर मनिखों मा प्रतिद्वंदिता होंद छे अब गांव वाळ बजार बिटेन लयां फलूं पर गीजि गेन त बेडु -तिमल -खडिक -भ्यूँळअ कमि नि रै गे पण अब हम बि अळगसि ह्वे गेवां। जब गां मा लोंगु भितर राशन मीलि जांद त  डाळुम चढ़णै मेनत किलै करवाँ हम ? अरे जब पादिक काम चलि जांद तो हगणै जरूरत क्या च ? 
                      अब हम गूणी -बांदरूं अर सुंगरूं  तै जंगळ  जाणम  डौर लगद अर जंगळुम भौत मेनत करण पोड़द जब कि गाँ मा सब कुछ मीलि जांद I हम तैं जब  कूड़ो मुंडळम डाळो मजा आवो तो डाळम किलै चढ़े जावो भै ?   
                  ठीक च यी तिबारी -डंड्यळि अब टूटीं अवस्था  मा छन  पण  हमकुण त राजमहल ही छन . द्याख नि तुमन अब यूँ टुट्याँ कूड़ों - सन्युं मा हमर बच्चा कथगा मजा से खिलणा रौंदन  अर जब मर्जी ह्वे ग्याइ त गाँ  मा द्वी चार लोग जो बि बच्यां छन ऊंक घौर जाँदा अर भातौ फुळि उठैक लै उंदा। अब त हमर बच्चा बि घी लगायुं रुटि अर चाओ माओ खाण गीजि गेन I  जब क्वी प्रवासी घौर  आवो अर हम वैका लयां चणा लूठी लौंदा त  हमर बच्चा चणा पर हाथ नि लगांदन अर राड़ घाळि दीदन बल प्रवासी आयुं च त चौकलेट  चखावो I

                   प्रवासी आवो या कखि जीमण ह्वावो तो अचकाल दारु सारु पार्टी बि होंदी त हम त ना पण  हमारी जवान पीढ़ी कै बि हिसाब से दारु बोतल चुरैक लयांदी I शराब की लत हम गूणी -बांदरूं बच्चों पर बि लग ग्यायि I जख हम कैक भितर कंटरूं पर धर्याँ ग्यूं -चौंळ खुज्यांदा त हमर बच्चा दारु बोतल खुज्यांदन I हम अपण बच्चौं तैं अड़ान्दा बल दारू -सारु -शराब बुरी चीज च त जवान लौड़ हम तै डांटदन बल जब मनिखों बारा सालौ नौन दारु पे सकद त हम बांदर किलै ना ? कुज्याण क्या ह्वाल  हमारी ईं नई पीढ़ी को ?  आर्थिक स्थिति   अर नई पीढ़ीक सुख सुविधा बान   हम गूणी बांदर अर सुंगर अब मनिखों भौति करीब ह्वे गेवां तो सुख अर सुविधा बान थ्वड़ा भौत परेशानी सहन  करण ही पोड़द कि ना ?
जख तलक हम गूणी बांदरूं खेल अर मनोरंजन को सवाल च अब हम आपस माँ खेल नि खिलदवां अब मनुष्य हे हमर खेल साधन छन I  हम गूणी -बांदर मनिखों दगड़ छौंपा दौड़, लूका छुपी , टच मी नौट , पकड़ा -पकड़ी ; छीना झपटी , का कथगा ही खेल खिलदां I  फिर अब हम तैं मनिखों तैं चिरड़ाण मा बड़ो मजा आंद I दिन मा आठ दस दै हम कै ना कै मनिख तै चिरड़ान्द ही छंवाँ ये खेल तैं हम मनुष्य तै तंग कारो बि बुलदवाँ I मनिखों तीज त्यौहार ही हमर तीज त्यौहार छन जन कि वेलेंटाइन डे , क्रिसमस , न्यू ईयर आदि I   

हाँ हम गूणी -बांदर भविष्य की चिंता से भौति परेशान छंवाँ बल अब जब गढवाली -कुमाउंनी गाँ मनुष्य विहीन हूणा छन तो हम कखन बजारक ग्युं -चौंळ -दाळ -भुजि -फल खौंला ? मनुष्य विहीन गांवुं सोचिक ही हमर पुटुकुंद च्याळ पोडि जान्दन बल फिर हमर क्या ह्वालो ?

Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  3/8/2013

[गढ़वाली हास्य -व्यंग्य, सौज सौज मा मजाक मसखरी  दृष्टि से, हौंस,चबोड़,चखन्यौ, सौज सौज मा गंभीर चर्चा ,छ्वीं;- जसपुर निवासी  के  जाती असहिष्णुता सम्बंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; ढांगू वाले के  पृथक वादी  मानसिकता सम्बन्धी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य;गंगासलाण  वाले के  भ्रष्टाचार, अनाचार, अत्याचार पर गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; लैंसडाउन तहसील वाले के  धर्म सम्बन्धी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य;पौड़ी गढ़वाल वाले के वर्ग संघर्ष सम्बंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; उत्तराखंडी  के पर्यावरण संबंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य;मध्य हिमालयी लेखक के विकास संबंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य;उत्तरभारतीय लेखक के पलायन सम्बंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; मुंबई प्रवासी लेखक के सांस्कृतिक विषयों पर गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; महाराष्ट्रीय प्रवासी लेखक का सरकारी प्रशासन संबंधी गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; भारतीय लेखक के राजनीति विषयक गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य; एशियाई लेखक द्वारा सामाजिक  बिडम्बनाओं पर   गढ़वाली हास्य व्यंग्य श्रृंखला जारी ...] 

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period


History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 114

   Early Medieval   Asian History of Katyuri Imperialism of Kartikeyapur in Kumaon, Garhwal and Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) -25

          (Early Asian Medieval History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar, Doti Nepal (Uttarakhand, India))
                          (Early Asian Medieval History (740-1100 AD)

                                              By: Bhishma Kukreti

                       Secularism, Religious Harmony in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Middle Period

                    There is no doubt that Katyuri Kings of Kartikeyapur (Asian Middle Age) and largely people were Sanatani (Hindu) believers.  However, there were Buddhists in plains or foothills of Kartikeyapur kingdom. There were Jains also in this territory.   
  The Pravodhchandroday  play suggests that Jain saints had to flee from various regions to get shelters. A few Jain saints migrated to plains of Uttarakhand. The 1010 years old period Idol of Shri vardhmanswamidev is found in Badhpur. Ruins of Mordhwaj and Badhpur suggest that Katyuri kings permitted religious harmony in the kingdom. Buddhists and Jain were free for constructing their temples.

                    Rituals, Beliefs and Worshipping in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Middle Period

  Hindu was major religion in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Middle Period.
            The religious title of Katyuri kings was 'Parammaheshwar' in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Middle Period. The religious title of Subhikshraj was ParamVaishanva.
      The Katyuri kings of Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Middle Period believed that they got kingdom due to blessings of Shiva and Nanda Devi Bhagvati.
The early Asian Middle Period Katyuri Kings described them as Parambrahmanya or Brahmin devotees.
The early Asian Middle Period Katyuri Kings of Kartikeyapur believed in Caste-Class system (Varnashram).
Shiva and Nanda Devi were major deities and goddess.
Narsingh, Nagdevta, Durga, Brahmeshwar were other important gods and goddesses.
The local deities were Gaviyapind, Bharke, Chandalmunda (village Deities) in the early Asian Middle Period Katyuri Kings Kingdom. There were temples of these deities and goddesses.
The inscriptions did not mention about Sun god. However, Sun Idols of this period were found in this region.
             The Vishnu was worshipped as Narayan by Katyuris of middle age. The queen of Lalitshur built Narayan temple in Gerunnasa and Shripurushbhadra built Narayan temple in Garudashram.
Shankracharya reestablished rituals in Badrikashram(Vishnu) before Lalitshur. Narayan was worshipped in Badrikashram. Brahmcharis used to stay in Tapovan near Badrinath. Padmt donated land to Badrikashram. Subhikshraj donated land for a Narayan temple.


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 3/8/2013

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
   
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued... Part -115
Early Asian Medieval History of Katyuri Dynasty in Kumaon, Garhwal and Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued...26
        (Oriental Early Medieval History (740-1100 AD to be continued...)

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Notes on Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Religion rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Uttarakhand; Religion rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Pithoragarh; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Almora; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Champawat; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Nainital; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Bageshwar; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Udham Singh Nagar; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Bijnor; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Haridwar; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Dehradun; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Doti Nepal; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Chamoli Garhwal; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Rudraprayag; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Tehri Garhwal; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Uttarkashi Garhwal; Religion, rituals, Beliefs, Deities and Secularism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period around Pauri Garhwal

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Asma Shanta : Asian Folk Song illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment 


Folk Songs from Kumaon-Garhwal, Haridwar, Uttarakhand (India)-309
(Asian, Himalayan Folk Song/Traditional Folktales/ Conventional Sayings Series)
                 कुमाऊं, गढ़वाल ,हरिद्वार के  लोक गीत  -309
                                      By: Bhishma Kukreti
           The Garhwal and Kumaon region is the land of Army men. When the army men are holidaying in their home village and there is war with neighboring enemy country the Garhwali-Kumaoni army men had to cancelling holiday and return to their head quarter in border place.
    The following folk song illustrates the regional disturbance in North East Frontier Area and army deployment there.
The folk song also discusses the pain of wife of army man going to joining duty in disturbed region.
The folk song discusses the death and life as sides of a coin for an army man.
असमा  शांता

