Articles By Bhisma Kukreti - श्री भीष्म कुकरेती जी के लेख

[Bhishma Kukreti]

                   
                       Bhotia Mhalas Settlement
                   British Administration in Garhwal   -18         
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History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -34
            History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -872
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                              By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)

  Trail executed an exclusive tax settlement as 'Bhotia Mhalas' for Bhotia regions adjacent to Tibet boarder. Trail changed the name of Tax from Tax on Business Profit to 'Agriculture produce Tax'.  That new tax was additional to land tax.
The new Bhotia Mhalas taxes were as follows on Bhotia villages adjacent to border -
Valley------------- Kanch--------------Masha---------- Rati
Juhar Kumaon ------398------------- 5-------------------6
Darma Kumaon ------- 42 -----------7-------------------
Neeti (Garhwal) ---------62.5 (125 Dumaula)
In Neeti region Mhalas tax was exclusive from land tax on Joshimath and Painkhanda.
The material cost came down in Tibet. Trail exempted 25 % levies of the half tax from business category. In 1818, other taxes as weaving tax were stopped but forest product taxes remained as it was.
The planned tax  for Bhotia regions were as follows-
Valley------------- Kanch---------Masha---------- Rati – Rate Rs. – Total ------Revenue in Rs.
Juhar Kumaon -----365 ---------- 3-----------------3----------6--------- 5313-------- Rs.2200
Darma Kumaon ----353  --------3 -----------------4----------4 ------------3409------1400
Vyas Kumaon--------71----------9-----------------0-----------4-------------695----------280
Chaudans Kumaon –49-----------9----------------4-----------5-------------532----------250
Neeti (Garhwal) ---------87.50 (175 Dumaula) -------------2.5----------1005---------440
The above planned tax system was remained same for another year too.
There was increase in next biyearly taxation settlement as Bhotia who had fled at Gurkha time started returning to their native places. It was difficult for dividing the tax village wise. There was another problem the cut throat competition and mistrust among Bhotia traders. 




Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 11/8/2016
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -873
*** History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun, (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli) Garhwal (1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX   
References   
1-Shiv Prasad Dabral 'Charan', Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -7 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -1, page 161- 65
2- Atkinson, Himalayan districts vol.3 page 144
3- Hamilton, 1818, Description of Hindustan vol. 2, page 658
4- Asiatic Researches vol. 16. 3-49
Xx
History of British Rule, Administration , Policies, Revenue system,  over Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand ; History of British Rule , Administration , Policies Revenue system  over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Dehradun , Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand ; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, ,Revenue system  over Bageshwar  Kumaon, Uttarakhand ;
History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, Revenue system over Haridwar, Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; 
     

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Modern Garhwali Folk Songs,     Poems

  श्री नरेंद्र नेगी चालीसा  (गढ़वाली कविता )

रचना --    मनोज रावत 'अंजुल' ( जन्म  1971,  च्वींचा , नांदलस्यूं गढ़वाल  )
Poetry  by - Manoj Rawat ANjul
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( गढ़वाली कविता  क्रमगत इतिहास  भाग - 160 )
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इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति और व्याख्या : भीष्म कुकरेती
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गीत गंगा बगै तुमुन / खैरी विपदा लगै तुमुन.!
कभी सीला - पाखों रीटी / कन घुघूती घुरै तुमुन.!
मेला खौलौं मा घूमी / कनि बांद खुजै तुमुन.!
वे विलेती भीना तेइ / रोट अरसा चखै तुमुन.!
सौ कु नोट सुट्ट करी / बौ की जिकुड़ी झुरै तुमुन.!
रूआँ - धुआँ सी खौलेकि / कनि माया लगै तुमुन.!
सलण्या साली सुरक-२ / ये मुलुक बुलै तुमुन.!
नयु -२ ब्यो छौउ जबरी / मीठी -२ छवीं लगै तुमुन.!
दिल्ली वला द्यूर दगड़ी / बौ की खैरी लगै तुमुन.!
चुल्लु जगान्दि वक़्त भैजि / उंकी याद दिलै तुमुन.!
ईं ज्वनि कु राज पाठ / कब तै रौलू बतै तुमुन.!
मेरी सुर्मा सरेला सुर्मा / ज्वांनो तै रटै तुमुन.!
कनु लड़ीक बिगड़ी मेरु / ब्वारी करी बतै तुमुन.!
सुरसुरया बथों मा भैजी / ग्यों की दौऊँ रीटै तुमुन.!
रीता भांडा भोर देनी / अंसधरी चुभै की तुमुन.!
सौंण बरखी भादों बरखी / हिया भी नि भीजै तुमुन.!
सर बिरली बणैकी वींतै / इं डंडयाली बुलै तुमुन.!
ध्यू करी धूपणू करी / रूसयीं बौ मनै तुमुन.!
मेरी उमा कै बानो भैजी / डंडयाली भैर बुलै तुमुन.!
परसी देखि छज्जा मा छैई / ब्याली सुपन्या बुलै तुमुन.!
वींका रूपा की झौल मा / नौणु सी ज्यू गले तुमुन.!
हौंसिया उमर मा भैजी / जूनी टक़ लगै तुमुन.!
आंख्यों बटी फरार ह्वे ज्वा / वींतै लाटी चितै तुमुन.!
स्वीं सैं ना खबर करी / सुरक सुपन्या बुलै तुमुन.!
कू ढुंगू नी पूजी इख / कै डांडा नी खुजै तुमुन.!
जूड़ी माया की हे भैजी / अपड़ा गौला पैरै तुमुन.!
सला बिरणी , सगोर अपरू / नि खै जाणी बतै तुमुन.!
ढ़ेबरा बखरा हरचनी त / कख -२ नी खुजै तुमुन.!
समद्वौला का द्वी दिन / समधणिया धोरा बितै तुमुन.!
तीलू बाखरी हे दीदा / सैरी मुंथा खुजै तुमुन.!
दादा अर ह्यूंद क्या बोन / कनि कथा मिसै तुमुन.!
उठा जागा उत्तराखंडियों / धै लगैकी बिजै तुमुन.!
ना काटा तौं डाल्यूं बोली / जल जंगल भी बचै तुमुन.!
मेरी डांडी काठयों का मुल्क़ / बसंती फूल खिलै तुमुन.!
नौछम्मी नारैण गैकी / सरकार भी हिलै तुमुन.!
अब कथगा खैल्यू बोलि / नेतौं तैभि दगै तुमुन.!
बावन गढ़ूं क देश / कनि आस जगै तुमुन.!
बाग़ मनु उत्तराखंड मा / जसपाल राणा बुलै तुमुन
तिन कपाली पकड़ी रोण / वीमा पैली बतै तुमुन.!
तीतरी फँसैं चखुली फँसैं / कागा कन्मा फँसैं तुमुन.!-