(संकलन ; रामेश्वरी  और  डा. प्रीतम  अपछ्यांण ,  सन्दर्भ: चिट्ठी पत्री  2003 )
(इंटरनेट प्रस्तुती व व्याख्या - भीष्म कुकरेती ) 

ऐंसूका  साल खरड़ा खैली
भोळका साल असमा जैली
शांता पिंयारी  असमा जैली
बोटिंन रसि खैंचिन डोरा
शांता लडै को जोरा
शांता पिंयारी लडै को जोरा
बणै दे शांता दो रोटी तीन
ख़तम ह्वेगी छुटी का दीन
शांता पिंयारी छुटी का दीन
बणै दे शांता बासमती का भात
जाज उड़ी  बंगाल माथ
शांता पिंयारी बंगाल माथ
बणै दे शांता दो रोटी दाल
शांता पिंयारी जिन्दगी काल
बणै दे शांता दो रोटी पूर
कांध रैफल बगलै छूर
शांता पिंयारी बगलै छूर
गाड मॉळेली लंगलंगी तूण
जाण जरूर बेकारै रुण     
शांता पिंयारी बेकारै रुण

In the above folk song, the army man provides sympathy and encouragement o his wife too.
The folk song shows that   Garhwali-Kumaoni folk creators have sharp eyes on every aspect of life.

Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, bckukreti@gmail.com 3/8/2013
Folk Songs from Kumaon-Garhwal-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued...310 
   
Xx                        xxx
उत्तराखंड से  लोक गीत , दुसांत से बाल  गीत; चमोली  गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ;गदकोत चमोली गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; पौड़ी गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; टिहरी गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ;केदार उत्यपका गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; बद्रीनाथ घाटी गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; लैंसडाउन गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; कोटद्वार गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ;नरेंद्र नगर गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ;प्रताप नगर गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; गौचर गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; पुरोला गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; राठ  क्षेत्र गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; गैरसैण  गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत ; दूधातोली गढ़वाल से  लोक गीत  श्रृंखला जारी ..
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Notes on Asian Folk Song illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment; Asian Folk Song from Chamoli Garhwal illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment; Asian Folk Song from Rudraprayag Garhwal illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment; Asian Folk Song from Tehri Garhwal illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment; Asian Folk Song from Uttarkashi Garhwal illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment; Asian Folk Song from Pauri Garhwal illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment; Asian Folk Song from Vishnuprayag Garhwal illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment; Asian Folk Song from Alaknanda valley Garhwal illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment; Asian Folk Song from Nayar valley Garhwal illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment; Asian Folk Song from Hinval valley Garhwal illustrating Regional Disturbances and Army Deployment;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Mui Deen Kanu Labi: Asian Wedding Folk Song illustrating Women Love for Ornaments   

Oriental/Asian Folk Song and Folk Literature from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna-Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Dehradun, Garhwal -53 

  रवांइ, उत्तरकाशी, देहरादून गढ़वाल क्षेत्र  के  प्रचलित   लोक गीत- 53     

    Translation, Interpretation by: Bhishma Kukreti


The following folk song depicts the women love for jewels and jewelry
This song is a wedding folk song from Ravain illustrating the request of bride to her father for ornaments. 
मुई दीण कानू लाबी

(संकलन व अन्वेषण : डा.जगदीश नौडियाल)

( इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति  एवं अतिरिक्त व्याखा - भीष्म कुकरेती )

मुई देण बा लो कानू की लाबी
मुई देण बा लो हाथू की पौंछी
मुई देण बा लो नाक नथलू
मुई देण बा लो लांबी बिसार
मुई देण बा लो शीशफूल सुहाग
मुई देण बा लो जेवरू की खाण
Father! Gift me Ear Ornaments
Father! Gift me Hand Ornaments
Father! Gift me Nose Ring Ornaments
Father! Gift me Long Ornaments
Father! Gift me Head Ornaments
Father! Gift me mine of  Ornaments