Poetry Copyright@ Poet
Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  interpretation if any

Modern Garhwali Folk Songs  Narendra Singh Negi chalisa   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  Narendra Singh Negi chalisa   , Modern Poetries , Poems Contemporary Poetries  Narendra Singh Negi chalisa  , Contemporary folk Poetries from Garhwal    ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs Narendra Singh Negi chalisa   ,   Poems  Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  Narendra Singh Negi chalisa  , Modern Poetries, Contemporary Poetries   Narendra Singh Negi chalisa   , Contemporary folk Poetries Poems  from Pauri Garhwal  Narendra Singh Negi chalisa  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   Narendra Singh Negi chalisa  , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  Narendra Singh Negi chalisa   , Poems  Narendra Singh Negi chalisa  , Modern Poetries  Narendra Singh Negi chalisa   , Contemporary Poetries   , Contemporary folk Poetries from Chamoli Garhwal Narendra Singh Negi chalisa   ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs  Narendra Singh Negi chalisa   ,     Modern Garhwali Folk Verses    ,  Poems    , Modern Poetries, Contemporary Poetries  ,      Poems folk Poetries from Rudraprayag Garhwal  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  , Modern Poetries   , Contemporary Poetries   , Contemporary folk Poetries from Tehri Garhwal   ; Poems   , Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  , Modern Poetries  , Contemporary Poetries  , Contemporary Folk Poetries from Uttarkashi Garhwal  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses   , Poems    , Modern Poetries    ,     Poems, Contemporary Poetries    ,      Contemporary folk Poetries Poems from Dehradun Garhwal   ;
पौड़ी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; चमोली  गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ;टिहरी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; देहरादून गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; 
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  स्वच्छ भारत , स्वच्छ भारत ,  धनवान  गढ़वाल

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Shiv Prasad Pokhariyal: A Famous Garhwali Lyricist of Love Rapture
Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali (Asian) Poetry –-76
                    Literature Historian:  Bhishma Kukreti

     Shiv Prasad Pokhariyal is famous cultural activist of Dehradun. Shiv Prasad Pokhariyal is a poet, lyricist and singer. He used to organize Garhwali cultural shows all over India. His poems are mostly love lyrics.
    Shiv Prasad Pokhariyal was born in 1940 in Pokhara village of Pauri Garhwal.
Shiv Prasad Pokhariyal published a Garhwali poetry collection 'Jhamka' in 1963.
Shiv Prasad Pokhariyal is famous for love, nature and spirituality in his poems. Famous poetry analyzer Dr. Manju Dhoundiyal, famous cultural activist of Mumbai Ram Mohan Kukreti appreciated Shiv Prasad Pokhariyal symbols, words and    phrases in his verses. Shiv Prasad Pokhariyal published his poems in various magazines, periodicals and relayed through Akashvani too. Shiv Prasad Pokhariyal also wrote lyrics for many audio-video cassettes.
फ्यूंलड़ी (श्रृंगार रसयुक्त गढ़वाली कविता )




फ्यूंलड़ी त्वै देखि औंद याद यो मन मा 
तेरो मेरो साथ छयो पैल्या जनम  मा।
गोरी मुखडी मा जब घुँघट  खैंचदि तू
धोतिन उठड्यूं दबै कि मुलमुल हंसदि तू
झिलमिल फूली को झिमलाट नाक मा।  तेरो मेरो साथ छयो पैल्या जनम  मा।

मुंडि कि घुंघर्याळी लटुली सुरजी सि किरणी
बिगरैलि खुटोंकि हिटैइ डांड्यू की सि हिरणी   
छुण छुण चूड़ियों को छमणाट हत्यों मा , बतौणु छौ हत्यों मा। तेरो मेरो साथ  ....

उलर्यों दगड्यों दगड़ि कौथिग जान्दि तू     
फररा फर फर बथौं मा दुशलि उडाँदि तू
झलकदि मछलि बतौणि छ कान मा बतौणी छ कानुमा। तेरो मेरो साथ   ....

डाँड्युं मा दगड्यों दगड़ी घास कु जब जांदि तू
छुण - छुण -  छुण -  छुण दथड़ि का  छुणका बजांदि तू
रसीला गीत बतौणा छैं डाँड्युं मा ,  बतौणा छैं डाँड्युं मा। तेरो मेरो साथ ...

पुंगड्यों की भीट्यूं बैठिक , जब खुट्यों हिलांदि तू
केळा सि कुंगळी फिलियों तैं धोतिन ढकांदि तू
देखिकि आंख्युं को सरमाणु मनमा बतौणु छ मनमा। तेरो मेरो साथ ...

पाणि कि गागरि लेकि जब उकाळि कु आंदि तू
देखिकि मि झट बौगा ह्वे कि मुखडि फर्काँदि तू
धौंपेलि को फेर बतौणु छ पीठि मा ,  बतौणु छ पीठि मा।   तेरो मेरो साथ ...

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Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai; 2016
Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Songs,  Poets   ; Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali Folk Verses,  Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Poetries,  Poets  ; Poems Contemporary Poetries,  Poets  ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Garhwal; Development of Modern Garhwali Folk Songs ; Poems  ; Critical and Chronological History of South Asian    Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Modern Poetries ,  Poets  ; Contemporary Poetries,  Poets  ; Contemporary folk Poetries Poems  from Pauri Garhwal; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Poems,  Poets   ; Modern Poetries  ; Contemporary Poetries  ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Chamoli Garhwal  ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Songs  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses,  Poets   ; Poems,  Poets  ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian  Modern Poetries; Contemporary Poetries , Poems folk Poetries from Rudraprayag Garhwal Asia,  Poets   ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs,  Poets    ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Modern Poetries  ; Contemporary Poetries,  Poets   ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Tehri Garhwal; Asia  ; Poems  ;  Inspirational and Modern Garhwali Folk Songs  ; Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Modern Poetries; Contemporary Poetries; Contemporary Folk Poetries from Uttarkashi Garhwal  ;  Modern Garhwali Folk Songs; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Poems  ; Asian Modern Poetries  ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Poems  ; Asian Contemporary Poetries; Contemporary folk Poetries Poems from Dehradun Garhwal; Famous Asian Poets  ;  Famous South Asian Poet ; Famous SAARC Countries Poet  ; Critical and Chronological History of Famous Asian Poets of Modern Time  ;
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  स्वच्छ भारत ; स्वच्छ भारत ; समर्थ गढ़वाल

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Modern Garhwali Folk Songs,   The fight is ours and win is yours,   Poems

लड़ै  हमारी अर जीत तुम्हारी( आपकी  कथा  कहती  कविता )

रचना --   भवानी शंकर  थपलियाल  ( जन्म 1972,  भलगांव , श्रीनगर गढ़वाल  )
Poetry  by - Bhavani Shankar Thapliyal
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( गढ़वाली कविता  क्रमगत इतिहास  भाग - 161 )
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इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति और व्याख्या : भीष्म कुकरेती
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    लड़ै  हमारी अर जीत तुम्हारी

कवि : भवानी शंकर थपलियाल (भलगांव , श्रीनगर , जन्म -1972 )