Copyright Interpretation, @ Bhishma Kukreti 3/8/2013 

Oriental/Asian Folk Literature from Ravain/Rawaeen, Yamuna-Tons Valley Region, Uttarkashi, Dehradun, Garhwal to be continued ...54 
( रवांइ क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; हर की दून, रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; जानकी चट्टी, रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; फुल चट्टी , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; मोरी रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; पुजेली , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के  जागर, लोक गीत ; पुरोला , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; बनाल पट्टी , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; राढ़ी डांडा,  रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के   जागर, लोक गीत ; यमुनोत्री , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र जागर, लोक गीत ; हनुमान चट्टी , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; खरसाली रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के  भाषा जागर, लोक गीत ; गंगनाणी ,  रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के  जागर, लोक गीत ; बडकोट , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ; नौगाँव , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के   भाषा जागर, लोक गीत ; आराकोट , रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के   जागर, लोक गीत ; जर्मोला धार रवांइ -उत्तरकाशी क्षेत्र के  जागर, लोक गीत ;लाखामंडल,  रवांइ -देहरादून  क्षेत्र के जागर, लोक गीत ;चकरौता  रवांइ -देहरादून  क्षेत्र के रंवाल्टी  भाषा जागर, लोक गीत ;अनहोल रवांइ -देहरादून  क्षेत्र के  भाषा जागर, लोक गीत ; त्यूणी  रवांइ -देहरादून  क्षेत्र के  जागर, लोक गीत श्रृखला जारी)
Xx           xxx
Notes on Asian Wedding Folk Song illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Hari ki Dun Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Janki Chatti Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Fulchatti Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Hanuman Chatti Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Yamunotri Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Pujeli Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Banal Patti Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Radhi danda Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Ringal Pani Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Arakot Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Jarmola Dhar Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song from Naugaon Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song Gangnani from Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments; Asian Wedding Folk Song Badkot from Uttarkashi, India illustrating Women Love for Ornaments;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

 'आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजिसन' की पोजीसन कमजोर किलै चलणि च ?

                    भीष्म कुकरेती


रोजगार - हे भै इंडियन आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजिसन ! ये क्या हाल बणयु त्यार ? इन लगणु च चलणु छे !
आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजिसन- अरे ना पूछ !
रोजगार - ह्याँ कपड़ा त त्यार वी कड़क छन पण बानी नि दिख्याणि ?
आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजिसन-हाँ !
रोजगार -अरे कै दिन तो तीम  क्या चमक छे , तड़क -भड़क छे , त्यार  क्या रूतबा छौ , रौब -दाब छौ , क्या हाम छे - प्रसिद्धि छे !
आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजिसन-हाँ
रोजगार -अरे कैदिन भारतीय जवान सुपिनो मा बस आर्मी मा कप्तान-ब्रिगेडियर बणनो , नेवी अधिकारी या स्क्वाड्रिन लीडर बणणो ख्वाब दिखदा छा
आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजिसन-हाँ पण
रोजगार -कैदिन  भारतीय नौन्याळ  पन्दरा  सालौ ह्वाइ ना कि NDA मा भर्ती होणो नियम या लेफ्टिनेंट कन बणे जावो की किताब खरीददो छौ I
आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजिसन- हां , तबि त मि रौब मा रौंद छौ कि मि हरेक भारतीय जवान की पहली अर आखरी पसंद छौ -सुपिन छौ I
रोजगार -हाँ ! अर  त्वै तै पाणों बान मध्यम वर्गीय नौन्याळ क्या नि करदा छा !
आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजिसन- क्या दिन छ्याइ ना ?
रोजगार -हाँ हाँ म्यार रिकौर्ड मुताबिक टेरिटोरियल   आर्मी मा दस हजार  से जादा अधिकार्युं पोजीसन भरण बाकि च अर इनि नेवी मा 1400 करीब अर 1000 का करीब एयर मा आधिकार्युं पोजीसन भर्याण बाकि च
आर्मी पोजिसन- यीँ  अजीब हालात देखिक ही तो मी चिंतित छौं अर दुख्यर चलणु छौं I
रोजगार -इन क्या बिजोग पोड़ि गे कि गर्व अर आदरणीय पोजीसन का प्रति भारतीय जवानुं रूचि घटणि च ?
आर्मी पोजिसन- ह्याँ ! अचकाल नौन्याळ प्राइवेट कंपन्यूं प्रति जादा आकर्षित छन I
रोजगार -हाँ MNCयूँ मा तनखा बि तौलि भौरिक मिल्दि अर बकै मौज मस्ती अलग I
आर्मी पोजिसन-तनखा त अब भारितीय सेना मा कम नि च पण युवाओं मा भारतीय सेना मा जाणो आकर्षण भौति कम ह्वे गे I
रोजगार -हाँ अचकालौ छोरी -छ्वारा जीवन का मूल्यों से जादा कमाई अर भौतिक सुखों तरफ चलण गीजि ग्याइ I
आर्मी पोजिसन-वी त समस्या ह्वे गे  भारतंम  अब जीवन मूल्यों जन कि इमानदारी , देशभक्ति से जादा तड़क भड़क की जिन्दगी प्यारी ह्वे ग्यायि I
रोजगार -अर फिर सेना की जिन्दगी ऊबड़ -खाबड़ अर स्ट्रेस की जिन्दगी च तो अचकाल का युवा इन स्ट्रेसफुल जिन्दगी से दूर हि रौण चाणा छन I
आर्मी पोजिसन- हां सबसे बड़ी दिक्कत च सब जगा जीवन -मूल्यों मा गिरावट अर वां से कथगा ही नई नई समस्या खड़ी हूणा छन I भारतम सेना मा अधिकार्युं कमी का पैथर एक कारण जीवंन मूल्यों मा कमी बि च I देशहित, राष्ट्रहित  अब व्यक्तिहित क समणी  भौत छ्वटो ह्वै गे , गौण ह्वेगे  I
रोजगार -हां कुछ हौर मूलभूत समस्या बि त छन आर्मी , नेवी या एयर मा ?
आर्मी पोजिसन-हां जन बच्चों क बान लिमिटेड स्कूलूं इंतजाम , सेना नौकरी इनि नि छोडि सकदां , स्लो प्रोमोसन , पोस्ट रिटायरमेंट की कुछ समस्या आदि
रोजगार -पण कुछ तो करणै ह्वेला कि ना ?
आर्मी पोजिसन-हाँ भौत सा चेतना जागृति का प्रोग्राम छन I फिर सेना मा बि अब बढिया तनख्वा अर सेवा निवृति मा लचीलापन आदि जन इंतजाम हूणा छन अर कथगा इ नया प्रोग्रैम छन जां से भारतीय जवान सेना मा भर्ती हूण मा प्रेरित ह्वावो I
रोजगार - मतलब तेरी तब्यत ठीक हूणों आसार छैं छन ?
आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजीसन - हाँ
रोजगार - फिर ठीक च I जय हिन्द !
आर्मी ऑफिसर पोजीसन -जय हिन्द I


Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  4/8/2013

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period


History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 115

   Early Medieval   Asian History of Katyuri Imperialism of Kartikeyapur in Kumaon, Garhwal and Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) -26

          (Early Asian Medieval History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar, Doti Nepal (Uttarakhand, India))
                          (Early Asian Medieval History (740-1100 AD)

                                              By: Bhishma Kukreti

         Ritual Practices in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period
       
              Katyuri Kings of Kartikeyapur donated lands for various temples. The Kings had cabinet minister for Temple Management in their kingdoms. The land was used for getting income for temples. The temple income was used for perfumes, dhup, lighting, flowers, paste, priest and rituals. There were arrangements for music, music instruments, songs and dances.
          There were arrangements by Katyuri Kings for Lady Dancers (Dev Dasi) in temple as Gopeshwar, Kedarnath, Tungnath, Katarmal,. The land was reserved for lady dancers and their families.
         There was custom of animal sacrificing and gifts of cereals and fruits to deities of temples. The Havan custom was very much there in temple.


           

                 Pilgrim Tourism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period

A-Major Pilgrim Tourist Places in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period

          The Badrikashram, Bhrigupanth, and Kedarashram were major pilgrim tourist place and in between from Haridwar (Gangadwar)  Badrikashram, Bhrigupanth, and Kedarashram and from Kashipur or Bhabar of present Kumaon to Badrikashram, Bhrigupanth, and Kedarashram there were tens of pilgrim places in Uttarakhand of Katyuri kings of medieval period.

      B-Major Pilgrim Tour Routes of Uttarakhand of Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period
           The following two major pilgrim tour routs were there in Katyuri Kingdom.
1-Haridwar (Gangadwar) –Devprayag- Shrinagar or Shriyantra Nagar Piligrim Tour Rout
2-Bhabar –Jageshwar- Adi Badri- Simli. Joshimath, Tapovan pilgrim tour rout.
Gopeshwar was base for Kedarnath pilgrim rout.
Joshimath was base place or camp for Badrinath pilgrim tour.
Places as Bhrigupanth, Kedar, Gopeshwar were centers for Shaivya believers (Shiva worshippers).
Other pilgrim places were famous for Vaishanavs.
Shakt had Siddhpeeths in Mayavati (Haridwar), Hrisikesh(Rishikesh), and Badrikashram.
Siddha and Nath sect sages had major centre at Gaurikund.
  Therefore, it is obvious that the believers of Shaivya, Vaishanva, Shakt and Nath sects from all over India including Cambodia, Thailand and Burma had strong attractions for pilgrim places of Uttarakhand of Katyuri period. The inscriptions of Jageshwar suggest that Indians were eager to visit pilgrim places of Uttarakhand in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period.
Lakhamandal excavation and Veerbhadra excavations also prove that these regions had religious or pilgrimage importance.