लड़ै हमारी अर जीत तुम्हारी—--The fight is ours and win is yours
जमीन हमारी अर जब्ती तुम्हारी।  --The Land is ours and ownership is yours.
जंगल हमारू अर हक तुमारु --- The forest is ours and right on forest is yours
लड़ै हमारी अर जीत तुम्हारी।. The fight is ours and win is yours
पाणी हमारू अर परियोजना तुम्हारी The water is ours and planning (to get water) is yours
विकास हमारू अर विजली तुम्हारी। The electricity developmental (spending) is ours and electricity is yours
लड़ै हमारी अर जीत तुम्हारी The fight is ours and win is yours
चिपको हमारू और चांट तुम्हारी। Forest protection duties  are ours and benefits are yours
राज्य हमारू बाँट तुम्हारी  The state is ours and distribution rights (recourses) are yours
लड़ै हमारी अर जीत तुम्हारी। The fight is ours and win is yours
विकास हमारू अर ठेका तुम्हारु The developmental work is ours and contracts are yours
गारेंटी हमारी अर रोजगार तुम्हारु। Guarantees are ours and right on  employments are yours
लड़ै हमारी अर जीत तुम्हारी The fight is ours and win is yours
गाणी हमारी अर धीत तुम्हारी। The aspirations are ours and satisfactions are yours
माया हमारी अर प्रीत तुम्हारी  Perceptions are  ours and right on  love are yours
लड़ै हमारी अर जीत तुम्हारी। The fight is ours and win is yours

(Ref-Angwal, )
Poetry Copyright@ Poet
Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  interpretation if any

Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   The fight is ours and win is yours , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  The fight is ours and win is yours , Modern Poetries , Poems Contemporary Poetries  The fight is ours and win is yours , Contemporary folk Poetries from Garhwal  The fight is ours and win is yours  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs The fight is ours and win is yours  ,   Poems  Modern Garhwali Folk Verses The fight is ours and win is yours  , Modern Poetries, Contemporary Poetries     , Contemporary folk Poetries Poems  from Pauri Garhwal The fight is ours and win is yours  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   The fight is ours and win is yours , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses    , Poems   , Modern Poetries    , Contemporary Poetries   , Contemporary folk Poetries from Chamoli Garhwal   ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs    ,     Modern Garhwali Folk Verses    ,  Poems    , Modern Poetries, Contemporary Poetries  ,      Poems folk Poetries from Rudraprayag Garhwal  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  , Modern Poetries   , Contemporary Poetries   , Contemporary folk Poetries from Tehri Garhwal   ; Poems   , Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  , Modern Poetries  , Contemporary Poetries  , Contemporary Folk Poetries from Uttarkashi Garhwal  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses   , Poems    , Modern Poetries    ,     Poems, Contemporary Poetries    ,      Contemporary folk Poetries Poems from Dehradun Garhwal   ;
पौड़ी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; चमोली  गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ;टिहरी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; देहरादून गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; 
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  स्वच्छ भारत , स्वच्छ भारत ,  धनवान  गढ़वाल

[Bhishma Kukreti]

                   
                     Hoon/Tibet Tax on Indian Bhotiyas   
                   British Administration in Garhwal   -19         
       -
History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -35
            History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -873
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                              By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)

        Bhotiyas used to pay taxes to Tibetan kings (Hoon des in Uttarakhandi languages) in Garhwal Kings and Gurkha period too. Bhotiyas could not get freedom from paying tax to Tibetan rulers even in strong British rule.
            Indian Bhotiyas had to visit Tibet for export and import business in summer season. Therefore, taking export and import tax by Tibet administration from Indian Bhotiyas was valid and logical too.  However, Tibet (Hoon) rulers used to collect land taxes from Bhotiyas that land was under British. Traill wrote that (Atkinson page 124) since, as per folklores, Bhotiyas migrated from Hoon (Tibet) to Uttarakhand border regions Hoon (Tibet) rulers used to collect taxes from Bhotiyas.
  Since, the capital of Katyuris was in Joshimath that means Bhotiya region was under Katyuris.  When Katyuri kingdom was divided or weakened forever, Tibetans started attacking on Uttarakhand border regions and when Bhotiyas settled in Garhwal and Kumaon, Tibetan (Hun) took granted that that region was under Tibet rule (Hoon).  Garhwal Kings of Garhwal and Chand Kings of Kumaon took actions and brought Bhotiya regions under their respective Kingdoms. Bhotiyas had to business with both the territories (Tibet and Garhwal Kingdom and Kumaon Kingdoms-Chand and Katyuri). Therefore, Bhotiyas used to pay taxes both the rulers.
  Neeti Valley Bhotiyas used to pay following taxes to Hoon (Tibetan) administration-
'Simh Thal' or Land Revenue - the tax from Tibet (Hun) administration was low and was collected per Kaunch (land measuring unit).
'Ya Thal' ( Ghamtappi Tax) or tax on sun shines- Perhaps it is related to (Asiatic Research vol. 17,pages 26- 27) migration by Bhatia. 'Gham tappi' means sun bath. Tibetan officer 'Sarji' from Jaungpun region used to visit early summer and used to collect this tax in the form of Khamir' /dried yeast cake.
'Kiun Thal'- Kyun Thal tax was export –import tax. The tax was taken in the form of wool of a sheep and rate was wool of a sheep after every ten sheep having goods on them.  It means ten percent was criteria. Many times, officers took tax in the form of Gur.
'Kiun  Kal'- Kyun Kal was tax on cereals brought inside Tibet for sales.
'Huro or Rakhi' tax- Sikh Sardar used to take projection money of Neeti Bhotiyas for protecting Bhotiyas Tibetan Dacoits or looters.
Bhotiyas used to collect 10 % tax on Tibetan traders coming to Uttarakhand regions.
'Thalla' Tax-  Tax on oats  per round (10-20 KG)
'Pugir' Tax- 'Pugir' tax was Rs 3 per 100 goat/sheep
'La Thal' Tax- The tax on crossing river or rivulet was 6 Anna and 6 pai per 100 sheep/goats
'Lug-Puch' tax - The tax on crossing river or rivulet was one Patha on 20 Patha of grains
'La –Miuk' Tax- Traders crossing Dabamandi ,  had to pay entry tax for the region.
There was difference between tax structure in Man and Neeti borders. 


Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 12/8/2016
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -874
*** History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun, (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli) Garhwal (1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX   
References   
1-Shiv Prasad Dabral 'Charan', Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -7 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -1, page 168-69
2- Atkinson, Himalayan districts vol.3 page 147
Xx
History of British Rule, Administration , Policies, Revenue system,  over Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand ; History of British Rule , Administration , Policies Revenue system  over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Dehradun , Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand ; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, ,Revenue system  over Bageshwar  Kumaon, Uttarakhand ;
History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, Revenue system over Haridwar, Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand;   

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Kisran: Poetries Raising Burning Questions
-
Review of 'Kisran' a Garhwali language poetry collection by Jagdish Prasad Chaturvedi
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Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali (Asian) Poetry –- 77 A
                    Literature Historian:  Bhishma Kukreti
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          Jagdish Prasad Chaturvedi is a retired government official. However, being a social issue sensitive person, he started writing poems after his retirement.
In this volume, there are twenty Garhwali poems concerned to Garhwal. His poems are of varied subjects as praise for Garhwal; problems of migration from Garhwal, the painful states of women in Garhwal. Chaturvedi also describes geographical and social images of Garhwal and beauty. 
         The poems are of modern style that is without conventional 'Chhand' or free verses.
  Famous Indian Singer Narendra Singh Negi and Madan Duklan appreciated his poems. 
  Chaturvedi is successful in raising the burning issues of rural Garhwal.
रीतो आकाश  (गढ़वाली कविता )
-


आशा /निराशा की /बिसरी अभिव्यक्ति
मन का कोण मा / क्वी लुकीं
अनुभूति /आषाढ़ की छोयो सी
अचाणचक / फुटि ग्याय
मन मा  लौन्क्युं /घंघतोळ को
कुयड़ु  छंटे ग्याय / अर मेरो अतीत
सैंदिष्टि ह्वेकि / मुल्ल हैंसिकि
खड़ु ह्वे ग्याय / मिन आँखा बूजीकि 
धै  लगैन /पछिंडी होली तेरी
निर्भागी / आज तक किलै
लुक्युं रै /ठगाणू रै
लुकचोरी की आदत/ तेरी
अभि तक नि गै / म्यारा दगड्या
कभि हर्चि गैन / ऊँ की खुद कु 
अहसास दिलै कि / तू किलै झूटी मूटी
गाणी  कराणु रै / मी तो बिसरि गे छयो
सभी अहसास /पुराणो इतिहास
अपणौ तैं मिलणा की /धुंधली आस 
मेरी जिकुड़ी मा भी / कन नि रै होलि
कैकि आस / मी भी त रै होलु
कैका सास / परक्या आय मेरा बांठ
खरड़ी डांडी /अर रीतो आकाश


( साभार -- अंग्वाळ )

-

Kisran
Garhwali Poetry collection
Poet- Jagdish Chaturvedi
Year of Publication -2010
Samay Sakshya
Faltu line
Dehradun

-
Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai; 2016
Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Songs,  Poets   ; Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali Folk Verses,  Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Poetries,  Poets  ; Poems Contemporary Poetries,  Poets  ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Garhwal; Development of Modern Garhwali Folk Songs ; Poems  ; Critical and Chronological History of South Asian    Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Modern Poetries ,  Poets  ; Contemporary Poetries,  Poets  ; Contemporary folk Poetries Poems  from Pauri Garhwal; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Poems,  Poets   ; Modern Poetries  ; Contemporary Poetries  ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Chamoli Garhwal  ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Songs  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses,  Poets   ; Poems,  Poets  ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian  Modern Poetries; Contemporary Poetries , Poems folk Poetries from Rudraprayag Garhwal Asia,  Poets   ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs,  Poets    ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Modern Poetries  ; Contemporary Poetries,  Poets   ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Tehri Garhwal; Asia  ; Poems  ;  Inspirational and Modern Garhwali Folk Songs  ; Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Modern Poetries; Contemporary Poetries; Contemporary Folk Poetries from Uttarkashi Garhwal  ;  Modern Garhwali Folk Songs; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Poems  ; Asian Modern Poetries  ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Poems  ; Asian Contemporary Poetries; Contemporary folk Poetries Poems from Dehradun Garhwal; Famous Asian Poets  ;  Famous South Asian Poet ; Famous SAARC Countries Poet  ; Critical and Chronological History of Famous Asian Poets of Modern Time  ;
-