C- Writing Pilgrim names on Walls of Pilgrim temples Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period
Period
     

          The temple inscriptions of Dev Prayag, Jageshwar, Gopeshwar witness that the pilgrims used to write their names on walls temples as witness that they visited pilgrim places.

     D- Proxy Pilgrim Visitors in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period

                 The people had strong desire for visiting religious places of Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval period.
  In case, any person (Darshnarthi) was unable for visiting such religious places of Uttarakhand he used to send a proxy-pilgrim in his place. Such proxy-devotee was called 'Pakspat'. The Darshanarthi used to pay all expenses of 'Pakshpat'. It was believed that the Darshnarthi used to get all virtuous benefits by pilgrim place visit of his or her 'Pakshpat'. The deities were also informed by rituals that Darshnarthi is real benefice of visit by 'Pakshpat'.
'Pakshpat' used to write names of Darshnarthi and name of Pakshpat on the walls of temples.   

             E- Religious Story Teller (Kthavachak) in Pilgrim Tour of Uttarakhand

           The pilgrim parties used to take religious story teller with them. The religious story tellers used to tell religious stories and preaching at staying places Chatti. The pilgrim tourists used to take necessary materials with them.
           Jageshwar temple inscription mentions about   a Religious Story Teller –Bateshwar and devotee Jajjat. 

                Women pilgrim tourists were very less due to difficult rout in Uttarakhand.   


              F- Suicide by People in specific Religious Tour Rout

               The Jageshwar inscriptions suggest that there was custom in certain sects especially Shaivya that by dyeing at religious place, the person used get heaven. These high shrines were Bhrigupanth and Nanda Devi hill shrine where sages used to fall down to die.   



Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 4/8/2013

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
   
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued... Part -116
Early Asian Medieval History of Katyuri Dynasty in Kumaon, Garhwal and Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued...27
        (Oriental Early Medieval History (740-1100 AD to be continued...)
Xx         xxx
Notes on Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Pithoragarh in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Champawat in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Bageshwar in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Nainital  in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Almora in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Udham Singh Nagar in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Pauri Garhwal in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Tehri Garhwal in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Uttarkashi in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Chamoli Garhwal in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Rudraprayag in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Haridwar in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period; Ritual Practices, Pilgrim Tourism of Dehradun in Katyuri Kingdom of Asian Medieval Period;

[Bhishma Kukreti]