-
  स्वच्छ भारत ; स्वच्छ भारत ; समर्थ गढ़वाल

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Jagdish Prasad Chaturvedi: A Garhwali Poet of Varied subjects
Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali (Asian) Poetry –-77
                    Literature Historian:  Bhishma Kukreti
-
          Jagdish Prasad Chaturvedi created more than 100 poems in Garhwali.  The poems of Chaturvedi show the past; present and also take readers showing the future of Garhwal. Jagdish illustrate Garhwal geographical nature, social wrongs and cultural beauty of Garhwal, spirituality. His poems inspire readers for avoiding wrong doings too. Jagdish is a poet of varied subject.
Jagdish was born in 1940 , in Piplai of Kafolsyun , Pauri Garhwal.
  Chaturvedi published a Garhwali poetry collection.
रीतो आकाश (गढ़वाली कविता )
-


आशा /निराशा की /बिसरी अभिव्यक्ति
मन का कोण मा / क्वी लुकीं
अनुभूति /आषाढ़ की छोयो सी
अचाणचक / फुटि ग्याय
मन मा लौन्क्युं /घंघतोळ को
कुयड़ु छंटे ग्याय / अर मेरो अतीत
सैंदिष्टि ह्वेकि / मुल्ल हैंसिकि
खड़ु ह्वे ग्याय / मिन आँखा बूजीकि
धै लगैन /पछिंडी होली तेरी
निर्भागी / आज तक किलै
लुक्युं रै /ठगाणू रै
लुकचोरी की आदत/ तेरी
अभि तक नि गै / म्यारा दगड्या
कभि हर्चि गैन / ऊँ की खुद कु
अहसास दिलै कि / तू किलै झूटी मूटी
गाणी कराणु रै / मी तो बिसरि गे छयो
सभी अहसास /पुराणो इतिहास
अपणौ तैं मिलणा की /धुंधली आस
मेरी जिकुड़ी मा भी / कन नि रै होलि
कैकि आस / मी भी त रै होलु
कैका सास / परक्या आय मेरा बांठ
खरड़ी डांडी /अर रीतो आकाश




( साभार -- अंग्वाळ )

Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai; 2016
Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Songs,  Poets   ; Critical and Chronological History of Modern Garhwali Folk Verses,  Poets ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Poetries,  Poets  ; Poems Contemporary Poetries,  Poets  ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Garhwal; Development of Modern Garhwali Folk Songs ; Poems  ; Critical and Chronological History of South Asian    Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Modern Poetries ,  Poets  ; Contemporary Poetries,  Poets  ; Contemporary folk Poetries Poems  from Pauri Garhwal; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Poems,  Poets   ; Modern Poetries  ; Contemporary Poetries  ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Chamoli Garhwal  ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Songs  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses,  Poets   ; Poems,  Poets  ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian  Modern Poetries; Contemporary Poetries , Poems folk Poetries from Rudraprayag Garhwal Asia,  Poets   ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs,  Poets    ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Modern Poetries  ; Contemporary Poetries,  Poets   ; Contemporary folk Poetries from Tehri Garhwal; Asia  ; Poems  ;  Inspirational and Modern Garhwali Folk Songs  ; Asian Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Modern Poetries; Contemporary Poetries; Contemporary Folk Poetries from Uttarkashi Garhwal  ;  Modern Garhwali Folk Songs; Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  ; Poems  ; Asian Modern Poetries  ; Critical and Chronological History of Asian Poems  ; Asian Contemporary Poetries; Contemporary folk Poetries Poems from Dehradun Garhwal; Famous Asian Poets  ;  Famous South Asian Poet ; Famous SAARC Countries Poet  ; Critical and Chronological History of Famous Asian Poets of Modern Time  ;
-

-
  स्वच्छ भारत ; स्वच्छ भारत ; समर्थ गढ़वाल

[Bhishma Kukreti]

Modern Garhwali Folk Songs,     Poems

डेवलपमेंट 2020  मा (गढ़वाली कविता )

रचना --   हेमवती नन्दन भट्ट 'हेमू  ( जन्म  1973,  बूंगा , यमकेश्वर , उदयपुर , पौड़ी गढ़वाल  )
Poetry  by - Hemwati Nandan Bhatt 'hemu'
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( गढ़वाली कविता  क्रमगत इतिहास  भाग -  )
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इंटरनेट प्रस्तुति और व्याख्या : भीष्म कुकरेती
-
कोल्ड्रिंक बियर बार पाड़ डांडा वार- प्व़ार
कच्ची न पक्यूं की बार मैनुफैक्चरिंग बहार
होली मेरा उत्तराखण्ड मा
डेवलपमेंट 2020  मा।