विज्ञापन अर ब्रैंड जौंन संस्कृति बदल

           भीष्म कुकरेती

संस्कृति को अर्थ होंद जैं चीज तैं बारबार दुरै (दोहराण ) जावो  ढब ही संस्कृति होन्दि I
औद्योगीकरण का बाद  संसार मा ब्रैंड अर विज्ञापनोंन संस्कृति बदल I
भारत मा बि भौत सा ब्रैंडून अर विज्ञापनोंन हमारी संस्कृति बदल I
लाइफ बॉय साबणन अर तंदुरस्ती की रक्षा करता है  लाइफ बॉय ! विज्ञापनन  पारम्परिक नयाणो माध्यम जन कि भ्यूंळ -खारो तैं हमर जिन्दगी से ही भैर  करी दे I
इनि  कोलगेट टूथ  पावडरन अर कोलगेट को विज्ञापनन  म्वास -टिमरू -नीम पर  खुलेआम म्वासो घुसि   दे I
सिंगर स्वीइंग मसीनन अर भारत माँ उषा सिलणै मसीनन हमर  कपड़ा पैरणो अर कपड़ा सिलणो ढब ही बदल दे I
छतरीन  अर छतिर्युं  विज्ञापनोंन  मुणक तैं इन ढक कि मुणक अब कखि नि मिल्दन I
बीड़ी सिगरेटोंन हुक्का पर इन धक्का मार कि हुक्का बीड़ी सिगरेटुं हुक्का भरण लैक बि नि राइ I
ब्लेडोंन उस्तरा पर उस्तरा फेरि अर अब जिलेट का नया रेजरोंन  बेल्डों धार हि खुंडे दे I
बाम ब्रैंडुंन , सेरोडीन जन ब्रांड का विज्ञापनोंन  त थैला छाप वैदुं थैला ही लूठि दे I 
भारत मा ब्रुक  बौंड अर लिपटन चाय का ब्रैंडोन ' सरा दिन कितलि  चढ़ीं च " जन लोक गीतों तैं जनम दे I
बाटा जन जुतुं कंपन्यूंन लोगुं तैं  'जुतम जुति ' सिखाइ I 
फेस पावडर का ब्रैंडून बांद बणाणो नया नया गुर सिखैन अर बिचारा हल्दी -चंदन अब खालि टीका/पिठाई  जोग रयाँ छन I
अमूल क्रान्ति से गढ़वऴयूंन नजीबाबादी भैंसुं दूध चाख I अब अमूल बटर का पैकेट गावुं मा नौण धरणो खालि बरोऴयूं तैं चिरड़ाणा छन I   
चंदौसी का कडुवा तेलुं कंटरूंन   गढ़वळी   गांवु मा कुलुड़ संस्कृति तैं  खतम कार I
मिठे पैकेटुंन 'अरसा की पाक' पर कब्जा करी   I
पैल मैमानो समणि  जंग्या-कच्छा पैरणम शरम लगदी छे पण अब  बिटेन जंग्योंन अपण धरम ही ना - नाम बि  बदल अर बरमुदा ह्वेन तो मेजवान मेमानो तैं अपण घौर बाद मा दिखांद पैल अपण बरमुदा क कीसा दिखांद I
पुरण जमानो मा जब चार यार मिलदा छा तो हुक्का पर सोड़ मारदा छा पण अब धरमेदर या अजय देवगन को बुल्युं माणदन अर अब जब बि चार यार मिल्दन तो बैग पाइपर की बोतल खुल्दन I वा अलग बात च कि महेंद्र सिंह धोनी  धै लगाणु च कि धरमेदर या अजय देवगन का बुल्युं नि मानो अर मल्लया की बोतल ख्वालो I
इमेल अर मोबैलुन तार -टेलीग्राम की ताकत तै तार -तार करि दे I
इनि भौत सा ब्रैंड , भौत सा प्रोडक्ट , भौत सा विज्ञापन छन जौंन हमर सुचणो ढंग बदल अर ढब बदल अर इन मा संस्कृति बदल  अग्वाड़ी बि इनि दुसर संस्कृति जनम लीदी रालि  I



Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  5/8/2013

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Indian, Asian Medieval Period

History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 116

   Early Medieval   Asian History of Katyuri Imperialism of Kartikeyapur in Kumaon, Garhwal and Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) -27

          (Early Asian Medieval History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar, Doti Nepal (Uttarakhand, India))
                          (Early Asian Medieval History (740-1100 AD)

                                              By: Bhishma Kukreti


              Indian and Uttarakhand Scenario in Temple Art in 7th to 10th Centuries

                  From seventh to tenth centuries, the temples were built mostly in each Indian village. Building temples, looking after temples, donating to temples, performing rituals in temples was sign of getting heaven.
                 People and kings built hundred of temples in Uttarakhand. However, earth quacks and landslides destroyed most of Katyuri or Indian, Asian medieval period temples. Many times or most of the times, the renovators of old temples of this period changed the structures of temples.   
   
Features of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Indian, Asian Medieval Period

  Before Gupta era, the temples were built by wood. Building temples by stone started in Gupta period.
                The Katyuri temples were built by cutting rock stone or cliff as Gupta temples. The Katyuri temples were built on high stone platform. The stare cases were built to step in temples.   
The outer and inner walls of Katyuri temples are simple.
There is single door to enter 'garbha griha'. The door pillars are decorated by carving art. At Dwarpal of doors the Ganga and Yamuna idols are there as in Adi Badri temple.
The passages surrounding 'garbhagriha' of temples are covered by roof.
The 'garbha griha 'of small temples as in Adi Badri and Jageshwar, are square and having 'gopur' too. There are places for small idols. The inner part of ritual performance are smaller in are.   
     The Vyal and Kirtimukh ar carved on door pillars as found in Gupta period temples. In a couple of Adi Badri temples, the Kirtimukh are outing garlands. There are carvings of a lion attacking elephant. The lion attack is symbol of knowledge winning over ignorance. 
The doors or door pillars are made of stones and not wood.

Shikhar of Katyuri temples of Indian, Asian Medieval Period

Making Shikhar on temples started in Gupta era. There are Nagshikhar on Katyuri temples. The shikhar starts from flat roof of 'garbha griha. The walls from four corners of roof shrink continuously till the top end of .shikhar'. The round stone is put on shikhar at top. The round stone is decorated by many circles forming 'Chakra'. The lowest part is called 'Amlak' and top part is called 'kalas'. These are called 'Nagarshikhar' temples and range from 10- to 15 feet in height.
     The local sculpture artists of Katyuri   period changed the 'Nagarshikhar' and created exclusive 'Katyurishikhar' temples. The 'Katyuri shikhar 'temples are from 20-30 feet height. 
The wall of Katyuri shikhar rises in a smooth curvature punctured by equidistantly provided 'bhumi amaltak' . The iron rods are not visible from outside. The large roof stones are covered by square stone plates. The wooden plates are below the stone plates. These structures are suitable for strength and snow fall protection.   
Most of the small temples are having Nagarshikhar as Jageshwar, Bageshwar,  Adi Badri, and Simoli. The major or big temples are having Katyuri shikhar as found in Uttarkashi, Kedarnath, Gopeshwar, Gangotri, Jageshwar, Joshimath, Tapovan, Triyuginarayan, Tungnath, Dharali, Dev Prayag, Devalgarh, Nalachatti, Pandukeshwar, Badrinath, Binsar, Baijnath, Baidyanath, Bageshwar, Ranihat, Lalkhamandal, Shrinagar or Someshwar.
            In one temple the name of builder is mentioned- Kalayn. The epigraph is of eighth century. The Navdurgamandir temple of Jageshwar has similarities with Bhuvneshwar –Orissa.


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 5/8/2013

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
   
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued... Part -117
Early Asian Medieval History of Katyuri Dynasty in Kumaon, Garhwal and Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued...28
        (Oriental Early Medieval History (740-1100 AD to be continued...)
Xx                 xxx                xxxx
Notes on Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Pauri Garhwal in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Chamoli Garhwal in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Rudraprayag Garhwal in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Tehri Garhwal in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Uttarkashi Garhwal in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Dehradun Katyuri Kingdom of Garhwal in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Haridwar  in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Pithoragarh Kumaon in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Almora Kumaon in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Champawat Kumaon in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Bageshwar Kumaon in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Nainital Kumaon in Indian, Asian Medieval Period; Characteristic of Art, Temples Art of Katyuri Kingdom of Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon in Indian, Asian Medieval Period 

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Bhairon Katha: A Folk Tale of Bhairon deity entering into Langurgarh and other parts of Garhwal
           
                                    Bhishma Kukreti

  Bhairon is a most wide spread deity of Garhwal and Kumaon. There are hundreds of Bhairon in Kumaon and Garhwal. However, eight Bhairon are major Bhairon.
  There are many folk stories related to Bhairon in Kumaon and Garhwal.
One of such folk stories is about Eight Bhairon.
Bhairav came to Kotdwara Bhabhar due to oppression of Mogul.
                     Seven Sonryal brothers and nine Kothiyal brothers of Rath region visited a shop in Kotdwara for buying salt. They bought salt in night. In early morning, they all started their return journey from Kotdwara for their home. They put salt in Kandi (bag). Bhairav hid in the Kandi of Saunryal brothers. They reached at Langoorgarh or Bhairogarh. There, Seven Saunryal brothers cooked food and started distributing food in seven equal parts. However, every time the eighth part became visible.  Bhairav was calling them but they could not hear it due to just sound.  They all were surprised. Suddenly Kandi broke down. Bhairav came out in the form of Linga. The ling busted into eight parts. One ling part flew away to Chopdakot Chautha, second ling part flew to Syunsi Baijron/bangan; third ling flew to Rath; forth part flew to Kothe of Barthwal; fifth linga part flew to Kothe of Saunriyal; sixth linga part flew to Kothe of nine Kothiyal; seventh part reached to Joshimath. The eighth linga part remained at Langurgarh. 
(Dr. Kusum Lata Pandey, Garhwal men Dev Pujan)


Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti bckukreti@gmail.com
Xxx                   xx
Reference: Dr Vishnu Datt Kukreti, 2003, Nathpanth: Garhwal ke Paripeksh men
Xx        xxxx 
Notes on Folk Tale of Entering of Bhairon deity into Langurgarh and other parts of Garhwal; Folk Tale of Entering of Bhairon deity into Langurgarh and Chopdakot Garhwal; Folk Tale of Entering of Bhairon deity into Langurgarh and Syunsi Bangar Garhwal; Folk Tale of Entering of Bhairon deity into Langurgarh and Rath Garhwal; Folk Tale of Entering of Bhairon deity into Langurgarh and Barthwal Kot Garhwal; Folk Tale of Entering of Bhairon deity into Langurgarh and Saunriyal Kot Garhwal; Folk Tale of Entering of Bhairon deity into Langurgarh and Kothiyal Kot Garhwal; Folk Tale of Entering of Bhairon deity into Langurgarh and Joshimath Garhwal;