चूनै रवट्टी झंगोरू कोदू कण्डळी  भूली जा
केक बिरेड टोस्ट बटर , जैम रटिल्या   
औण वळी चा   बहार हां 
डेवलपमेंट 2020  मा।

ओल्ड बिचार फुंड धरा नयि थिंक अपणैल्या
  नौना  बाळौ  ना डरा रात -बिर्त घुमण द्या
नाइट क्लब डिस्को बार मा 
डेवलपमेंट 2020  मा।

पैलि लुटेंदा छा भैर अब लुटेल्या भितर
भैर वळा चोर छा भितर वळा अपड़ छन
काका बड्डा भाई भतीजा
  डेवलपमेंट 2020  मा।


(Ref-ऊदु ब्वगदी गंगा  कविता संग्रह )
Poetry Copyright@ Poet
Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  interpretation if any

Modern Garhwali Folk Songs    , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses    , Modern Poetries , Poems Contemporary Poetries   , Contemporary folk Poetries from Garhwal    ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   ,   Poems  Modern Garhwali Folk Verses   , Modern Poetries, Contemporary Poetries     , Contemporary folk Poetries Poems  from Pauri Garhwal   ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs    , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses    , Poems   , Modern Poetries    , Contemporary Poetries   , Contemporary folk Poetries from Chamoli Garhwal   ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs    ,     Modern Garhwali Folk Verses    ,  Poems    , Modern Poetries, Contemporary Poetries  ,      Poems folk Poetries from Rudraprayag Garhwal  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  , Modern Poetries   , Contemporary Poetries   , Contemporary folk Poetries from Tehri Garhwal   ; Poems   , Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses  , Modern Poetries  , Contemporary Poetries  , Contemporary Folk Poetries from Uttarkashi Garhwal  ; Modern Garhwali Folk Songs   , Modern Garhwali Folk Verses   , Poems    , Modern Poetries    ,     Poems, Contemporary Poetries    ,      Contemporary folk Poetries Poems from Dehradun Garhwal   ;
पौड़ी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; चमोली  गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ;टिहरी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; देहरादून गढ़वाल, उत्तराखंड  से गढ़वाली लोकगीत , कविता ; 
-
-
  स्वच्छ भारत , स्वच्छ भारत ,  धनवान  गढ़वाल

[Bhishma Kukreti]

                   
                British Land Settlement in Bhabhar Garhwal
                   British Administration in Garhwal   -20         
       -
History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -36
            History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -874
-
                              By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)
      The land revenue settlement in Bhabhar Garhwal was different than Garhwal hills as exclusive was Bhotiya regions in Garhwali Kingdom and Nepal rules. Initially, British continued the system as it was.
        Bhuri Singh Negi Goldar was in charge of East Bhabhar (Pataldun to Kotdwara ) for land revenue settlement in King Jaikrit Shah time around 1783. His job was to collect land tax and for protecting border regions from enemies and dacoits and Negi was also to collect import and export taxes.  Bhuri Singh Negi used to pay soldiers salaries  from income from export and import (English Pre Mutiny).
       Bhuri Singh Negi encouraged tribal community as Boksa and other farmers for farming in his designated Bhabhar land. Garhwal King did not take revenues or tax from Bhuri Singh collected from farmers by Bhuri Singh.. Sayanas of Bungi, Paino, Bijlot Pattis used to take tax from cattle keepers those used to take their cattle for grazing to Pataldun or Bhabhar in winter. Bhuri Singh managed Pataldun and Bhabhar for 20 years till 1803 when Gurkha won Garhwal. It is said that Negi fled to plains and died there.(Atkinson , page 284) .
       Gurkha handed over the region Pataldun and Bhabhar to dSayanas of Bungi, Paino, Bijlot Patties for land revenue settlements time to time. The Gurkha conditions for settlement were same as with Negi by Garhwal Kingdom.
In 1815, Lal Singh Negi the son and heir of Bhuri Singh Negi reached to Garhwal. He applied for getting back the rights of collecting taxes. British administration did not return him the job of collecting taxes. However, British administration offered him Pataldun region.
The income in 1823 from Pataldun was as follows (Atkinson)-
Gold dust from rivers tax – Rs. 271
Kath –Bans (wood cutting ) Tax ----- Rs. 612
Land Tax--------------- Rs 701
British government vanished export and import tax taken at Ghat in 1818 as per Traill suggestions.

 

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 14/8/2016
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued... Part -875
*** History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun, (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli) Garhwal (1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX   
References   
1-Shiv Prasad Dabral 'Charan', Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -7 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -1, page 168-69
2- Atkinson, Himalayan districts vol.3 page 284
3- English Pre Mutiny Records, Settlement letters issued Vol.1, 1837-39
Xx
History of British Rule, Administration , Policies, Revenue system,  over Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand ; History of British Rule , Administration , Policies Revenue system  over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Dehradun , Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand ; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, ,Revenue system  over Bageshwar  Kumaon, Uttarakhand ;
History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, Revenue system over Haridwar, Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand;   

[एम.एस. मेहता /M S Mehta 9910532720]

किंगर का झाला घुगुती ..पांगर का डाला घुगुती .

किंगर का झाला घुगुती ..पांगर का डाला घुगुती .
ले घुर घुरान्दी घुगुती ..ले फुर उड़ान्दि घुगुती
..
{किंगर का झाला घुगुती ..पांगर का डाला घुगुती .
ले घुर घुरान्दी घुगुती ..ले फुर उड़ान्दि घुगुती
..}
ले टक लगान्दी घुगुती ..के रेंदी
बिगांदी घुगुती ..
के देश की होली घुगुती ..के देश बे आई
घुगुती ..
किंगर का झाला......होए होए ..
किंगर का झाला घुघूती ..पांगर का डाला घुघूती ..
ले घुर घुरन्दी घुघूती ..ले फुर उड़ान्दि घुगुती
..
{किंगर का झाला घुगुती ..पांगर का डाला घुगुती .
ले घुर घुरान्दी घुगुती ..ले फुर उड़ान्दि घुगुती
..}
तू मालु झाले की घुगुती ..
तू केसों रंग की घुगुती ..तू कब बसदी
घुगुती..
तू कन बसानी घुगुती ...-
तू मालु झाले की ..........होए होए ..
तू मालु झाले की . घुगुती ..
तू मालु रंग की घुगुती ..तू कब बसदी
घुगुती..
तू कन बसानी घुगुती ...-
-------------- -----------
तू मालु झाले की घुगुती ..तू केसों रंग की
घुगुती ..
तू कब बसदी घुगुती..तू कन बसानी
घुगुती ...
तू मालु झाले की...होए होए ..
तू मालु झाले की घुगुती ..तू मालु रंग की
घुगुती ..
बल चैत बैशाख घुगुती ..तू घुर घुरांदी घुगुती
..
{किंगर का झाला घुघूती ..पंगर का डाला घुघूती ..
ले घुर घुरन्दी घुघूती ..ले फुर उरांदी
घुगुती ..}
त्वेन तौल नी जाण घुगुती ..अखोड खिसायु
घुगुती ..
वो बारह मैनों की घुगुती ..एगे ऋतू बोडी
की घुघूती ..
तेल तोल नी जान घुगुती ..अखोड खिसायु
घुगुती ..
वो बारह मैनों की घुगुती ..एगे ऋतू बोडी
की घुघूती ..
धारु मा फूली गे..होए ..होए ..
धारु मा फूली गे घुगुती ..धर वालू बुरांस घुघूती
..
पतालू फूली गे घुगुती ..फूल सेतु सेल्बाड़ी
घुगुती ..
{किंगर का झाला घुघूती ..पंगर का डाला घुघूती ..
ले घुर घुरन्दी घुघूती ..ले फुर उरांदी
घुगुती ..}

ले घुर घुरन्दी घुघूती ..ले फुर उरांदी
घुगुती .
तू खोंन न खाय घुघूती जिवारड ना जायं घुघूती
बल पत्ता का तौला घुघूती तक़दीर बोतियूं च घुघूती
तू खोंन न  खाय घुघूती जिवारड ना जायं घुघूती
बल पत्ता का तौला घुघूती तक़दीर बोतियूं च घुघूती
मेरु सदु बन्दुक्या  ..होए ..होए ।
मेरु सदु बन्दुक्या घुघूती ते मारदलु घुघूती
तू एक अवन्ति घुघूती सरब बनलु घुघूती

किंगर का झाला घुघूती ..पंगर का डाला घुघूती ..
ले घुर घुरन्दी घुघूती ..ले फुर उरांदी
घुगुती ..}

तू खोंन न  खाय घुघूती भंंगलौद ना जाय घुघूती ..
तेन फेन फंसॉलू  घुघती  ते फांस लगलू घुघूती

तू खोंन न  खाय घुघूती भंंगलौद ना जाय घुघूती ..
तेन फेन फंसॉलू  घुघती  ते फांस लगलू घुघूती

तेरी खुटिया जली  ..होए ..होए ।
तेरी खुटिया जली घुघूती तेर संकि सुकेली घुघूती
ते मारदलु घुघूती ते अजब बनलु घुघूती

किंगर का झाला घुघूती ..पंगर का डाला घुघूती ..
ले घुर घुरन्दी घुघूती ..ले फुर उरांदी
घुगुती ..}.
किंगर का झाला घुघूती ..पंगर का डाला घुघूती ..
ले घुर घुरन्दी घुघूती ..ले फुर उरांदी
घुगुती ..}

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